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1{alpha},25(OH)2D3 and Skeletal Muscle Genomics and Proteomics
Muscle weakness and myopathy are observed in vitamin D deficiency and chronic renal failure, where concentrations of the active vitamin D3 metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), are low. To evaluate the mechanism of action of 1α,25(OH)2D3 in skeletal muscle, we examined mitochondrial oxygen consumption, dynamics, and biogenesis and changes in expression of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins in human skeletal muscle cells following treatment with 1α,25(OH)2D3. The mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) increased in 1α,25(OH)2D3-treated cells. Vitamin D3 metabolites lacking a 1α-hydroxyl ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 15, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ryan, Z. C., Craig, T. A., Folmes, C. D., Wang, X., Lanza, I. R., Schaible, N. S., Salisbury, J. L., Nair, K. S., Terzic, A., Sieck, G. C., Kumar, R. Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research

Correlation of Vitamin D and Body Mass Index with Modic Changes in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain in a Sub-Tropical Asian Population.
CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency and obesity have significant relations with LBP. Low vitamin D levels is associated with Modic changes but whether they represent a subgroup of patients whose low backpain is associated with low vitamin D needs to be further evaluated. PMID: 26949453 [PubMed]
Source: Asian Spine Journal - March 8, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Asian Spine J Source Type: research

Effect of Preoperative Vitamin D Levels on Functional Performance after Total Knee Arthroplasty.
CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that vitamin D deficiency has a negative effect on function in knee osteoarthritic patients. However, postoperative vitamin D supplementation can lead to functional recovery in these patients. Thus, TKA should not be delayed in vitamin D deficient patients; rather supplementation in the postoperative period is preferable to achieve comparable functional outcome at 3 months to patients with vitamin D sufficiency. PMID: 27247739 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery - June 2, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Clin Orthop Surg Source Type: research

Potential role for the VDR agonist elocalcitol in metabolic control: Evidences in human skeletal muscle cells
Publication date: March 2017 Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Volume 167 Author(s): Cristina Antinozzi, Clarissa Corinaldesi, Carla Giordano, Annalinda Pisano, Bruna Cerbelli, Silvia Migliaccio, Luigi Di Luigi, Katia Stefanantoni, Gabriella Barbara Vannelli, Salvatore Minisola, Guido Valesini, Valeria Riccieri, Andrea Lenzi, Clara Crescioli Vitamin D plays a pivotal role to maintain skeletal muscle integrity and health. Vitamin D deficiency characterizes inflammatory myopathy (IM) and diabetes, often overlapping diseases involving skeletal muscle damage. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonists l...
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - February 2, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

The establishment of tocopherol reference intervals for Hungarian adult population using validated HPLC method.
Abstract Evidence suggests that decreased α-tocopherol (the most biologically active substance in the vitamin E group) level can cause neurological symptoms, most likely ataxia. The aim of the current study was to first provide reference intervals for serum tocopherols in the adult Hungarian population with appropriate sample size recruiting healthy control subjects and neurological patients suffering from conditions without symptoms of ataxia, myopathy or cognitive deficiency. A validated HPLC method applying a diode array detector and rac-tocol as internal standard was utilized for that purpose. Furthermore, se...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - February 8, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Veres G, Szpisjak L, Bajtai A, Siska A, Klivényi P, Ilisz I, Földesi I, Vécsei L, Zádori D Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research

Update on recent progress in vitamin D research. Eldecalcitol(R) and fall prevention - Suzuki T.
In the elderly, vitamin D deficiency results not only in impaired bone mineralization, but also myopathy. Low vitamin D has also been shown to be associated with decline of muscle strength, sarcopenia, functional limitation, and disability. Several recent ...
Source: SafetyLit - October 30, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Ergonomics, Human Factors, Anthropometrics, Physiology Source Type: news

Effect of SLCO1B1 gene polymorphisms and vitamin D on statin-induced myopathy
Journal Name: Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy Issue: Ahead of print
Source: Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy - February 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Post-Mortem Detection of FLAD1 Mutations in 2 Turkish Siblings with Hypotonia in Early Infancy
Vitamin B2, or riboflavin, is the precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which serve as cofactors of flavoproteins, or flavoenzymes, that are involved in multiple cellular processes, including mitochondrial respiratory chain and degradation of fatty acids, some amino acids and choline, among others [1]. Inherited defects in electron tranfer flavoprotein (ETF, coded by ETFA and ETFB genes) and ETF dehydrogenase (ETFDH gene) have been shown to impair the relay of electrons from multiple mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases to the respiratory chain, resulting in multiple acyl-CoA dehy...
Source: Neuromuscular Disorders - May 31, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Y ılmaz Yıldız, Rikke Katrine Jentoft Olsen, Hatice Serap Sivri, Zuhal Akçören, Helle Highland Nygaard, Ayşegül Tokatlı Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Cholecalciferol in ethanol-preferring rats muscle fibers increases the number and area of type II fibers.
This study evaluated cholecalciferol effects on the deep fibular nerve and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle using an UChB ethanol-preferring rats model. Blood analyses were carried out to measure levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D), calcium (Ca2+), Phosphorus (P), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). It was used EDL muscle to evaluate oxidative stress. The deep fibular nerve and EDL muscle were used for morphologic and morphometric assessment. 25(OH)D plasma levels were higher in the supplemented group and no alterations were observed in other parameters including the oxidative stress evaluation. The G ratio rema...
Source: Acta Histochemica - September 14, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Guidi Pinto C, Colombo Marchi K, Amarante Arizza A, Silveira Leite AP, Tirapelli CR, Michelin Matheus SM Tags: Acta Histochem Source Type: research

Dietary Supplements and Cardiovascular Diseases
The market of nutritional supplements is expected to expand over 6%/year through 2018 due to growing interest in personal health, aging population, and promising personalized care products. The most used dietary supplements are fish oil, multivitamins, Vitamin D, and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in this order, while probiotics is the fastest growing supplement. In the U.S., over 68% of the population use dietary supplements regularly. On the other hand, in the developed countries, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of death and morbidity from the 1900s. The effects of most dietary supplements on cardiovascular risk ...
Source: International Journal of Preventive Medicine - September 22, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Diagnosis and Treatment of Mitochondrial Myopathies
AbstractMitochondrial myopathies are progressive muscle conditions caused primarily by the impairment of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the mitochondria. This causes a deficit in energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), particularly in skeletal muscle. The diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathy is reliant on the combination of numerous techniques including traditional histochemical, immunohistochemical, and biochemical testing combined with the fast-emerging molecular genetic techniques, namely next-generation sequencing (NGS). This has allowed for the diagnosis to become more effective in terms o...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - November 7, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurologic conditions and disorders of uremic syndrome of chronic kidney disease: Presentations, causes and treatment strategies.
Authors: Hamed SA Abstract INTRODUCTION: Uremic syndrome of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a term used to describe clinical, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities associated with progressive kidney failure. It is a rapidly growing public health problem worldwide. Nervous system complications occur in every patient with uremic syndrome of CKD. Areas covered: This review summarized central and peripheral nervous system complications of uremic syndrome of CKD and their pathogenic mechanisms. They include cognitive deterioration, encephalopathy, seizures, asterixis, myoclonus, restless leg syndrome, central pontine mye...
Source: Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology - December 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Novel Asp511Thr mutation in McArdle disease with acute kidney injury caused by rhabdomyolysis
We present the case of a patient with long-term idiopathic hyperCKemia who, after contracting an upper respiratory tract infection, developed severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. Upon hemodialysis, his renal function recovered and CK levels fell to below baseline, and maintenance therapy with vitamin B6 was also started. A molecular diagnosis of McArdle disease was subsequently made. Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous c1538delG (p.Asp511Thr fs*28) mutations in the PYGM gene, which was a novel mutation. Therefore, when investigating idiopathic hyperCKemia, glycogen storage disorders should also be considered.
Source: CEN Case Reports - March 20, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Health in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxilase Deficiency
Conclusions Increasing evidence indicates that CAH individuals are prone to develop a number of early CV risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation, increased IMT and subclinical cardiac dysfunction, already in childhood. The therapeutic management of patients with CAH remains a challenge and current treatment regimens do not always allow optimal biochemical control. Overexposure to glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids as well as to androgens may contribute to the development of unfavorable metabolic and CV changes, even though metabolic derangement in CAH patients may also ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 10, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

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