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Specialty: Cytology
Condition: Obesity

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Total 29 results found since Jan 2013.

Evidences that estrogen receptor α interferes with adiponectin effects on breast cancer cell growth.
Abstract Adiponectin, the most abundant protein secreted by adipose tissue, exhibits insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and antiproliferative properties. In addition, it appears to play an important role also in the development and progression of several obesity-related malignancies, including breast cancer.   Here, we demonstrated that adiponectin induces a dichotomic effect on breast cancer growth. Indeed, it stimulates growth in ERα+ MCF-7 cells while inhibiting proliferation of ERα- MDA-MB-231 cells. Notably, only in MCF-7 cells adiponectin exposure exerts a rapid activation of MAPK ph...
Source: Cell Cycle - December 12, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Mauro L, Pellegrino M, De Amicis F, Ricchio E, Giordano F, Rizza P, Catalano S, Bonofiglio D, Sisci D, Panno ML, Andò S Tags: Cell Cycle Source Type: research

Expression of MicroRNA-448 and SIRT1 and Prognosis of Obese Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that miR-448 and its target gene SIRT1 can serve as prognostic indicators for obese T2DM patients after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;45:935 –950
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - February 9, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Palmitate Activates CCL4 Expression in Human Monocytic Cells via TLR4/MyD88 Dependent Activation of NF- κB/MAPK/ PI3K Signaling Systems
Conclusion: Collectively, our results show that palmitate induces CCL4 expression via activation of the TLR4-MyD88/NF-kB/MAPK/ PI3K signaling cascade. Thus, our findings suggest that the palmitate-induced CCL4 production might be an underlying mechanism of metabolic inflammation.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;46:953 –964
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - April 18, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Thyroid hormone (T3) stimulates brown adipose tissue activation via mitochondrial biogenesis and MTOR-mediated mitophagy.
Abstract The thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) activates thermogenesis by uncoupling electron transport from ATP synthesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) mitochondria. Although T3 can induce thermogenesis by sympathetic innervation, little is known about its cell autonomous effects on BAT mitochondria. We thus examined effects of T3 on mitochondrial activity, autophagy, and metabolism in primary brown adipocytes and BAT and found that T3 increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial respiration as well as autophagic flux, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Interestingly, there was no significant induct...
Source: Autophagy - September 13, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Yau WW, Singh BK, Lesmana R, Zhou J, Sinha RA, Wong KA, Wu Y, Bay BH, Sugii S, Sun L, Yen PM Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

In vivo Activating Transcription factor 3 silencing ameliorates the AMPK compensatory effects for ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction during the progression of type-2 diabetes.
Abstract In obese Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, ER stress is associated with insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction; however the exact mechanisms by which ER stress drives type-2 diabetes remain uncertain. Here, we investigated the role of ATF3 on the preventive regulation of AMPK against ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction during the end-stage progression of hyperglycemia in ZDF rats. The impaired glucose metabolism and β-cell dysfunction were significantly increased in late-diabetic phase 19-week-old ZDF rats. Although AMPK phosphorylation reduced in 6- and 12-week-old ZDF rats was remarka...
Source: Cellular Signalling - August 2, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim JY, Park KJ, Kim GH, Jeong EA, Lee DY, Lee SS, Kim DJ, Roh GS, Song J, Ki SH, Kim WH Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

IL-1β-induced mesenchymal stem cell migration involves MLCK activation via PKC signaling.
This study increases our understanding of the mechanisms by which MSCs home to injury sites. PMID: 25333338 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - October 20, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Lin CY, Zu CH, Yang CC, Tsai PJ, Shyu JF, Chen CP, Weng ZC, Chen TH, Wang HS Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Shear Stress Modulates Resistin‐Induced CC Chemokine Ligand 19 Expression in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - February 5, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Hong‐Ren Yu, Mao‐Ling Sung, Hsing‐Chun Kuo, Chi‐Hui Lin, Cheng‐Nan Chen Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

De Novo Reconstruction of Adipose Tissue Transcriptomes Reveals Long Non-coding RNA Regulators of Brown Adipocyte Development.
Abstract Brown adipose tissue (BAT) protects against obesity by promoting energy expenditure via uncoupled respiration. To uncover BAT-specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), we used RNA-seq to reconstruct de novo transcriptomes of mouse brown, inguinal white, and epididymal white fat and identified ∼1,500 lncRNAs, including 127 BAT-restricted loci induced during differentiation and often targeted by key regulators PPARγ, C/EBPα, and C/EBPβ. One of them, lnc-BATE1, is required for establishment and maintenance of BAT identity and thermogenic capacity. lnc-BATE1 inhibition impairs concurrent activation of bro...
Source: Cell Metabolism - April 21, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Alvarez-Dominguez JR, Bai Z, Xu D, Yuan B, Lo KA, Yoon MJ, Lim YC, Knoll M, Slavov N, Chen S, Peng C, Lodish HF, Sun L Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research

Leptin Enhances ICAM-1 Expression, Induces Migration and Cytokine Synthesis, and Prolongs Survival of Human Airway Epithelial Cells.
Abstract There is rising interest in how obesity affects respiratory diseases, since epidemiological findings indicate a strong relationship between the two conditions. Leptin is a potent adipokine produced mainly by adipocytes. It regulates energy storage and expenditure and also induces inflammation. Previous studies have shown that leptin is able to activate inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and granulocytes, but little is known about its effect on lung structural cells. The present study investigated the effects of leptin on human airway epithelial cells by using human primary airway epithelial cells and ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 14, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Suzukawa M, Koketsu R, Baba S, Igarashi S, Nagase H, Yamaguchi M, Matsutani N, Kawamura M, Shoji S, Hebisawa A, Ohta K Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Elevated autophagy gene expression in adipose tissue of obese humans: A potential non-cell-cycle-dependent function of E2F1.
Abstract Autophagy genes' expression is upregulated in visceral fat in human obesity, associating with obesity-related cardio-metabolic risk. E2F1 (E2F transcription factor 1) was shown in cancer cells to transcriptionally regulate autophagy. We hypothesize that E2F1 regulates adipocyte autophagy and endocrine/metabolic function in obesity, representing non-cell-cycle function of this transcription factor. E2F1 protein (N=69) and mRNA (N=437) were elevated in visceral fat of obese humans, correlating with increased expression of ATG5 (autophagy related 5), MAP1LC3B/LC3B (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain ...
Source: Autophagy - September 22, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Haim Y, Blüher M, Slutsky N, Goldstein N, Klöting N, Harman-Boehm I, Kirshtein B, Ginsberg D, Gericke M, Guiu Jurado E, Kovsan J, Tarnovscki T, Kachko L, Bashan N, Gepner Y, Shai I, Rudich A Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

CCR4-NOT2 Promotes the Differentiation and Lipogenesis of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Upregulation of PPARγ, CEBPα and Inhibition of P-GSK3α/β and β-Catenin
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that CNOT2 promotes the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes via upregulation of PPAR#x03B3;, and CEBPα and inhibition of GSK3α/β and β-catenin signaling as a potent molecular target for obesity.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;37:1881-1889
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 17, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Modulation of primary cilia length by melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1.
We report here that MCH treatment significantly reduced cilia length in hTERT-RPE1 cells (hRPE1 cells) transfected with MCHR1. Quantitative analyses indicated that MCH-induced cilia shortening progressed in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 lower than 1nM when cells were treated for 6h. Although the assembly and disassembly of primary cilia are tightly coupled to the cell cycle, cell cycle reentry was not a determinant of MCH-induced cilia shortening. We confirmed that MCH elicited receptor internalization, Ca(2+) mobilization, ERK and Akt phosphorylation, and inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation in MCHR1-expressing hR...
Source: Cellular Signalling - March 2, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Hamamoto A, Yamato S, Katoh Y, Nakayama K, Yoshimura K, Takeda S, Kobayashi Y, Saito Y Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Palmitate-Induced MMP-9 Expression in the Human Monocytic Cells is Mediated through the TLR4-MyD88 Dependent Mechanism
Background/Aims: Obese individuals are known to have increased Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 plasma levels and MMP-9 is reported to play an important role in obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. Since in obesity, the levels of circulatory saturated free fatty acid (FFA) palmitate (palimitic acid) are increased and modulate the expression of inflammatory mediators, the role of palmitate in the regulation of MMP-9 remains unclear.Methods:Human monocytic cell line THP-1 and primary monocytes were stimulated with palmitate and TNF- α (positive control). MMP-9 expression was assessed with real time RT-PCR and ELI...
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - August 5, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Apelin protects against liver X receptor-mediated steatosis through AMPK and PPAR α in human and mouse hepatocytes.
Apelin protects against liver X receptor-mediated steatosis through AMPK and PPARα in human and mouse hepatocytes. Cell Signal. 2017 Aug 15;39:84-94 Authors: Huang J, Kang S, Park SJ, Im DS Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most commonly occurring chronic liver disease, and hepatic steatosis, a condition defined as extensive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, is associated with liver dysfunction and metabolic diseases, such as, obesity and type II diabetes. Apelin is an adipokine that acts on a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ, and has been established to play pivotal roles in var...
Source: Cellular Signalling - August 15, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Huang J, Kang S, Park SJ, Im DS Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Tetrahydroxystilbene Glycoside Improves Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Ameliorates Obesity-Associated Hypertension in Obese ZDF Rats Via Inhibition of Endothelial Autophagy
Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction in ZDF rats is partially attributable to excessive autophagy. TSG improves endothelial function and exerts hypotensive effectsvia regulation of endothelial autophagy.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;43:293 –307
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - August 30, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research