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Specialty: Cardiology
Condition: Aortic Stenosis

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Total 670 results found since Jan 2013.

Valvuloplasty with a paclitaxel-eluting balloon prevents restenosis in an experimental animal model of aortic stenosis.
CONCLUSION: Use of a paclitaxel-eluting valvuloplasty balloon in an animal model of AS resulted in attenuated restenosis, secondary to decrease in valve proliferation and calcification. PMID: 25803975 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - March 26, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

Incidental left atrial blood cyst in a patient undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
We present the case of a 78-year-old woman with severe aortic stenosis, in whom a blood cyst was incidentally found in the left atrium upon transesophageal echocardiography. She underwent successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement without embolic complication. PMID: 25873801 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Texas Heart Institute Journal - February 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Suero G, Shah M, Hughes-Doichev R Tags: Tex Heart Inst J Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement The Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves (PARTNER) trial demonstrated that transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for high-risk patients with aortic stenosis resulted in similar outcomes at 1, 2 and 3 years compared with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The present study reports the 5-year outcomes of this trial. The study enrolled 699 patients who were randomized to SAVR or TAVR (via a transfemoral or transapical approach). Overall, mean age was 84.1 years, 94% were NYHA Class 3 or 4, and the mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk o...
Source: Heart - May 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Increased Stiffness Is the Major Early Abnormality in a Pig Model of Severe Aortic Stenosis and Predisposes to Congestive Heart Failure in the Absence of Systolic Dysfunction Heart Failure
Conclusion Increased stiffness is the major early pathological process that predisposes to congestive heart failure without abnormalities in systolic function and relaxation in a clinically relevant animal model of aortic stenosis.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ishikawa, K., Aguero, J., Oh, J. G., Hammoudi, N., A. Fish, L., Leonardson, L., Picatoste, B., Santos-Gallego, C. G., M. Fish, K., Hajjar, R. J. Tags: Heart Failure Source Type: research

Paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient severe aortic stenosis: a distinct disease entity
Low-flow, low-gradient (LFLG) severe aortic stenosis (AS), despite preserved LVEF, that is, paradoxical LFLG, is one of the most challenging entities in valvular heart disease.1 Hachicha et al were the first to report that patients with small aortic valve area (AVA) and preserved LVEF may concomitantly have an LF and thus often low gradient.1 This new entity is defined as an AVA ≤1.0 cm2 or indexed AVA ≤0.6 cm2/m2, a mean pressure gradient (MPG) <40 mm Hg, an LVEF ≥50% and a stroke volume index (SVi) <35 mL/m2. The most recent European2 and American3 guidelines have recognised parado...
Source: Heart - June 10, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Magne, J., Mohty, D. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Aortic valve disease, Right sided valvular heart disease, Clinical diagnostic tests Editorials Source Type: research

Development of paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient severe aortic stenosis
Conclusions LFLG-sAS is a distinct presentation of sAS preceded by a unique remodelling pathway and is uncommonly preceded by an HG stage.
Source: Heart - June 10, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dahl, J. S., Eleid, M. F., Pislaru, S. V., Scott, C. G., Connolly, H. M., Pellikka, P. A. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Echocardiography, Aortic valve disease, Clinical diagnostic tests Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

2-Year Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Surgical or Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
BackgroundThe U.S. pivotal trial for the self-expanding valve found that among patients with severe aortic stenosis at increased risk for surgery, the 1-year survival rate was 4.9 percentage points higher in patients treated with a self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve bioprosthesis than in those treated with a surgical bioprosthesis.ObjectivesLonger-term clinical outcomes were examined to confirm if this mortality benefit is sustained.MethodsPatients with severe aortic stenosis who were at increased surgical risk were recruited. Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to transcatheter aortic valve repl...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - July 6, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Is Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation as Cost-effective as Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement?
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as an efficacious and cost-effective treatment for inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis.1 For high-risk patients, existing evidence suggests that TAVI has similar peri-procedural mortality and stroke outcomes compared to surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR), with higher incidences of paravalvular leak, permanent pacemaker requirement and vascular injuries after TAVI and higher incidences of major bleeding after AVR.2 Regarding the cost-effectiveness of TAVI, a recent systematic review examining its incremental cost effectiveness ratio in relation to A...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - July 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Christopher Cao Source Type: research

Invasive hemodynamic assessments during transcatheter aortic valve implantation: comparison of patient outcomes in higher vs. lower transvalvular gradients with respect to left ventricular ejection fraction
Conclusion The higher mortality in patients with CLFLG AS reflects an advanced disease state, possibly indicating a futile condition before TAVI. Nevertheless, high procedural success rates and a functional improvement in nearly all survivors support the concept of TAVI.
Source: Clinical Research in Cardiology - July 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

How to define valvular atrial fibrillation?
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) confers a substantial risk of stroke. Recent trials comparing vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in AF were performed among patients with so-called "non-valvular" AF. The distinction between "valvular" and "non-valvular" AF remains a matter of debate. Currently, "valvular AF" refers to patients with mitral stenosis or artificial heart valves (and valve repair in North American guidelines only), and should be treated with VKAs. Valvular heart diseases, such as mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic insufficiency, do...
Source: Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases - July 13, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fauchier L, Philippart R, Clementy N, Bourguignon T, Angoulvant D, Ivanes F, Babuty D, Bernard A Tags: Arch Cardiovasc Dis Source Type: research

Clinical Value of Ankle-Brachial Index in Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis Patients.
CONCLUSION: Among asymptomatic AS patients, 35.8% had an abnormal ABI and this was related to previous diabetes. These patients walked less in the 6MWT but did not have a worse prognosis at follow up. PMID: 26204678 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Heart Valve Disease - July 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Heart Valve Dis Source Type: research

Aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis in octogenarians: Patient outcomes and comparison of operative risk scores
Conclusions These results suggest that AVR can be performed safely in selected octogenarians. EuroSCORE II and STS demonstrated superior calibration and should be the preferred tools for risk assessment, at least for this population.
Source: Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia - August 5, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Aortic Stenosis Valve Replacement or Valve Implantation? ∗
In this issue of the Journal, Tamburino et al. (1) have published a study that compares the clinical outcomes of aortic valve replacement (AVR) with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) at 1 year from the OBSERVANT (Observational Study of Effectiveness of SAVR–TAVR Procedures for Severe Aortic Stenosis Treatment) registry, which investigates the management of aortic stenosis (AS) in 93 institutions in Italy. The registry had 7,618 patients with AS (5,707 treated with AVR and 1,991 with TAVR). The investigators excluded 2,150 patients because of combined procedures, porcelain aortas, “hostile thorax,” nonfem...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - August 10, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Watchful observation versus early aortic valve replacement for symptomatic patients with normal flow, low-gradient severe aortic stenosis
Conclusions Early AVR and watchful observation strategy show similar survival in symptomatic patients with normal flow, low-gradient severe AS and preserved LVEF. Watchful observation with timely performance of AVR should be considered a therapeutic option.
Source: Heart - August 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kang, D.-H., Jang, J. Y., Park, S.-J., Kim, D.-H., Yun, S.-C., Song, J.-M., Park, S. W., Chung, C.-H., Song, J.-K., Lee, J.-W. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Aortic valve disease, Epidemiology Valvular heart disease Source Type: research

Low gradient severe aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fraction: reclassification of severity by fusion of Doppler and computed tomographic data
Conclusion The fusion AVAi reclassifies 52% of normal flow–low gradient and 12% of low flow–low gradient severe AS into true moderate AS, by providing true cross-sectional LVOT area.
Source: European Heart Journal - August 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kamperidis, V., van Rosendael, P. J., Katsanos, S., van der Kley, F., Regeer, M., Al Amri, I., Sianos, G., Marsan, N. A., Delgado, V., Bax, J. J. Tags: Valvular heart disease Source Type: research