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Orally Administered Crocin Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through the Metabolic Transformation of Crocetin by Gut Microbiota
Conclusion Collectively, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic association studies provide evidence that the gut microbiota plays a vital role in the fate of crocin and crocetin in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, the cross-interaction between gut microbiota and crocin might mediate the activation of the cerebral-protective effect of orally administered crocin. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of ‘Institutional Animal Research Committee guidelines, Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University.’ The protocol was approved by the ‘An...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Discovery of Leonuri and therapeutical applications: From bench to bedside
Publication date: Available online 9 March 2018 Source:Pharmacology & Therapeutics Author(s): Yi Zhun Zhu, Weijun Wu, Qing Zhu, Xinhua Liu Despite several advances in percutaneous coronary intervention and the discovery of new drugs, the incidence of myocardial infarction and deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has not decreased markedly in China. The quality of life is affected seriously, which further results in great social and family burden. Many drugs, from the century-old aspirin to the newly FDA-approved Byvalson, have been proven to be effective in the treatment and prevention of CVD. As clinically...
Source: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - March 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Oral Cannabidiol Prevents Allodynia and Neurological Dysfunctions in a Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion In conclusion, our data demonstrate that mTBI causes late sensorial affective/cognitive deficiencies linked to altered neurotransmitter release at cortical level. Moreover, we showed that chronic CBD treatment reduces behavioral dysfunctions by restoring at least in part cortical biochemical processes. Taken together, our results suggest that CBD could represent a novel approach for the management of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with TBI. Author Contributions CB, LL, and RR conceived and designed the experiments. CB, MI, SB, FR, RI, and RM performed the experiments. GP, LS, SP, RR, LL, and IM analyze...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Role of flavonoids in thrombotic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases
AbstractThe failure of mechanisms of natural anti-coagulation either due to genetic impairment or due to severe external injuries may result in a condition called thrombosis. This is believed to be the primary cause for a variety of life-threatening conditions such as: heart attack, stroke, pulmonary embolism, thrombophlebitis, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The growing number of these incidents requires an alternative anti-coagulant or anti-thrombotic agent that has minimal side effects and improved efficiency. For decades, plant polyphenols, especially flavonoids, were known for their vital role in preventing various ...
Source: Inflammopharmacology - July 14, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ethnopharmacological importance and medical applications of Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Myrothamnaceae)-A review
ConclusionIt is envisaged that the current review will add value to more scientific research on M. flabellifolius and enhance/promote the increased interest in the sustainable commercialization of M. flabellifolius herbal tea as well as lead to the validation of unverified ethnobotanical claims.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - January 19, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Pharmacological Action of Kaempferol in Central Nervous System Diseases: A Review
In conclusion, we suggest that KPF and some glycosylated derivatives (KPF-3-O-rhamnoside, KPF-3-O-glucoside, KPF-7-O-rutinoside, and KPF-4′-methyl ether) have a multipotential neuroprotective action in CNS diseases, and further studies may make the KPF effect mechanisms in those pathologies clearer. Future in vivo studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of KPF action in CNS diseases as well as the impact of glycosylation on KPF bioactivity.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - January 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Pharmacological potential of JWH133, a cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist in neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases
Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 29:174398. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174398. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe pharmacological activation of cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2R) gained attention due to its ability to mitigate neuroinflammatory events without eliciting psychotropic activities, a limiting factor for the drugs targeting cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R). Therefore, ligands activating CB2R are receiving enormous importance for therapeutic targeting in numerous diseases including neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders as well as traumatic injuries and neuropathic pain where neuroinflam...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - August 1, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hebaallah Mamdouh Hashiesh Niraj Kumar Jha Charu Sharma Piyush Kumar Gupta Saurabh Kumar Jha Chandragouda R Patil Sameer N Goyal Shreesh K Ojha Source Type: research