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Advanced molecular therapies for neurological diseases: focus on stroke, alzheimer's disease, and parkinson's disease
AbstractNeurological diseases (NDs) are one of the leading causes of disability and the second leading cause of death globally. Among these stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common NDs. A rise in the absolute number of individuals affected with these diseases indicates that the current treatment strategies in management and prevention of these debilitating diseases are not effective sufficiently. Therefore, novel treatment strategies are being explored to cure these diseases by addressing the causative mechanisms at the molecular level. Advanced therapies like gene therapy (gene ed...
Source: Neurological Sciences - September 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stem Cells for Cell-Based Therapies
The world of stem cells We know the human body comprises many cell types (e.g., blood cells, skin cells, cervical cells), but we often forget to appreciate that all of these different cell types arose from a single cell—the fertilized egg. A host of sequential, awe-inspiring events occur between the fertilization of an egg and the formation of a new individual: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are also called totipotent cells. The first steps involve making more cells by simple cell division: one cell becomes two cells; two cells become four cells, etc. Each cell of early development is undifferentiated; that is, it is...
Source: ActionBioscience - December 28, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Ali Hochberg Source Type: news

Neural stem cell‐based treatment for neurodegenerative diseases
Human neurodegenrative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are caused by a loss of neurons and glia in the brain or spinal cord. Neurons and glial cells have successfully been generated from stem cells such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs), and stem cell‐based cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases have been developed. A recent advance in generatioin of a new class of pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), derived from patients' own sk...
Source: Neuropathology - February 1, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Seung U. Kim, Hong J. Lee, Yun B. Kim Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Year in Review of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology
This past year saw multiple important advances in the field clinical cardiac electrophysiology. Seminal articles describing new anticoagulant drugs for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation were published. New results that raise questions regarding the safety of dronedarone and several new promising techniques in AF ablation were described. Important articles that refine our understanding of the risk of sudden death among Wolff-Parkinson-White patients were published. In the basic and translational sciences, the application of gene therapy to the study and potential treatment of arrhythmias was described, whereas geneti...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - February 11, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

New gene therapy reprograms brain glial cells into neurons
(Penn State) A new gene therapy can turn certain brain glial cells into functioning neurons, which in turn could help repair the brain after a stroke or during neurological disorders like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - November 5, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Recent advances in the therapeutic uses of chondroitinase ABC.
Abstract Many studies, using pre-clinical models of SCI, have demonstrated the efficacy of chondroitinase ABC as a treatment for spinal cord injury and this has been confirmed in laboratories worldwide and in several animal models. The aim of this review is report the current state of research in the field and to compare the relative efficacies of these new interventions to improve outcomes in both acute and chronic models of SCI. We also report new methods of chondroitinase delivery and the outcomes of two clinical trials using the enzyme to treat spinal cord injury in dogs and disc herniation in human patients. ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - August 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Muir E, De Winter F, Verhaagen J, Fawcett J Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Gene Therapy Approach with an Emphasis on Growth Factors: Theoretical and Clinical Outcomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases
This article mainly focuses on the delivering modes of genetic materials in the CNS, which includes viral and non-viral vectors and their application in gene therapy. Despite the many clinical trials conducted so far, data have shown disappointing outcomes. The efforts done to improve outcomes, efficacy, and safety in the identification of targets in various neurological disorders are also discussed here. Adapting gene therapy as a new therapeutic approach for treating neurological disorders seems to be promising, with early detection and delivery of therapy before the neuron is lost, helping a lot the development of new t...
Source: Molecular Medicine - October 16, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Della Grace Thomas Parambi Khalid Saad Alharbi Rajesh Kumar Seetha Harilal Gaber El-Saber Batiha Nat ália Cruz-Martins Omnia Magdy Arafa Musa Dibya Sundar Panda Bijo Mathew Source Type: research

Nanoparticle mediated gene therapy: a trailblazer armament to fight CNS disorders
Curr Med Chem. 2022 Jan 5. doi: 10.2174/0929867329666220105122318. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCentral nervous system (CNS) disorders account for boundless socioeconomic burdens with devastating effects among the population, especially the elderly. The major symptoms of these disorders are neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and cognitive dysfunction caused by inherited genetic mutations or by genetic and epigenetic changes due to injury, environmental factors, and disease-related events. Currently available clinical treatment for CNS diseases, i.e., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and brain tumor hav...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - January 6, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: None Annu Saleha Rehman Bushra Nabi Ali Sartaj Sanjula Baboota Shadab Md P K Sahoo Javed Ali Source Type: research