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Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Circulation. 2021 Jun 21:CIR0000000000000988. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000988. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent complete and partial upper airway obstructive events, resulting in intermittent hypoxemia, autonomic fluctuation, and sleep fragmentation. Approximately 34% and 17% of middle-aged men and women, respectively, meet the diagnostic criteria for OSA. Sleep disturbances are common and underdiagnosed among middle-aged and older adults, and the prevalence varies by race/ethnicity, sex, and obesity status. OSA prevalence is as high as 40% to 80% in patients with ...
Source: Circulation - June 21, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yerem Yeghiazarians Hani Jneid Jeremy R Tietjens Susan Redline Devin L Brown Nabil El-Sherif Reena Mehra Biykem Bozkurt Chiadi Ericson Ndumele Virend K Somers American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Peripheral Vascular Diseas Source Type: research

The effect of a single nucleotide polymorphism of the CYP4F2 gene on blood pressure and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid excretion after weight loss
Background:Genetic background partly determines the efficacy of interventions to lower blood pressure (BP). The CYP4F2 and CYP4A11 enzymes are renal 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) synthases that regulate BP. Gene variants of CYP4F2 and CYP4A11 associate with hypertension and stroke. We showed that a gene variant of CYP4F2 but not CYP4A11 was associated with increased 20-HETE excretion and BP. Aim:To compare BP and 20-HETE responses in carriers of the CYP4F2 1347G/A polymorphism and controls CYP4F2-GG (wildtype), during weight loss. Methods:Volunteers genotyped as CYP4F2GA/AA (n = 26) and controls genotyped a...
Source: Journal of Hypertension - June 6, 2014 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Obesity Source Type: research

Weight Loss Is a Useful Therapeutic Objective
Publication date: February 2015 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Volume 31, Issue 2 Author(s): Caroline K. Kramer Overweight/obesity has been associated with increased risk for several conditions, including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and stroke. The morbidity associated with overweight and obesity translates into excess mortality risk, which is observed even when increased weight is not associated with metabolic abnormalities. The achievement of moderate weight loss, regardless of the treatment strategy, is associated with favorable clinical outcomes, including significant...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - February 6, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass alleviates hypertension and is associated with an increase in mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide in morbid obese patients
Conclusions: LRYGB resulted in a significant 24BP reduction and a substantial increase in MRproANP plasma concentrations in hypertensive, obese patients 6 weeks after surgery, suggesting a causal link between obesity–hypertension and altered release/degradation of cardiac natriuretic peptides.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - April 30, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Metabolic aspects and obesity Source Type: research

Endovascular Therapy for Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia
Opinion statement Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) most commonly occurs as a consequence of multivessel atherosclerotic disease of the mesenteric vasculature. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and advanced age, and women are more commonly affected than men. The clinical presentation of CMI is characterized by postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss. Left untreated, patients often develop severe malnutrition. Current consensus guidelines recommend secondary prevention medications such as statins and aspirin for all patients with known atherosclerosis to reduce the risk of stroke and MI...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - April 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Impact of Diet and Lifestyle on Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in humans, affecting more than 33 million people globally. Its association with complex, resource intensive medical conditions such as stroke, heart failure and dementia have had profound impacts across existing health care structures. The global prevalence of AF has enjoyed significant growth despite significant improvement in our armamentarium for arrhythmia treatment.Recent FindingsEfforts aimed at curtailing the incidence, prevalence, or progression of AF have prompted re-evaluation of traditional frameworks for understand...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 12, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Obesity paradox and cardiovascular diseases
Curr Cardiol Rev. 2022 May 14. doi: 10.2174/1573403X18666220514150051. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe present review summaries data describing the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular outcomes. Links between obesity and chronic coronary syndromes, acute coronary syndromes, coronary revascularization, ischemic stroke, heart failure, hypertension and atrial fibrillation were evaluated. Data from epidemiological studies, prospective studies with lifestyle modification or medical therapy, and results of the meta-analysis were evaluated. The majority of publications report the presence of an 'obesity paradox'. Acc...
Source: Current Cardiology Reviews - May 16, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Isayeva Ganna Shalimova Anna Source Type: research

Disturbed Sleep is Not Good for the Heart: A Narrative Review
Curr Cardiol Rev. 2022 Nov 30. doi: 10.2174/1573403X19666221130100141. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSleep-related breathing disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central sleep apnea (CSA), have a major impact on cardiovascular function. It has shown an association with hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and congestive heart failure (CHF). This review focuses on highlighting the relationship between sleep apnea and CHF. We discuss the underlying pathophysiology which involves the mechanical, neurohormonal, and inflammatory mechanisms; in addition, the similari...
Source: Current Cardiology Reviews - December 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Meet Patel Harshani Yarlagadda Shubekshya Upadhyay Ritesh Neupane Umer Qureshi Joseph D Raco Rahul Jain Rohit Jain Source Type: research

Peripheral artery disease: Update on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment
Med Clin (Barc). 2023 Jul 28:S0025-7753(23)00361-5. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2023.06.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPeripheral artery disease (PAD) is a condition related to atherosclerosis affecting >200 million people worldwide, and it increases cardiovascular morbidity (mainly from myocardial infarction and stroke) and mortality. Indeed, PAD patients are classified as patients at very high cardiovascular risk. The most common manifestation of PAD is intermittent claudication, which is associated with reduced mobility and leg pain. Nevertheless, asymptomatic PAD is the most frequent form of PAD worldwide; therefore, ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - July 30, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dar ío Mandaglio-Collados Francisco Mar ín Jos é Miguel Rivera-Caravaca Source Type: research