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Specialty: Chemistry
Condition: Obesity

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Total 36 results found since Jan 2013.

Role Of Glp-1 Analogs In The Management Of Diabetes And Its Secondary Complication
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2021 Apr 21. doi: 10.2174/1389557521666210422114909. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease and, stroke and retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are microvascular complications. While the newer therapies like glitazones or even dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors increase the risk of therapy, the Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs), were reported as suitable alternates. The GLP-1RAs reduce the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), have anti...
Source: Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry - April 23, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar B Premkumar Prabhawathi Veluchamy Pranav Kumar Prabhakar Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 7286: Anticancer, Cardio-Protective and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Natural-Sources-Derived Phenolic Acids
Saif A. Alharthy Phenolic acids (PAs) are one of the utmost prevalent classes of plant-derived bioactive chemicals. They have a specific taste and odor, and are found in numerous medicinal and food plants, such as Cynomorium coccineum L., Prunus domestica (L.), and Vitis vinifera L. Their biosynthesis, physical and chemical characteristics and structure–activity relationship are well understood. These phytochemicals and their derivatives exert several bioactivities including but not limited to anticancer, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, immune-regulatory and anti-obesity properties. They are strong...
Source: Molecules - October 26, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Afnan Ammara Saleem Muhammad Furqan Akhtar Ali Sharif Bushra Akhtar Rida Siddique Ghulam Md Ashraf Badrah S. Alghamdi Saif A. Alharthy Tags: Review Source Type: research

Insulin secretion and interleukin-1β dependent mechanisms in human diabetes remission after metabolic surgery.
Abstract To compare endocrine, metabolic, and inflammatory changes induced by gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to investigate the mechanisms of success after metabolic surgery. Sixteen GB and 16 SG patients were followed up before and at 1 year after surgery. The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed before and after surgery. Glucose homeostasis, serum interleukin-1β, plasma gut hormones and adipokines, and the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) ten-year cardiovascular risks were evaluated. The diabetes remission r...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - May 22, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chen CY, Lee WJ, Asakawa A, Fujitsuka N, Chong K, Chen SC, Lee SD, Inui A Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Mechanistic insights into mode of action of a potent natural antagonist of orexin receptor-1 by means of high throughput screening and molecular dynamics simulations.
Abstract Insomnia is one of the most common clinical problems being faced by people all over the world. It adversely affects the routine life of these patients giving rise to even other health issues like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, depression, heart attack, and stroke. Orexin receptor-1 (OX1R), a noteworthy drug target, when inhibited can promote sleepiness in people suffering from such conditions. OX1R is a G-protein coupled receptor which is conserved throughout the mammalian species and is located primarily in hypothalamus and locus coeruleus. The present study aims at identifying potent natural-origin in...
Source: Combinatorial Chemistry and High Throughput Screening - October 3, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Dhanjal JK, Grover S, Paruthi P, Sharma S, Grover A Tags: Comb Chem High Throughput Screen Source Type: research

Obesity, Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia as Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis Leading to Ischemic Events.
Abstract Atherosclerosis is a widespread disease of the arterial system that is generated by injury to the vasculature due to hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and inflammatory diseases. In the current review, we discuss the role of different risk factors, including obesity, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in atherosclerosis, which may ultimately lead to either cardiovascular or cerebral complication. Inflammation plays a pivotal role in conjunction with obesity, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in the etiology of atherosclerosis. We discuss the role of inflammation with regards to reactive oxygen spec...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - December 27, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mia-Jeanne VR, Pretorius E Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

LOX-1 in atherosclerotic disease.
Abstract Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) exhibits various biological activities and accumulates in atheromas. LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor) is the receptor that mediates oxidized LDL activity in vascular endothelial cells. Activation of LOX-1 results in oxidized LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and hyperlipidemia-induced vascular lipid deposition. We hypothesized that LOX-1 is a candidate risk factor beyond LDL cholesterol (LDLC) and developed a novel assay to quantify LOX-1 ligand containing apoB (LAB). In men from the United States, serum LAB showed a significant positive association with c...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - November 22, 2014 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sawamura T, Wakabayashi I, Okamura T Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Lipoprotein binding to anionic biopolyelectrolytes and the effect of glucose on nanoplaque formation in arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
We described extensively molecular composition, conformation, form and function of the macromolecule heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HS-PG). In two supplementary experimental settings (ellipsometry, myography), we utilized isolated HS-PG for in vitro nanoplaque investigations and isolated human coronary artery segments for in vivo tension measurements. With the ellipsometry-based approach, we were successful in establishing a direct connection on a molecular level between diabetes mellitus on the one side and arteriosclerosis/Alzheimer's disease on the other side. Application of glucose at a concentration representative for ...
Source: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science - February 19, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Siegel G, Mockenhaupt FH, Behnke AL, Ermilov E, Winkler K, Pries AR, Malmsten M, Hetzer R, Saunders R, Lindman B Tags: Adv Colloid Interface Sci Source Type: research

Apelin/APJ system: A novel promising therapy target for pathological angiogenesis.
In conclusion, the Apelin/APJ system would be a promising therapeutic target for angiogenesis-related diseases. PMID: 28025030 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - December 22, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Wu L, Chen L, Li L Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 258: Action of Phytochemicals on Insulin Signaling Pathways Accelerating Glucose Transporter (GLUT4) Protein Translocation
ury Hossain Diabetes is associated with obesity, generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress and redox imbalances which are implicated in the progression of micro- and macro-complications like heart disease, stroke, dementia, cancer, kidney failure and blindness. All these complications rise primarily due to consistent high blood glucose levels. Insulin and glucagon help to maintain the homeostasis of glucose and lipids through signaling cascades. Pancreatic hormones stimulate translocation of the glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4) from an intracellular location to the cell surface and facilitate th...
Source: Molecules - January 28, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Abu Sayem Aditya Arya Hamed Karimian Narendiran Krishnasamy Ameya Ashok Hasamnis Chowdhury Hossain Tags: Review Source Type: research

Uric acid and cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Uric acid (UA) is an end product of purine metabolism in humans and great apes. UA acts as an antioxidant and it accounts for 50% of the total antioxidant capacity of biological fluids in humans. When present in cytoplasm of the cells or in acidic/hydrophobic milieu in atherosclerotic plaques, UA converts into a pro-oxidant agent and promotes oxidative stress and through this mechanism participates in the pathophysiology of human disease including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most epidemiological studies but not all of them suggested the existence of an association between elevated serum UA level and CVD...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - May 24, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ndrepepa G Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Inhibition of the CD36 receptor reduces visceral fat accumulation and improves insulin resistance in obese mice carrying the BDNF-Val66Met variant Metabolism
This study addressed the effect of genetic variability in developing obesity and the efficacy of the inhibition of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a multifunctional receptor implicated in obesity and insulin resistance, in WT mice and mice with the BDNF Val66Met variant. CD36 inhibition by salvionolic acid B (SAB) in diet-induced obese WT mice reduced visceral fat accumulation and improved insulin resistance. The benefit of SAB was abrogated in CD36 knockout mice, showing the specificity of SAB. In addition, mice with the Val66Met variant in both alleles (BDNFM/M) fed a high-fat diet exhibited extreme obesity with in...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 24, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jiwon Yang, Keun Woo Park, Sunghee Cho Tags: Editors ' Picks Source Type: research