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Cerebrovascular Collaterals Correlate with Disease Severity in Adult North American Patients with Moyamoya Disease BRAIN
CONCLUSIONS: As with Moyamoya disease in Asian patients, the presence of cerebrovascular collaterals correlated with the modified Suzuki score for disease severity in North American patients with Moyamoya disease. However, anterior choroidal artery changes, which correlated with increased rates of hemorrhage in Asian studies, were not specific to hemorrhage in North Americans.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - July 15, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Strother, M. K., Anderson, M. D., Singer, R. J., Du, L., Moore, R. D., Shyr, Y., Ladner, T. R., Arteaga, D., Day, M. A., Clemmons, P. F., Donahue, M. J. Tags: BRAIN Source Type: research

Image-based immersed boundary model of the aortic root.
Abstract Each year, approximately 300,000 heart valve repair or replacement procedures are performed worldwide, including approximately 70,000 aortic valve replacement surgeries in the United States alone. Computational platforms for simulating cardiovascular devices such as prosthetic heart valves promise to improve device design and assist in treatment planning, including patient-specific device selection. This paper describes progress in constructing anatomically and physiologically realistic immersed boundary (IB) models of the dynamics of the aortic root and ascending aorta. This work builds on earlier IB mod...
Source: Physica Medica - August 1, 2017 Category: Physics Authors: Hasan A, Kolahdouz EM, Enquobahrie A, Caranasos TG, Vavalle JP, Griffith BE Tags: Med Eng Phys Source Type: research

Modified Dual-Energy Algorithm for Calcified Plaque Removal: Evaluation in Carotid Computed Tomography Angiography and Comparison With Digital Subtraction Angiography
Objectives: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a valuable tool for the assessment of carotid artery stenosis. However, blooming artifacts from calcified plaques might result in an overestimation of the stenosis grade. The aim of this study was to investigate a new dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) technique with a modified 3-material decomposition algorithm for calcium removal in extracranial carotid artery stenosis. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective, institutional review board-approved study, 30 calcified carotid plaques in 22 patients (15 men; mean age, 73 ± 10 years) with clinical suspicion of st...
Source: Investigative Radiology - October 11, 2017 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches (ISCHEMIA) trial: Rationale and design
Conclusions ISCHEMIA will provide new scientific evidence regarding whether an invasive management strategy improves clinical outcomes when added to optimal medical therapy in patients with SIHD and moderate or severe ischemia.
Source: American Heart Journal - May 26, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Carotid endarterectomy in patients with recurrent symptoms associated with an ipsilateral carotid artery near occlusion with full collapse
ConclusionIn patients with RSNOFC, CEA may be considered a potential treatment option. Although procedural risks in this small subgroup may be higher as compared to patients with low-to-moderate risk anatomy, this risk may outbalance the natural course.
Source: Journal of Neurology - June 18, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Nutrition, risk factors, prevention, and imaging: The 2018 Mario Verani Lecture
AbstractHeart disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States since 1918. Cardiac mortality rates have dramatically decreased in this era of advanced medical and interventional therapies. However, this has been aptly described as “mopping up the floor instead of turning off the faucet.” With this recognition, prevention in cardiology is poised to become a central focus. Within prevention, dietary intervention is recognized as the single largest opportunity for improved cardiovascular outcomes, including improvement or el imination of cardiac risk factors, prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke and...
Source: Journal of Nuclear Cardiology - November 5, 2018 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research

Fool Me Once: An Uncommon Presentation of PE
​BY FREDDIE IRIZARRY-DELGADO; VAROON KAKAIYA; & AHMED RAZIUDDIN, MDAn 86-year-old African-American woman was brought to the ED by her daughter after two days of nutritional neglect, abdominal pain, and altered mental status. Her daughter said her mother felt lightheaded, appeared dehydrated, and vomited nonbilious watery fluid once. The patient had a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, DVT/PE, dementia, and early signs of parkinsonism.Her vital signs were remarkable only for tachypnea (24 bpm). Her troponin I was markedly elevated at 1.7 ng/mL. A D-dimer was ordered because of her history of unprovoked DVT/PE, and i...
Source: The Case Files - November 27, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

Not Just Acid Reflux: The Need to Think Worst First
Discussion Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.1 This year, 720,000 Americans will have a new coronary event—defined as first hospitalized myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary heart disease death—and around 335,000 will have a recurrent event. Approximately 35% of people who experience a coronary event in a given year and around 14% of patients who have an acute coronary syndrome will die from it.1 Roughly 60% of patients with an acute coronary syndrome are transported to the emergency department via ambulance.2–4. Up to one-third of patients experiencing an MI may not complain of chest...
Source: JEMS Special Topics - January 13, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Stephen Sanko, MD, FACEP Tags: Exclusive Articles Cardiac & Resuscitation Source Type: news

Computed tomography angiography-derived area stenosis calculations overestimate degree of carotid stenosis compared with North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial-derived diameter stenosis calculations
The degree of carotid artery stenosis, calculated using catheter-based angiography and the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) method, has been shown to predict the stroke risk in several, large, randomized controlled trials. In the present era, patients have been increasingly evaluated using computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) before carotid artery revascularization, especially as the use of transcarotid artery revascularization has increased. Interpretation of CTA findings regarding the degree of carotid stenosis has not been standardized, with both NASCET methods and the area stenosis used.
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - February 3, 2021 Category: Surgery Authors: Edward J. Arous, Dejah R. Judelson, Anushree Agrawal, Sathish K. Dundamadappa, Allison S. Crawford, Kimberly T. Malka, Jessica P. Simons, Andres Schanzer Source Type: research

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Using Cardiac CT Angiography and Intracardiac Echocardiography: A Prospective, Single-Center Study
CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac CTA-guided preprocedural planning resulted in accurate device sizing in this patient sample and may be used in conjunction with ICE and conscious sedation for a same-day discharge strategy in select patients.PMID:34619655
Source: The Journal of Invasive Cardiology - October 7, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steven J Filby Luis Augusto Palma Dallan Anthony Cochet Akihiro Kobayashi Guilherme F Attizzani Imran Rashid Sanjay Rajagopalan Mauricio Arruda Mehdi H Shishehbor Hiram G Bezerra Source Type: research

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