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Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Improve How We Understand, Teach, and Assess Clinical Reasoning
Clinical reasoning is essential to the practice of medicine. There have been many advances in the understanding of clinical reasoning and its assessment, yet current approaches have a number of important limitations. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is promising because it permits investigators to directly view the neuroanatomical changes that occur with thinking. In this article, we briefly review current approaches to assessing clinical reasoning, discuss the emerging role and utility of fMRI in understanding clinical reasoning, and suggest directions for future research, continuing education, and practice.
Source: Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions - March 19, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Steven J. Durning, Michelle Costanzo, Anthony R. Artino, Cees Vleuten, Thomas J. Beckman, Eric Holmboe, Michael J. Roy, Lambert Schuwirth Tags: Methodology Source Type: research

Psychosis in a Child with Atypical Autism: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Association of Psychosis and Autism
Conclusion In cases of childhood psychosis, the clinician should maintain a high suspicion of COS. In cases of ASD, a careful and detailed history of early development and course of illness should be obtained to identify or rule out any symptoms of psychosis, as there is a strong link between schizophrenia and ASD. Distinguishing symptoms of psychosis from other symptoms of ASD is critical for optimal treatment in this challenging group of pediatric patients. References Kraepelin E. Psychiatrie. 8 Auflage Leipzig, Austria: Barth; 1909. English translation and adaptation by Barclay RM, Robertson GM. Dementia Praecox and Pa...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Case Report Current Issue ASD association autism autism spectrum disorder psychosis Source Type: research

What is the Long-term Outcome of ACL Repair?
Discussion The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) “is an intra-articular but extrasynovial collagenous structure with limited healing capacity that originates in the posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and crosses into anteromedially to insert anterior into the intercondylar eminence of tibial articular surface.” It plays an important part as a mechanoreceptor particularly as a proprioceptor. Its main role is to prevent excessive anterior tibial translation, limits varus/valgus stress when the knee is in full extension and some rotary movements of the knee. There are ~120,000 surgeries per year m...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - November 11, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Real View Radiology—Impact on Search Patterns and Confidence in Radiology Education
Rationale and Objectives: Search patterns are important for radiologists because they enable systematic case review. Because radiology residents are exposed to so many imaging modalities and anatomic regions, and they rotate on-and-off service so frequently, they may have difficulty establishing effective search patterns. We developed Real View Radiology (RVR), an educational system founded on guided magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) case review and evaluated its impact on search patterns and interpretative confidence of junior radiology residents.Materials and Methods: RVR guides learners through unknown examinations by se...
Source: Academic Radiology - May 12, 2014 Category: Radiology Authors: Jared H. Bailey, Trenton D. Roth, Mark D. Kohli, Darel E. Heitkamp Tags: Recipient of the 2014 Memorial Award Source Type: research

Tracking longitudinal evolution of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using multimodal MRI (S13.005)
Conclusions:We found a significant progression of brain damage in ALS patients, evolving as a widespread structural network degeneration. Our results suggest that MRI provides a powerful tool to track in vivo the disease spreading evolution related to pathological propagation in ALS.Study Supported by: Italian Ministry of Health (#RF-2010-2313220).Disclosure: Dr. Ferraro has nothing to disclose. Ms. Agosta has received personal compensation for activities with EXCEMED - Excellence in Medical Education as a speaker. Dr. Spinelli has nothing to disclose. Dr. Riva has nothing to disclose. Dr. Falzone has nothing to disclose. ...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ferraro, P. M., Agosta, F., Spinelli, E. G., Riva, N., Falzone, Y., Doretti, A., Poletti, B., Silani, V., Falini, A., Comi, G., Filippi, M. Tags: Motor Neuron Diseases: Biomarkers, Outcome Measures, and Therapeutics Source Type: research

Canon Medical wins FDA nod for Vantage Galan 3T XGO MRI
Canon (NYSE:CAJ) Medical Systems said today it won FDA clearance for its Vantage Galan 3 tesla XGO edition magnetic resonance imaging system. The newly cleared system features the Saturn X gradient and a 30% improved signal-to-noise ratio, the the company claims, improving the resolution of brain diffusion weighted imaging. Canon said the system also features improved cardiac imaging capabilities including T1 mapping for more accurate imaging completed with fewer breath holds. “The new Galan 3T XGO Edition with Saturn X Gradient builds on the strengths of its predecessor and expands the versatility of MR even furth...
Source: Mass Device - February 12, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Fink Densford Tags: Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Imaging Regulatory/Compliance Canon Source Type: news

Use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in localized prostate cancer.
Authors: O'Connor L, Wang A, Walker SM, Yerram N, Pinto PA, Turkbey B Abstract Introduction: Prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used for localized disease mainly to detect intraprostatic lesions and to guide biopsies. despite its documented success in clinical practice, limitations still exist for prostate MRI. In this review we discuss common clinical uses of prostate MRI, its limitations and potential solutions for those limitations.Areas Covered: Current uses of prostate MRI and challenges discussed. Literature search in PubMed was completed using the key words "prostate MRI, prostate cancer"....
Source: Expert Review of Medical Devices - April 12, 2020 Category: Medical Devices Tags: Expert Rev Med Devices Source Type: research

'Adversarial' search for neural basis of consciousness yields first results
NEW YORK CITY—Amidst rock music , a rap about consciousness, and the calling in of a 25-year-old drunken bet, camps backing two leading theories of how consciousness arises from the brain waited anxiously in a Greenwich village theater on Friday to hear who had won the first round of an ambitious “adversarial collaboration.” Three neutral judges chosen to help design the experiment and evaluate the results gave a qualified victory to advocates of the idea that consciousness is a feature of networks of neurons found at the back of the brain. But the opposing camp is far from ready to c...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - June 25, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

‘Adversarial’ search for neural basis of consciousness yields first results
NEW YORK CITY— Amid rock music , a rap about consciousness, and the calling in of a 25-year-old drunken bet, camps backing two leading theories of how consciousness arises from the brain waited anxiously in a Greenwich Village theater on Friday to hear who had won the first round of an ambitious “adversarial collaboration.” On balance, the initial results presented appeared to favor the idea that consciousness is a feature of networks of neurons found at the back of the brain. But the opposing camp is far from ready to concede. It still contends that consciousness emerges within the brain’s “e...
Source: ScienceNOW - June 25, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2006 emergency department summary.
This report presents the most current (2006) nationally representative data on visits to hospital emergency departments (ED) in the United States. Statistics are presented on selected hospital, patient, and visit characteristics. METHODS: Data are from the 2006 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), the longest continuously running nationally representative survey of hospital ED utilization. The NHAMCS collects data on visits to emergency and outpatient departments of nonfederal, short-stay, and general hospitals in the United States. Sample data are weighted to produce annual national estimates. ...
Source: National health statistics reports - November 12, 2014 Category: American Health Tags: Natl Health Stat Report Source Type: research

Abstract 5343: Continuing expression of SHP2E76K is required to maintain lung tumors induced by the active SHP2E76K mutant in transgenic mice
The SHP2 protein tyrosine phosphatase is activated by growth factor receptor oncogenes or by gain-of-function (GOF) missense mutations such as SHP2E76K in human cancer. To study the oncogenic function of GOF SHP2 mutants and the dependency of SHP2 mutant-induced tumors, we established transgenic mice containing the tetO-SHP2E76K transgene. tetO-SHP2E76K mice were bred to CCSP-rtTA mice to direct expression of the transgene in type II pneumocytes to assess the role of the SHP2 mutant in lung adenocarcinoma. When the CCSP-rtTA/tetO-SHP2E76K bitransgenic mice were induced with doxycycline (dox), they developed papillary adeno...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Schneeberger, V. E., Luetteke, N., Ren, Y., Foroutan, P., Martinez, G. V., Haura, E. B., Coppola, D., Wu, J. Tags: Carcinogenesis Source Type: research

Medical Therapy of Perianal Crohn's Disease
Conclusion: Antibiotics and several immunosuppressive drugs have improved the treatment of fistulizing CD and should be combined with surgical measures.Viszeralmedizin 2015;31:265-272
Source: Viszeralmedizin - September 5, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

MR safety assessment of active implanted medical devices. German version.
CONCLUSION: The test methods should be planned to be as conservative as possible to cover the worst case scenario. However, in vitro measurements and computer simulation are far from being able to cover all possible configurations in their complexity and uniqueness. For safer MR examinations, current research recommends in vivo testing prior to MR, parallel radiofrequency transmission techniques, and new sequences with reduced energy input in the presence of AIMDs. PMID: 31190100 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Der Radiologe - June 11, 2019 Category: Radiology Authors: Aissani S, Laistler E, Felblinger J Tags: Radiologe Source Type: research

MR safety assessment of active implantable medical devices.
CONCLUSION: The test methods should be planned to be as conservative as possible to cover the worst case scenario. However, in vitro measurements and computer simulation are far from being able to cover all possible configurations in their complexity and uniqueness. For safer MR examinations, current research recommends in vivo testing prior to MR, parallel radiofrequency transmission techniques, and new sequences with reduced energy input in the presence of AIMDs. PMID: 31321466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Der Radiologe - July 17, 2019 Category: Radiology Authors: Aissani S, Laistler E, Felblinger J Tags: Radiologe Source Type: research

Medical students' skills in research: unveiling their potentials. Shoulder MRI as a model
CONCLUSIONS: The agreement between the students and the orthopedic surgeon was highly significant. The intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities were also highly significant. Findings of the current study show that MRI series measurements can be performed with high accuracy after proper instruction is given to readers, regardless of their level of training.PMID:35179755 | DOI:10.26355/eurrev_202202_27998
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - February 18, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: A Khanfar B Al Qaroot L Alshabatat S Alarood Z Zurikat Source Type: research