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UCLA-led research reveals potential treatments for deadly tropical disease
Melioidosis is a tropical disease that claims an estimated 90,000 lives worldwide each year. There is no vaccine, and current treatments are hampered by the ability of the bacterium that causes the disease to resist even the strongest antibiotics.Hardy and lethal, that bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, is classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a potential bioweapon.UCLA-led research has identified two compounds that, based on tests on human cells and on mice, show potential for treating melioidosis. One is a widely used drug already approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as an antifu...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - September 11, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Application of Antimicrobial Peptides of the Innate Immune System in Combination With Conventional Antibiotics —A Novel Way to Combat Antibiotic Resistance?
In this study erythrocytes, mononuclear cells and neutrophils, used for evaluation of cytotoxic activity of the peptides and antibiotics, were obtained from blood of healthy donors. Since authors of this article served as such the donors, ethical approval was not required by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Experimental Medicine. All subjects/authors gave their written consent. Results Effects on Bacterial Cells Combined Antibacterial Action At the first stage of the study we explored the combined action of AMPs and lysozyme with antibiotics against drug-susceptible bacteria. MIC values for individual substance...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Phenotypic Plasticity of Staphylococcus aureus in Liquid Medium Containing Vancomycin
Conclusion We chose vancomycin as an environmental stress factor to study the phenotypic plasticity of S. aureus. A bivariate GWAS was used to identify potential SNPs and genes responsible for growth plasticity. Our results provide an alternative strategy to dissect the adaptive growth of S. aureus in an antibiotic environment and highlight the feasibility of bivariate GWAS in the phenotypic plasticity research of bacteria. Author Contributions YJ and XH conceived and designed the experiments. MR, XZ, and JB performed the experiments. MY, XX, and YJ analyzed the data. MR and YJ wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Antibiotics for preventing lower respiratory tract infections in high-risk children aged 12 years and under.
CONCLUSIONS: There is inconclusive evidence that antibiotic prophylaxis in certain groups of high-risk children can reduce pneumonia, exacerbations, hospital admission and mortality in certain conditions. However, limitations in the evidence base mean more clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of antibiotics for preventing LRTIs in children at high risk should be conducted. Specifically, clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of antibiotics for preventing LRTIs in congenital heart disease, metabolic disease, endocrine and renal disorders, neurological disease or prematurity should be a priority. PMID: 26408...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 26, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Onakpoya IJ, Hayward G, Heneghan CJ Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research