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Human Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells prevent acetaminophen-induced liver injury in a mouse model unlike human dermal fibroblasts
Arch Toxicol. 2022 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03372-5. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe persistence of hepatotoxicity induced by N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (Acetaminophen or Paracetamol, abbreviated as APAP) as the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States, despite the availability of N-acetylcysteine, illustrates the clinical relevance of additional therapeutic approaches. While human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown protection in mouse models of liver injury, the MSCs used are generally not cleared for human use and it is unclear whether these effects are due to xenotransplantation. Here w...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - September 4, 2022 Category: Toxicology Authors: David S Umbaugh Rupal P Soder Nga T Nguyen Olamide Adelusi Dakota R Robarts Ben Woolbright Luqi Duan Sunil Abhyankar Buddhadeb Dawn Udayan Apte Hartmut Jaeschke Anup Ramachandran Source Type: research

Adolescent exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and ethanol heightens sensitivity to fear stimuli
Behav Brain Res. 2021 Aug 10:113517. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113517. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCannabis use disorder (CUD) has doubled in prevalence over the past decade as a nation-wide trend toward legalization allows for increased drug accessibility. As a result, marijuana has become the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States particularly among the adolescent population. This is especially concerning since there is greater risk for the harmful side effects of drug use during this developmental period due to ongoing brain maturation. Increasing evidence indicates that CUD often occurs along with other d...
Source: Brain Research - August 14, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Cora E Smiley Heyam K Saleh Katherine E Nimchuk Constanza Garcia-Keller Justin T Gass Source Type: research

N-acetylcysteine for non-paracetamol (acetaminophen)-related acute liver failure.
CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence is inconclusive regarding the effect of N-acetylcysteine compared with placebo or no N-acetylcysteine, as an adjunct to usual care, on mortality or transplant rate in non-paracetamol-induced acute liver failure. Current evidence does not support the guideline suggestion to use N-acetylcysteine in adults with non-paracetamol-related acute liver failure, nor the rising use observed in clinical practice. The uncertainty based on current scanty evidence warrants additional randomised clinical trials with non-paracetamol-related acute liver failure evaluating N-acetylcysteine versus placebo, ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 9, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Siu JT, Nguyen T, Turgeon RD Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Auranofin, an Anti-rheumatic Gold Drug, Aggravates the Radiation-Induced Acute Intestinal Injury in Mice
Conclusion In this study, we found that a non-toxic dose of auranofin significantly aggravated the severity of the radiation-induced intestinal injury. This suggests that auranofin treatment can be an independent factor that influences the risk of intestinal complications after pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy. Ethics Statement All the protocols used in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Korean Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (IACUC permit number: KIRAMS217-0007). Author Contributions H-JL, JS, and Y-BL designed the experiments. EL and JK conducted the exp...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Sanguinarine Induces Apoptosis Pathway in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines via Inhibition of the JaK2/STAT3 Signaling
In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of SNG in a panel of MM cell lines (U266, IM9, MM1S, and RPMI-8226). SNG treatment of MM cells resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability through mitochondrial membrane potential loss and activation of caspase 3, 9, and cleavage of PARP. Pre-treatment of MM cells with a universal caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, prevented SNG mediated loss of cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase activation, confirming that SNG-mediated apoptosis is caspase-dependent. The SNG-mediated apoptosis appears to be resulted from suppres...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current and Emerging Pharmacotherapies for Cessation of Tobacco Smoking
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Source: Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy - November 1, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Nieves G ómez‐Coronado, Adam J. Walker, Michael Berk, Seetal Dodd Tags: Review of Therapeutics Source Type: research