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Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome mimicking herpes simplex encephalitis: A case report
Radiol Case Rep. 2022 May 8;17(7):2428-2431. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.04.019. eCollection 2022 Jul.ABSTRACTMitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome presents with the features of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), which is rare and has been described in only a few case reports. Our case describes a 17-year-old female with no significant previous medical history presenting with an acute onset of fever, headache, and epilepsy, similar to HSE. Computed tomography of the brain showed bilateral basal ganglia calcification. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated gyriform...
Source: Herpes - May 23, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wen-Gao Zeng Wan-Min Liao Jue Hu Su-Fen Chen Zhen Wang Source Type: research

MRI Features of Stroke-Like Episodes in Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy With Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-Like Episodes
Mitochondrial myopathy encephalopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is an important cause of stroke-mimicking diseases that predominantly affect patients before 40 years of age. MELAS results from gene mutations in either mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA (nDNA) responsible for the wide spectrum of clinical symptoms and imaging findings. Neurological manifestations can present with stroke-like episodes (the cardinal features of MELAS), epilepsy, cognitive and mental disorders, or recurrent headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important tool for detecting stroke-like lesions, accurate ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 9, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Checkpoint inhibitor –induced autoimmune central nervous system disorder in patients with metastatic melanoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma
ConclusionsWe demonstrate that symptoms of immune checkpoint inhibitor –induced encephalitis can be unspecific, and radiological findings are often inconspicuous. Thus, cerebrospinal fluid analysis is the most important examination to achieve a correct diagnosis, which in turn is decisive for a rapid start of therapy.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology - March 11, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Nora M öhn, Kurt‐Wolfram Sühs, Yenny Angela, Martin Stangel, Philipp Ivanyi, Gernot Beutel, Ralf Gutzmer, Thomas Skripuletz, Imke Grimmelmann Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Checkpoint inhibitor induced autoimmune central nervous system disorder in patients with metastatic melanoma and Hodgkin lymphoma
ConclusionsWe demonstrate that symptoms of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced encephalitis can be unspecific and radiological findings are often inconspicuous. Thus, cerebrospinal fluid analysis is the most important examination to achieve a correct diagnosis which in turn is decisive for a rapid start of therapy.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology - February 15, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Nora M öhn, Kurt‐Wolfram Sühs, Yenny Angela, Martin Stangel, Philipp Ivanyi, Gernot Beutel, Ralf Gutzmer, Thomas Skripuletz, Imke Grimmelmann Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuromuscular and Muscle Metabolic Functions in MELAS Before and After Resistance Training: A Case Study
Conclusion To conclude, this study suggests a preserved plasticity in the skeletal muscle of a patient with MELAS. More importantly, Resistance Training appears to be a safe and effective method to increase skeletal muscle function in this patient population, and this effect is mediated by both neuromuscular and mitochondrial adaptations. However, particular attention and caution is needed in the interpretation of the data of this single case study and further studies are warranted including larger sample of patients. Ethics Statement For this case study the participant caregiver provided written informed consent. Auth...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

A Chinese Family With Adult-Onset Leigh-Like Syndrome Caused by the Heteroplasmic m.10191T > C Mutation in the Mitochondrial MTND3 Gene
Conclusion The m.10191T>C mutation in the mtDNA of the complex I (CI) subunit of MTND3 results in the substitution of a highly conserved amino acid (p.Ser45Pro) within the ND3 protein, leading to CI dysfunction through impaired enzyme catalysis rather than impaired stability or assembly, causing a broad clinical spectrum of disorders (26). Patients with the m.10191T>C mutation are rare. In the present study, we report on a family of patients with the extremely rare adult-onset Leigh-like syndrome with the m.10191T>C mutation. Including the two patients from our reported family, the m.10191T...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Magnetic resonance imaging of arterial stroke mimics: a pictorial review
AbstractAcute ischaemic stroke represents the most common cause of new sudden neurological deficit, but other diseases mimicking stroke happen in about one-third of the cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best technique to identify those ‘stroke mimics’. In this article, we propose a diagnostic approach of those stroke mimics on MRI according to an algorithm based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which can be abnormal or normal, followed by the results of other common additional MRI sequences, such as T2 with gradient recall ed echo weighted imaging (T2-GRE) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR...
Source: Insights into Imaging - June 22, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Neurologic involvement in scleroderma: A systematic review
Conclusions: Previously considered a rare event, nervous system involvement in scleroderma has been increasingly recognized. Seizures and headache are the most reported features in LS en coup de sabre, while peripheral and autonomic nervous systems involvement predominate in SSc. Moreover, recently, reports have frequently documented white matter lesions in asymptomatic SSc patients, suggesting smaller branches and perforating arteries involvement.
Source: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism - July 3, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Tiago Nardi Amaral, Fernando Augusto Peres, Aline Tamires Lapa, João Francisco Marques-Neto, Simone Appenzeller Tags: Connective Tissue Diseases Source Type: research