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Tangshen Formula Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Inducing Autophagy Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
Conclusion In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that autophagy was involved in relieving the effects of TSF against NAFLD, which were mediated by the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway (Figure 7D). These findings may improve our current understanding of the role of TSF in treating hepatic steatosis and provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of TSF in NAFLD and its related metabolic syndrome. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Co...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

AMP-activated protein kinase inhibits TGF-β-, angiotensin II-, aldosterone-, high glucose- and albumin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
In conclusion, AMPK activation might be beneficial in attenuating the tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by TGF-β, angiotensin II, aldosterone, high glucose and urinary albumin. PMID: 23324179 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology - January 16, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Lee JH, Kim JH, Kim JS, Chang JW, Kim SB, Park JS, Lee SK Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Interactions With Natural Killer Cells and Pro-angiogenic Activities: Roles in Tumor Progression
Conclusions MDSC are major players in the immunosuppressive scenario in cancer, thanks to their phenotype heterogeneity and critical interaction with several innate immune cells, thus representing a crucial target in oncology. Here we reviewed the interactions of MDSCs with NK cells. The contribution of key cytokines, chemokines and mediators active in this process have been discussed. We also described the contribution of MDSC on angiogenesis directly or indirectly through interactions with NK and immunosuppressive activities. A parallel of the cancer associated to the decidual counterpart of these cells is discussed, a...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 17, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Metformin promotes osteogenic differentiation and protects against oxidative stress-induced damage in periodontal ligament stem cells via activation of the Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
This study found that low concentrations of metformin did not affect cell proliferation but did inhibit adipogenic differentiation and promote osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. This positive effect was associated with activation of Akt signaling by metformin. Moreover, applying metformin as either a pretreatment or co-treatment could reduce the amount of reactive oxygen species, enhance antioxidant capacity, and rescue the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation that were negatively affected by H2O2-induced oxidative stress in PDLSCs. In addition, metformin was found to activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway in PDLS...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - November 8, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Jia L, Xiong Y, Zhang W, Ma X, Xu X Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research