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Nutrition: Sodium

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Impact of early initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor on cardiovascular outcomes in people with diabetes and known or at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Propensity score matched analysis
ConclusionEarly initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor was associated with lower MACE rates in T2D with known or at risk of ASCVD.
Source: PLoS One - November 4, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wen Sun Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 7174: Repurposing SGLT2 Inhibitors for Neurological Disorders: A Focus on the Autism Spectrum Disorder
l Akour Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantially increasing incidence rate. It is characterized by repetitive behavior, learning difficulties, deficits in social communication, and interactions. Numerous medications, dietary supplements, and behavioral treatments have been recommended for the management of this condition, however, there is no cure yet. Recent studies have examined the therapeutic potential of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in neurodevelopmental diseases, based on their proved anti-inflammatory effects, such as downregulating the express...
Source: Molecules - October 23, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mohammed Moutaz Nakhal Salahdein Aburuz Bassem Sadek Amal Akour Tags: Review Source Type: research

The Role of the Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Antagonist Finerenone in Cardiorenal Management
This article provides an overview of recent evidence of benefits on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes.Recent FindingsThe recently published phase III FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD, alone and pooled, in patients with CKD and diabetes demonstrate that finerenone reduces the composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) with hospitalization for HF being the primary driver of this composite.SummaryFinerenone is indicated to reduce renal and CV outcomes in patients with CKD and diabetes. Future investigations of this agent include patients with non-diabetic CKD, HF w...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - October 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: Impact on Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events
Heart Fail Clin. 2022 Oct;18(4):597-607. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2022.03.007.ABSTRACTSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) improve the risk for heart and kidney failure. However, their effects on major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) are less clear. Although outcomes trials of drugs for diabetes were not powered to prove superiority, the totality of trial data yields an estimate of ∼11% relative reduction for MACE (HR 0.89, 95%CI 0.82-0.96) and neutral on stroke (HR 0.92, 95%CI 0.79-1.08). In animal models, SGLT-2i favorably affects plaque size, composition, and inflammatory pathways; human data in ...
Source: Atherosclerosis - October 10, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Adam J Nelson Josephine L Harrington Ahmed A Kolkailah Neha J Pagidipati Darren K McGuire Source Type: research

First-Line Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists : A Cost-Effectiveness Study
CONCLUSION: As first-line agents, SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists would improve type 2 diabetes outcomes, but their costs would need to fall by at least 70% to be cost-effective.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: American Diabetes Association.PMID:36191315 | DOI:10.7326/M21-2941
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - October 3, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jin G Choi Aaron N Winn M Reza Skandari Melissa I Franco Erin M Staab Jason Alexander Wen Wan Mengqi Zhu Elbert S Huang Louis Philipson Neda Laiteerapong Source Type: research

SGLT2 Inhibitors Are Lifesavers in Heart Failure
The first three trials of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors investigating cardiovascular (CV) safety, as required by the Food and Drug Administration, all revealed an unexpected approximate 30% reduction in heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and at risk for CV disease.1 –3 However, these drugs were not associated with decreased stroke risk or reductions in myocardial infarction. These findings piqued the interest of HF specialists and led to clinical trials specifically investigating the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with HF (Fig. 1).
Source: Heart Failure Clinics - October 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ragavendra R. Baliga, Deepak L. Bhatt, Eduardo Bossone Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: Impact on Atherosclerosis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) improve the risk for heart and kidney failure. However, their effects on major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACE) are less clear. Although outcomes trials of drugs for diabetes were not powered to prove superiority, the totality of trial data yields an estimate of ∼11% relative reduction for MACE (HR 0.89, 95%CI 0.82–0.96) and neutral on stroke (HR 0.92, 95%CI 0.79–1.08). In animal models, SGLT-2i favorably affects plaque size, composition, and inflammatory pathways; human data in this regard are lacking. Ongoing trials are evaluating SGLT-2i efficacy i n ...
Source: Heart Failure Clinics - October 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Adam J. Nelson, Josephine L. Harrington, Ahmed A. Kolkailah, Neha J. Pagidipati, Darren K. McGuire Source Type: research

Antidiabetic agents and risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter: a comparative critical analysis with a focus on differences between SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists
Diabetes Metab. 2022 Sep 25:101390. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101390. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAtrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) is a common cardiac arrhythmia in patients with diabetes and is associated with an increased risk of morbidity, including ischaemic stroke and heart failure, and mortality. Different classes of glucose-lowering agents have shown distinct effects on the risk of stroke and heart failure. Their effects on cardiac arrhythmias such as AF/AFL have not been carefully investigated yet and even less their possible relationship with classical complications such as stroke and heart failure. The pre...
Source: Diabetes and Metabolism - September 28, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Andr é J Scheen Source Type: research

There is a Decreased Risk of Hospitalization from Heart Failure in Type II Diabetics Initiated on a SGLT2 Inhibitor When Compared to a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Dr. Huang Clinical question: Determine the cardiovascular risk outcome in type II diabetic patients initiated on an sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)  inhibitor versus a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Background: Various studies have suggested that several SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists may improve cardiac outcomes—myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiovascular death. Current guidelines recommend using either an SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist for patients with type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, there has been no st...
Source: The Hospitalist - September 1, 2022 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ronda Whitaker Tags: Diabetes Heart Failure In the Literature Source Type: research

High Blood Pressure and Diabetes Are Linked. Here ’ s How to Reduce Your Risk for Both
High blood pressure—also known as hypertension—and Type 2 diabetes are two of the most common medical conditions in the U.S. Unfortunately, they often occur together. Some research has found that 85% of middle-aged or older adults who have Type 2 diabetes also have hyper­tension, and both conditions elevate a person’s risk for heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. These increased risks are significant, and in some cases grave. Researchers have found that people with Type 2 ­diabetes are up to four times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than those who don’t have the conditio...
Source: TIME: Health - August 29, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Markham Heid Tags: Uncategorized Disease freelance healthscienceclimate Source Type: news