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What We Learned About Genetic Sequencing During COVID-19 Could Revolutionize Public Health
You don’t want to be a virus in Dr. David Ho’s lab. Pretty much every day since the COVID-19 pandemic began, Ho and his team have done nothing but find ways to stress SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the disease. His goal: pressure the virus relentlessly enough that it mutates to survive, so drug developers can understand how the virus might respond to new treatments. As a virologist with decades of experience learning about another obstinate virus, HIV, Ho knows just how to apply that mutation-generating stress, whether by starving the virus, bathing it in antibodies that disrupt its ability to infect cells, ...
Source: TIME: Health - June 11, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 feature Genetics Magazine Source Type: news

Diagnostic accuracy of 3 urine lipoarabinomannan tuberculosis assays in HIV-negative outpatients
CONCLUSION Compared with AlereLAM, FujiLAM detected 5 times more patients with TB in HIV-negative participants, had a high positive predictive value, and has the potential to improve rapid diagnosis of TB at the point-of-care. EclLAM demonstrated that additional sensitivity gains are possible, which highlights LAM’s potential as a biomarker. Additional research is required to assess FujiLAM’s performance in prospective cohorts, its cost-effectiveness, and its impact in real-world clinical settings.FUNDING Global Health Innovative Technology Fund, the UK Department for International Development, the Dutch Ministry of Fo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 29, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Tobias Broger, Mark P. Nicol, George B. Sigal, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Alexandra J. Zimmer, Shireen Surtie, Tatiana Caceres-Nakiche, Anna Mantsoki, Elena Ivanova Reipold, Rita Székely, Michael Tsionsky, Judith van Heerden, Tatiana Plisova, Kinuyo Chikamatsu, To Source Type: research

The CXXC Motifs Are Essential for the Function of BosR in Borrelia burgdorferi
Discussion Structure-function analyses of numerous Fur proteins have revealed that Fur binds its target DNA as a dimer. Protein dimerization requires Zn, which is coordinated via the structural S1 site in the dimerization domain of Fur proteins. To date, it has been clearly demonstrated that different geometry and amino acid residues are used by Fur protein for coordinating Zn in the S1 site (Pohl et al., 2003; Lee and Helmann, 2006; Pecqueur et al., 2006; Traoré et al., 2006, 2009; Lucarelli et al., 2007; Ahmad et al., 2009; An et al., 2009; Carpenter et al., 2009; Jacquamet et al., 2009; Sheikh and Taylor, 2009;...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Cellular Immune Function in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) Research Ethics Committee (Ref. 6123) and the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) London-Bloomsbury Research Ethics Committee (REC ref. 11/10/1760, IRAS ID: 77765), with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the LSHTM Research Ethics Committee and the NRES London-Bloomsbury Research Ethics Committee. Author Contributions JC, HD, LN, EL, and ER devised the study ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Promoter Regions of Intellectual Disability-Associated Genes Are Uniquely Enriched in LTR Sequences of the MER41 Primate-Specific Endogenous Retrovirus: An Evolutionary Connection Between Immunity and Cognition
Discussion We have found that, in the human genome, the promoter regions of ID-associated genes are uniquely enriched in MER41 LTRs. More specifically, nine ID-associated genes that are putatively important in cognitive evolution exhibit MER41 LTRs in their promoter regions. As more than 100 families of HERV are integrated into our genome, it was important to determine whether our findings are specific to MER41 and to ID-associated genes, and if so to what extent. Among the 133 families of HERV explored here, MER41 is the only family whose LTRs were found with statistically high frequency in the promoter regions of ID-ass...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Maternal Exposure of BALB/c Mice to Indoor NO2 and Allergic Asthma Syndrome in Offspring at Adulthood with Evaluation of DNA Methylation Associated Th2 Polarization
Conclusions: Maternal exposure to indoor environmental NO2 causes allergic asthma-related consequences in offspring absent any subsequent lung provocation and potentiates the symptoms of allergic asthma in adult offspring following postnatal allergic sensitization and challenge; this response is associated with the Th2-based immune response and DNA methylation of the IL4 gene. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP685 Received: 19 June 2016 Revised: 07 June 2017 Accepted: 19 June 2017 Published: 13 September 2017 Address correspondence to N. Sang, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P...
Source: EHP Research - September 13, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research