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OP-ED: Why Ending Child Marriage in Africa Can No Longer Wait
Seven month pregnant Debritu, 14, escaped from her husband after months of abuse. She is now homeless and is uncertain of the future for her and her baby. Several social, cultural, religious and traditional beliefs and norms are known to fuel the continuation of child marriage in Africa. Courtesy: Stephanie Sinclair/United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) By Julitta Onabanjo, Benoit Kalasa, and Mohamed Abdel-AhadJOHANNESBURG, May 28 2014 (IPS) Just 17 years old, Clarisse is already a mother of two, who lives with her husband and his four other wives in rural southern Chad. Three years earlier, she had watched her mom and si...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - May 28, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Dr. Julitta Onabanjo, Benoit Kalasa, and Mohamed Abdel-Ahad Tags: Africa Children on the Frontline Development & Aid Editors' Choice Education Featured Gender Headlines Human Rights Population Poverty & MDGs Projects Regional Categories TerraViva United Nations Women's Health child marriage Source Type: news

Is It Prime Time for Alpha2-Adrenocepter Agonists in the Treatment of Withdrawal Syndromes?
Abstract The need to treat withdrawal syndromes is a common occurrence in outpatient, inpatient ward, and intensive care unit (ICU) settings. A PubMed and Google Scholar search using alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist (A2AA), specific A2AA agents, withdrawal syndrome and nicotine, and alcohol and opioid withdrawal terms was performed. A2AA agents appear to be able to modulate many of the signs and symptoms of significant withdrawal syndromes but are also capable of significant side effects, which can limit clinical use. Non-opioid oral A2AA agent use for opioid withdrawal has been well established. Pharmacologic combin...
Source: Journal of Medical Toxicology - September 20, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Albertson TE, Chenoweth J, Ford J, Owen K, Sutter ME Tags: J Med Toxicol Source Type: research

Tobacco Education in U.S. Respiratory Care Programs
Conclusions: Similar to other disciplines, enhanced tobacco cessation education is needed in respiratory care programs to equip graduates with the knowledge and the skills necessary to treat tobacco use and dependence.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - September 1, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Hudmon, K. S., Mark, M., Livin, A. L., Corelli, R. L., Schroeder, S. A. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Dyskinesia in an unmedicated adolescent with a 5-year history of tobacco use: a case report
ConclusionIn addition to the documented symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, clinicians should look out for dyskinesia, which may be one of the rare symptoms of withdrawal in chronic tobacco users.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - August 15, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Becoming a Physician–Scientist: A View Looking Up From Base Camp
The process of becoming a physician–scientist is a long and often harrowing one. The author reflects on her own experience deciding to commit to a career as a physician–scientist and setting out on that career path. She identifies the largest challenges as the lack of clear direction to becoming a physician–scientist; the long lag time between the end of graduate medical education and becoming faculty, resulting in lower wages, less job security, and conflicts with personal goals; and a tension between traditional definitions of success and her own areas of interest. The author also reviews the advantages that led to...
Source: Academic Medicine - September 28, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Tags: Invited Commentaries Source Type: research

Save our nurseries: when the kids went to Westminster
Ryan, Daniel, Jacob, Sophia and Zach were probably some of the youngest campaigners at the Houses of Parliament last week. They were there (with their mums) to talk to MPs about keeping their nurseries open. The group of children, parents, UNISON organisers and staff from the nursery began the day at 5am, with a six-hour coach journey from Salford to London. When they arrived they were focused, placards in hand and ready for action Zoe Ireland and her daughter Alice queue up to enter the Houses of Parliament They were there because five council-run nurseries in Salford could be closed down. Two months ago the parents had r...
Source: UNISON Health care news - April 30, 2018 Category: UK Health Authors: Rosa Ellis Tags: Article early years education nurseries Salford unison in schools Source Type: news

Smokeless tobacco cessation interventions: A systematic review.
Abstract Background & objectives: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption is a global health issue with about 350 million users and numerous adverse health consequences like oral cancer and myocardial disorders. Hence, cessation of SLT use is as essential as smoking cessation. An update on the available literature on SLT cessation intervention studies is provided here. Methods: Through an extensive literature search on SLT cessation intervention studies, using keywords such as smokeless tobacco, cessation, interventions, quitlines, brief advice, nicotine replacement therapy, nicotine gum, nicotine lozenge, ni...
Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research - October 1, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nethan ST, Sinha DN, Chandan K, Mehrotra R Tags: Indian J Med Res Source Type: research

Electronic cigarette online marketing by New Zealand vendors.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the online marketing of e-cigarettes (ENDS) by New Zealand vendors lacks adequate information for consumers and does not effectively prevent access by children and young people. Careful monitoring of ENDS online marketing is required to inform policies that reduce the risk that children and non-smokers may experiment with ENDS. International health bodies and government policy-makers should actively consider regulations designed to reduce the risks that online ENDS marketing appeals to youth and adult non-smokers, and promotes experimentation. PMID: 31778369 [PubMed - in process]
Source: New Zealand Medical Journal - November 30, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: N Z Med J Source Type: research

University staff map out the challenges ahead
Proper funding for the UK’s higher education system, alongside pay and protecting pensions, will be the major topics when representatives of the sector’s workforce gather in Milton Keynes for UNISON’s higher education service group conference tomorrow. “At the start of 2020, there are key issues facing universities across the UK,”  says national secretary Jon Richards. “We need the government to commit itself to working with and supporting the higher education system – especially as it is one of the UKs most significant sectors of the economy.” With the UK due to leave the EU at the end of the month, “it...
Source: UNISON Health care news - January 15, 2020 Category: UK Health Authors: Tony Braisby Tags: Article News 2020 Higher Education Conference education services universities Source Type: news

IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 7970: Alignment of Medical and Psychosocial Sectors for Promotion of Tobacco Cessation among Residents of Public Housing: A Feasibility Study
s-Land Butz The inequity in cessation resources is at the forefront of the recently enacted US smoking ban in public housing facilities. This pre-post, non-randomized pilot study assessed the feasibility of a smoking cessation program targeting smokers in Baltimore City public housing. The study implemented a four-phased, 10-week, community-based cessation program using a joint academic–housing partnership that provided on-site cessation pharmacotherapy, behavioral counseling, and psychosocial/legal services. The community-led strategy involved: (1) two-week smoking cessation training for lay health wo...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - October 29, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Jassal Oliver-Keyser Galiatsatos Burdalski Addison Lewis-Land Butz Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

A service-learning experience in a free medical centre for undocumented migrants and homeless people
ConclusionThis research shows the importance of service-learning experiences made during academic studies from young students of medicine and other faculties. Developing a relationship with marginalized and homeless people, within a voluntary service setting, can influence the future professional and personal choices of students. Universities should recognize the value of such experiences and establish partnerships with non-profit organizations to allow future health professionals to confront health inequities and commit themselves to their reduction.
Source: Archives of Public Health - January 12, 2021 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Government plan to provide early years education on the cheap will hit  children and staff
Government plan to provide early years education on the cheap will hit children and staff, warns UNISON Responding to an Early Years Alliance survey issued today (Friday) showing strong opposition to a government proposal to increase the number of children nursery staff can care for, UNISON head of education Mike Short said: “This proposal offers no benefit to children or staff. “Short-sighted ministers are gambling with children’s development, life chances and safety. Demoralised workers already heading for the exit will feel they’ve made the right decision, while desperately needed new staff will be put off join...
Source: UNISON Health care news - May 20, 2022 Category: UK Health Authors: Garfield Myrie Tags: News Press release childcare alliance early years Mike Short Source Type: news

Nicotine promotes the utility of short-term memory during visual search in macaque monkeys
ConclusionsNicotine improves visual search, mainly by increasing the utility of short-term memory, with minimal changes in oculomotor parameters.
Source: Psychopharmacology - July 8, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The ubiquity of the fallacy of composition in cognitive enhancement and in education
AbstractResearch into cognitive enhancement is highly controversial, and arguments for and against it have failed to identify the logical fallacy underlying this debate: the fallacy of composition. The fallacy of composition is a lesser-known fallacy of ambiguity, but it has been explored and applied extensively to other fields, including economics. The fallacy of composition, which occurs when the characteristics of the parts of the whole are incorrectly extended to apply to the whole itself, and the conclusion is false, should be addressed in the debate on cognitive enhancement and within education. Within cognitive enha...
Source: Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics - October 23, 2022 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research