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Complications and outcomes after autoenucleation
Purpose of review: Autoenucleation has long been described in the literature, dating back as far as the 4th century AD. Within a 3-month period, two patients were admitted to our hospital after autoenucleation. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify trends in, risk factors for, and potential life-threatening complications of autoenucleation. Recent findings: Two adult Caucasian men were transferred from outside hospitals after autoenucleation. One patient's urine tested positive for methamphetamines, and the second patient had a history of schizophrenia. In both cases, imaging of the head and or...
Source: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology - July 1, 2015 Category: Opthalmology Tags: OCULOPLASTIC AND ORBITAL SURGERY: Edited by Richard C. Allen Source Type: research

Therapeutic hypothermia for acute brain injuries
Therapeutic hypothermia, recently termed target temperature management (TTM), is the cornerstone of neuroprotective strategy. Dating to the pioneer works of Fay, nearly 75 years of basic and clinical evidence support its therapeutic value. Although hypothermia decreases the metabolic rate to restore the supply and demand of O2, it has other tissue-specific effects, such as decreasing excitotoxicity, limiting inflammation, preventing ATP depletion, reducing free radical production and also intracellular calcium overload to avoid apoptosis. Currently, mild hypothermia (33°C) has become a standard in post-resuscitative care...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine - June 5, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Max AndresenJose GazmuriArnaldo MarínTomas RegueiraMaximiliano Rovegno Source Type: research

Contribution of Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage to Disease Progression in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— In cerebral amyloid angiopathy, leakage of meningeal vessels seems to be a major cause for recurrent intrasulcal bleedings, which lead to the propagation of cSS and indicate sites with increased vulnerability for future ICH. Intracerebral bleedings may also develop directly from or in extension of a cSAH.
Source: Stroke - May 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Beitzke, M., Enzinger, C., Wunsch, G., Asslaber, M., Gattringer, T., Fazekas, F. Tags: Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

CT within 6 hours of headache onset to rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage in nonacademic hospitals
Conclusions: Our results support a change of practice wherein a lumbar puncture can be withheld in patients with a head CT scan performed <6 hours after headache onset and reported negative for the presence of SAH by a staff radiologist in the described nonacademic setting.
Source: Neurology - May 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Blok, K. M., Rinkel, G. J. E., Majoie, C. B. L. M., Hendrikse, J., Braaksma, M., Tijssen, C. C., Wong, Y. Y., Hofmeijer, J., Extercatte, J., Kerklaan, B., Schreuder, T. H. C. M. L., ten Holter, S., Verheul, F., Harlaar, L., Pruissen, D. M. O., Kwa, V. I. Tags: All Headache, Diagnostic test assessment, CT, Subarachnoid hemorrhage ARTICLE Source Type: research

Higher ratio of ischemic stroke to hemorrhagic stroke in summer
ConclusionsSeasonal variations differed among stroke subtypes. The OR for CH/CeI and for SAH/CeI was lower in summer and higher in the rest of seasons independent of age, gender, and risk factors.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica - April 9, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: K. Shigematsu, Y. Watanabe, H. Nakano, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

MRI features in ischemic stroke patients with early epileptic seizures (P3.121)
CONCLUSIONS:The ES after stroke are associated with cortical location of ischemic focus and WML. Differences in focus location in ES patients with right carotid stroke and matched controls were revealed. Study Supported by: Disclosure: Dr. Guekht has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yakovlev has nothing to disclose. Dr. Danilova has nothing to disclose. Dr. Luzin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gaskin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kamalov has nothing to disclose. Dr. Khasanova has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Guekht, A. B., Yakovlev, A., Danilova, T., Luzin, R., Gaskin, V., Kamalov, I., Khasanova, D. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Miscellany Source Type: research

Port Harcourt Stroke Registry: A Prospective Hospital Based Study. (P1.074)
CONCLUSION: This Stroke Registry, first of its kind from this region of Nigeria presents a handy tool to track the epidemiology of stroke in this region. It will contribute to stroke prevention by providing the evidence required to formulate policies and measures required to control identified risk factors.Disclosure: Dr. Okunoye has nothing to disclose. Dr. Asekomeh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Iyagba has nothing to disclose. Dr. Onwuchekwa has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Okunoye, C., Asekomeh, G., Iyagba, A., Onwuchekwa, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Correlating Cerebral 18 FDG PET-CT Patterns with Histological Analysis During Early Brain Injury in a Rat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model
Abstract Early brain injury (EBI) plays a significant role in poor outcomes for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. Further investigations are required to characterize the cellular metabolic and related histological changes that may contribute to EBI following SAH. We investigated the image patterns of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18FDG PET-CT) during EBI and correlated histopathological changes utilizing a rat SAH model. SAH was induced in six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by endovascular perforation, and animals were randomly assigned to receive 18FDG PET-CT imagin...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Lower hazard ratio for death in women with cerebral hemorrhage
ConclusionWe evaluated HR for death comparing men to women in stroke and in each stroke subtype. Women with CH had lower HR for death within 30 days after stroke than men.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica - February 3, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: K. Shigematsu, Y. Watanabe, H. Nakano, Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

In‐hospital C‐reactive protein predicts outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage treated by endovascular coiling
ConclusionEarly CRP values can perhaps be used as a prognostic factor for long‐term neurological outcome prediction after endovascular treatment of aSAH.
Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica - January 18, 2015 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: L. Z. CSAJBOK, K. NYLÉN, M. ÖST, H. SONANDER, B. NELLGÅRD Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

CSF and Serum Biomarkers Focusing on Cerebral Vasospasm and Ischemia after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Authors: Jung CS, Lange B, Zimmermann M, Seifert V Abstract Delayed cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) remain severe complications after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Although focal changes in cerebral metabolism indicating ischemia are detectable by microdialysis, routinely used biomarkers are missing. We therefore sought to evaluate a panel of possible global markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients after SAH. CSF and serum of SAH patients were analyzed retrospectively. In CSF, levels of inhibitory, excitatory, and structural amino acids were detected by high-performan...
Source: Stroke Research and Treatment - December 2, 2014 Category: Neurology Tags: Stroke Res Treat Source Type: research

Cost-Effectiveness of Angiographic Imaging in Isolated Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— CTA without follow-up imaging is the optimal strategy for evaluation of patients with perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage when modern CT scanners and a strict definition of perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage are used. Digital subtraction angiography and follow-up imaging are not optimal as they carry complications and associated costs.
Source: Stroke - November 24, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Kalra, V. B., Wu, X., Forman, H. P., Malhotra, A. Tags: Health policy and outcome research, Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Computed Tomography Abnormalities and Epidemiology of Adult Patients Presenting With First Seizure to the Emergency Department in Qatar / Epidemiología y Alteraciones en la Tomografía Computarizada de los Pacientes Adultos Atendidos por una Primera Crisis Epiléptica en un Servicio de Urgencias en Qatar.
ConclusionsAdults who presented with first seizure to the ED in Qatar had a young male predominance, and a high proportion of brain CT scans were reported as abnormal. It is recommended that all such patients in this population should undergo prompt CT scanning in the ED, but the utility of routine electrolyte tests requires further investigation. Resumen ObjetivosExisten poco datos de la región del Medio Este del mundo en pacientes atendidos con una primera crisis epiléptica. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes atendidos en el servicio de urgencias (SU) ...
Source: Academic Emergency Medicine - November 6, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Sameer A. Pathan, Salem Abosalah, Sana Nadeem, Amjad Ali, Asma A. Hameed, Mandar Marathe, Peter A. Cameron Tags: Original Contribution Source Type: research

Gyral Calcification in an Adult Masquerading as Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
An 85-year-old female with a medical history significant for coronary artery disease, status post pacemaker placement, and a prior stroke presented to an outside emergency department (ED) with complaints of lethargy, diaphoresis, dysarthria, and an episode of transient loss of consciousness at her nursing home. There was no history of trauma and she was not on any anticoagulants. A computed tomography (CT) scan was performed and read by the ED physician as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the left sylvian fissure, and the patient was emergently transferred to our hospital for further management with a tentative diagnosis of SAH.
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - November 5, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jacquelyn A. Corley, Manish K. Kasliwal, Roham Moftakhar Tags: Visual Diagnosis in Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Computed Tomography Abnormalities and Epidemiology of Adult Patients Presenting With First Seizure to the Emergency Department in Qatar.
CONCLUSIONS: Adults who presented with first seizure to the ED in Qatar had a young male predominance, and a high proportion of brain CT scans were reported as abnormal. It is recommended that all such patients in this population should undergo prompt CT scanning in the ED, but the utility of routine electrolyte tests requires further investigation. PMID: 25377404 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Accident and Emergency Nursing - November 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Pathan SA, Abosalah S, Nadeem S, Ali A, Hameed AA, Marathe M, Cameron PA Tags: Acad Emerg Med Source Type: research

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