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Fasting may not be required before percutaneous coronary intervention
Commentary on: Hamid T, Aleem Q, Lau Y, et al.. Pre-procedural fasting for coronary interventions: is it time to change practice? Heart 2014;100:658–61. Implications for practice and research The results of this study suggest that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be safely conducted without preprocedural fasting. Revision is needed of current fasting protocols. The findings of Hamid and colleagues must be confirmed by further randomised trials. Context PCI is currently performed in hospitals around the world. This procedure is generally conducted with light sedation and local anaesthesia. Patients are rou...
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing - March 19, 2015 Category: Nursing Authors: de Aguilar-Nascimento, J. E., Feguri, G. R. Tags: Adult nursing, Pneumonia (infectious disease), TB and other respiratory infections, Stroke, Diet, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease, Cardiothoracic surgery, Vascular surgery Source Type: research

Coronary heart disease in moyamoya disease: are they concomitant or coincidence?
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of symptomatic coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). This retrospective study evaluated 456 patients who received examination for MMD between 1995 and 2012. We reviewed the patients' medical history and coronary imaging, including conventional coronary angiography and coronary computed tomography angiogram (CTA). Among 456 patients with MMD, 21 (4.6%) patients were found to have symptomatic CHD. Ten patients were treated with coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous coronary intervention for u...
Source: J Korean Med Sci - April 1, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Nam TM, Jo KI, Yeon JY, Hong SC, Kim JS Tags: J Korean Med Sci Source Type: research

0018 : Antithrombotic management in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing stent implantation: An assessment of the ESC guidelines adherence
Conclusion Guidelines for antithrombotic therapy in patients with AF who undergo PCI and stent implantation are still poorly followed in clinical practice. OAC underused was associated with an increased risk of death in this population.
Source: Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements - May 8, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Abstract 263: Incidence of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events and Disease Burden Among High-Risk Patients with Hyperlipidemia Session Title: Poster Session II
Conclusions: CV event-related risk and long-term costs are significantly greater among high-risk patients with shorter time intervals between recurrent CV events. Underutilization of LLTs in these patients highlights the need for improving clinical management and treatment options for these patients.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - April 29, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Punekar, R. S., Fox, K. M., Richhariya, A., Fisher, M. D., Gandra, S. R., Cziraky, M. J., Toth, P. P. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session II Source Type: research

Coronary artery bypass surgery continues to remain the treatment of choice for multivessel coronary artery disease even in the era of new-generation drug-eluting stents
Commentary on: Park SJ, Ahn JM, Kim YH, et al; BEST Trial Investigators. Trial of everolimus-eluting stents or bypass surgery for coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1204–12. Context Multivessel coronary artery disease (MVCAD) may be found in patients subjected to coronary angiography. It is treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The expanded use of PCI, following development of drug-eluting stents (DES), necessitated comparison of its outcomes with CABG (gold standard therapy). The SYNTAX (SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery) trial favoured...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - July 24, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Mohr, F. W., Davierwala, P. M. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease, Venous thromboembolism, Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics) Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Disease Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes: Prediction Models Using Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is not only a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD); it also worsens CHD prognosis. The study's purpose was to investigate comparative effectiveness of two major CHD treatment procedures - coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) - in a population of CHD patients with DM (CHD-DM), using an artificial intelligence tool - artificial neural networks (ANN) - and a traditional multivariable logistic regression (MLR).
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - August 21, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Alexander V. Sergeev, Gary R. Weckman Tags: Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke Source Type: research

Lean body mass index prognostic value for cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease
Conclusions Lower LBMI values are associated with adverse outcomes in an Asian population with CHD undergoing PCI. LBMI is a better predictor of MACE than BMI or FMI. Clinical trial registration UMIN-ID; 000010070.
Source: Heart Asia - August 26, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hioki, H., Miura, T., Motoki, H., Kobayashi, H., Kobayashi, M., Nakajima, H., Kimura, H., Mawatari, E., Akanuma, H., Sato, T., Ebisawa, S., Miyashita, Y., Ikeda, U., On behalf of the SHINANO registry investigators, On behalf of the SHINANO registry invest Tags: Open access Cardiac risk factors and prevention Source Type: research

A retrospective cross-sectional study on the association between tobacco smoking and incidence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and cardiovascular risk factors
Conclusion Cigarette smoking is associated with a fivefold increased risk of STEMI. Smoking cessation reduced this risk to a level similar to never-smokers.
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - September 2, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Steele, L., Lloyd, A., Fotheringham, J., Sultan, A., Iqbal, J., Grech, E. D. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease, Cardiothoracic surgery, Vascular surgery, Epidemiology Original article Source Type: research

Antithrombotic therapy in patients with combined coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation.
CONCLUSION: In each clinical scenario, the risks of coronary artery or stent thrombosis in CHD and risks of stroke in AF need to be carefully balanced against the risks of bleeding. We make recommendations for management based on the evidence which is available at this time and indicate the many gaps which are currently being addressed by randomised clinical trials. PMID: 26658287 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Panminerva Medica - December 15, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Panminerva Med Source Type: research

Incremental Value of the CRUSADE, ACUITY, and HAS-BLED Risk Scores for the Prediction of Hemorrhagic Events After Coronary Stent Implantation in Patients Undergoing Long or Short Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions Our analysis suggests that the CRUSADE score predicts major bleeding similarly to ACUITY and better than HAS BLED in an all-comer population with percutaneous coronary intervention and potentially identifies patients at higher risk of hemorrhagic complications when treated with a long-term dual antiplatelet therapy regimen. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00611286.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - December 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Costa, F., Tijssen, J. G., Ariotti, S., Giatti, S., Moscarella, E., Guastaroba, P., De Palma, R., Ando, G., Oreto, G., Zijlstra, F., Valgimigli, M. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Has the difference in mortality between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in people with heart disease and diabetes changed over the years? A systematic review and meta-regression
Conclusions The difference in outcome between PCI and CABG in diabetics has not narrowed from the beginning—with balloon angioplasty to current PCI—with the second generation of drug eluting stents. In contrast to the non-diabetics, there is a persistent 30% benefit in all cause mortality favouring CABG in diabetics, and this should be a major factor in treatment recommendation.
Source: BMJ Open - December 30, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Herbison, P., Wong, C.-K. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Source Type: research

Longer dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention has higher anti-ischaemic efficacy than shorter DAPT but is associated with more frequent bleeding
Commentary on: Spencer FA, Prasad M, Vandvik PO, et al.. Longer- versus shorter-duration dual-antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2015;163:118–26. Context Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin plus a P2Y12 receptor antagonist is recommended after drug eluting stent implantation (DES) for at least 12 months by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association1 and for 6–12 months by European guidelines. Recent randomised controlled trials (RCT) suggested comparable efficacy of short-term DAPT versus therapy o...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Navarese, E. P. Tags: Journalology, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease, Venous thromboembolism, Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Ethics Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

Supplemental oxygen in patients without hypoxia in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction increases myocardial injury and infarct size
Commentary on: Stub D, Smith K, Bernard S, et al.. AVOID Investigators. Air versus oxygen in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation 2015;131:2143–50. Context In patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), timely reperfusion, best obtained with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), is a mainstay to reduce infarct size (IS) and improve clinical outcome. Routine oxygen administration in normoxic patients with STEMI before pPCI, while mentioned by international guidelines,1 is not supported by randomised evidence. Stub and colleagues performed the AVOID study to compare...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Crimi, G. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Drugs: cardiovascular system, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease, Drugs: respiratory system Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

Stem cell mobilisation by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Long-term results of the REVIVAL-2 trial.
In conclusion, these long-term follow-up data show that G-CSF does not improve clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction. PMID: 26790705 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - January 21, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Steppich B, Hadamitzky M, Ibrahim T, Groha P, Schunkert H, Laugwitz KL, Kastrati A, Ott I, Regenerate Vital Myocardium by Vigorous Activation of Bone Marrow Stem Cells (REVIVAL-2) Study Investigators Tags: Thromb Haemost Source Type: research

Complete revascularisation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease: contemporary data in context
Commentary on: Engstrøm T, Kelbæk H, Helqvist S, et al.. DANAMI-3—PRIMULTI Investigators. Complete revascularisation versus treatment of the culprit lesion only in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease (DANAMI-3—PRIMULTI): an open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015;386:665–71. Context Primary percutaneous coronary intervention is recommended in patients presenting with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial infarction (STEMI).1 In 40–60% of STEMI patients there is disease in non-infarct-related arteries (IRAs).2 Such patients have higher ...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 21, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Banning, A. S., Gershlick, A. H. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Interventional cardiology, Ischaemic heart disease, Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics) Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

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