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Mediators of the Effect of obesity on Stroke and Heart Disease Risk: Decomposing Direct and Indirect Effects
CONCLUSIONS: High BMI in young adults increases the risk of metabolic mediators in their middle age, and metabolic mediators explain the adverse effects of high BMI on stroke risk than IHD risk.PMID:35781427 | DOI:10.2188/jea.JE20210476
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - July 5, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yongho Jee Mikyung Ryu In Sun Ryou Joung Hwan Back Sung-Il Cho Seung Sik Hwang Source Type: research

Serum metabolites and risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke: a targeted metabolomic approach in two German prospective cohorts
AbstractMetabolomic approaches in prospective cohorts may offer a unique snapshot into early metabolic perturbations that are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in healthy people. We investigated the association of 105 serum metabolites, including acylcarnitines, amino acids, phospholipids and hexose, with risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam (27,548 adults) and Heidelberg (25,540 adults) cohorts. Using case-cohort designs, we measured metabolites among individuals who were free of CVD and diabet...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - November 27, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Long-Term Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death With Outpatient Use of Clarithromycin: A Retrospective Cohort Study
AbstractIn a retrospective cohort study of patients enrolled in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink during 2000 –2013, we evaluated long-term risks of death, stroke, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in adults prescribed clarithromycin. Patients were outpatients aged 40–85 years, who were prescribed clarithromycin (n = 287,748), doxycycline (n = 267,729), or erythromycin (n = 442,999), orHelicobacter pylori eradication therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and either clarithromycin (n = 27,639) or metronidazole (n = 14,863). We analyzed time to death, stroke, or AMI with Cox proportional hazards...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - September 20, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Million hearts: prevalence of leading cardiovascular disease risk factors - United States, 2005-2012.
Abstract Each year, approximately 1.5 million U.S. adults have a heart attack or stroke, resulting in approximately 30 deaths every hour and, for nonfatal events, often leading to long-term disability. Overall, an estimated 14 million survivors of heart attacks and strokes are living in the United States. In 2011, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, in collaboration with nonprofit and private organizations, launched Million Hearts (http://www.millionhearts.hhs.gov), an initiative focused on implementing clinical and community-level evidence-based strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - May 30, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Ritchey MD, Wall HK, Gillespie C, George MG, Jamal A, Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, CDC Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Low HDL cholesterol is correlated to the acute ischemic stroke with diabetes mellitus
Background: To clarify the role of lipid composition in the occurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its influence factors. Methods: Data was collected from the patients hospitalization in Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from October 2008 to May 2012, which included AIS and non-AIS consist of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and Vertigo or dizzy. Lipid and other risk factors including blood glucose (BG), uric acid (UA), hypertension, DM and atrial fibrillation (AF) were investigated in relation to occurrence of AIS. Results: The level of high density lipop...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - November 14, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yun LuoJingwei LiJunfeng ZhangYun Xu Source Type: research

Adult height, coronary heart disease and stroke: a multi-locus Mendelian randomization meta-analysis
Conclusions:</strong> Taller individuals have a lower risk of CHD with potential explanations being that taller people have a better lung function and lower levels of body mass index, cholesterol and blood pressure.</span>
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - May 15, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Postmyocardial Infarction Statin Exposure and the Risk of Stroke with Weighting for Outcome Misclassification
Conclusion: Ignoring outcome misclassification yielded biased estimates whereas the use of the modified IPW approach produced encouraging results when compared with the meta-analytic RCT findings.
Source: Epidemiology - October 3, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Cardiopulmonary epidemiology Source Type: research

CDC Grand Rounds: Public Health Strategies to Prevent and Treat Strokes.
Abstract Worldwide, stroke is the second leading cause of death and a leading cause of serious long-term disability. In the United States, nearly 800,000 strokes occur each year; thus stroke is the fifth leading cause of death overall and the fourth leading cause of death among women (1). Major advances in stroke prevention through treatment of known risk factors has led to stroke being considered largely preventable. For example, in the United States, stroke mortality rates have declined 70% over the past 50 years, in large part because of important reductions in hypertension, tobacco smoking, and more recently, ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - May 12, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Authors: George MG, Fischer L, Koroshetz W, Bushnell C, Frankel M, Foltz J, Thorpe PG Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular mortality in statin non-users: a prospective cohort study in 14.9 million Korean adults
ConclusionLDL-C had U-curve associations for CVD mortality. The associations and optimal ranges differed across CVD subtypes. Women and older adults had weaker positive associations than men and younger adults. Positive associations with ischaemic heart disease and ischaemic stroke were maintained in adults aged 75 –84 years.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - February 26, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The Burden of Cardiovascular Disease Attributable to Major Modifiable Risk Factors in Indonesia.
CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of effective population-based prevention strategies aimed at reducing levels of major cardiovascular risk factors, especially blood pressure, total cholesterol, and smoking prevalence among men, could reduce the growing burden of CVD in the Indonesian population. PMID: 27021286 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - March 31, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Effect of statins on cardiovascular events in patients with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Conclusion: Statin therapy had a clear effect on cardiovascular disease, total mortality, stroke, and myocardial infarction in patients with mild to moderate renal disease. Subgroup analysis indicated that baseline GFR, baseline creatinine level, and a history of cardiovascular disease might play an important role in the cardiovascular outcomes.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - February 17, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Xiao ZhangChun XiangYu-Hao ZhouAn JiangYing-Yi QinJia He Source Type: research

Surveillance for certain health behaviors among States and selected local areas - United States, 2010.
This report presents results for 2010 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 192 MMSAs, and 302 counties. Results: In 2010, the estimated prevalence of high-risk health behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. In the following summary of results, each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for the disease, condition, or behaviors, as reported by survey respondents. Adults reporting good or better health: 6...
Source: MMWR Surveill Summ - May 31, 2013 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Xu F, Town M, Balluz LS, Bartoli WP, Murphy W, Chowdhury PP, Garvin WS, Pierannunzi C, Zhong Y, Salandy SW, Jones CK, Crawford CA, Division of Behavioral Surveillance, Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, CDC Tags: MMWR Surveill Summ Source Type: research

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