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New Cochrane health evidence challenges belief that omega 3 supplements reduce risk of heart disease, stroke or death
New evidence published today shows there is little or no effect of omega 3 supplements on our risk of experiencing heart disease, stroke or death.Omega 3 is a type of fat. Small amounts of omega 3 fats are essential for good health, and they can be found in the food that we eat. The main types of omega 3 fatty acids are; alpha ­linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).  ALA is normally found in fats from plant foods, such as nuts and seeds (walnuts and rapeseed are rich sources). EPA and DHA, collectively called long chain omega 3 fats, are naturally found in fatty fish, such as s...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - July 16, 2018 Category: Information Technology Authors: Muriah Umoquit Source Type: news

Effects of Nutritional Supplements and Dietary Interventions on Cardiovascular Outcomes: An Umbrella Review and Evidence Map.
Conclusion: Reduced salt intake, omega-3 LC-PUFA use, and folate supplementation could reduce risk for some cardiovascular outcomes in adults. Combined calcium plus vitamin D might increase risk for stroke. Primary Funding Source: None. PMID: 31284304 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - July 8, 2019 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Khan SU, Khan MU, Riaz H, Valavoor S, Zhao D, Vaughan L, Okunrintemi V, Riaz IB, Khan MS, Kaluski E, Murad MH, Blaha MJ, Guallar E, Michos ED Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

The association between dietary omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular death: the Singapore Chinese Health Study
Conclusions Higher intakes of marine (EPA/DHA) and plant (ALA) omega-3 fatty acids are both associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality in a Chinese population.
Source: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology - February 10, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Koh, A. S., Pan, A., Wang, R., Odegaard, A. O., Pereira, M. A., Yuan, J.-M., Koh, W.-P. Tags: Original scientific paper Source Type: research

Plasma Metal Concentrations and Incident Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Adults: The Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort
Conclusions: Our study suggested that incident CHD was positively associated with plasma levels of titanium and arsenic, and inversely associated with selenium. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings in other populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1521 Received: 22 December 2016 Revised: 17 September 2017 Accepted: 19 September 2017 Published: 19 October 2017 Address correspondence to T. Wu, or A. Pan, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hongkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China. Telephone: +86-27-83692347. Email: wut@mails.tjmu.edu.cn or p...
Source: EHP Research - October 20, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Seafood Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association.
on; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Clinical Cardiology Abstract Since the 2002 American Heart Association scientific statement "Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease," evidence from observational and experimental studies and from randomized controlled trials continues to emerge to further substantiate the beneficial effects of seafood long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. A recent American Heart Association science advisory addressed the specific effect of n-3 polyuns...
Source: Circulation - May 17, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rimm EB, Appel LJ, Chiuve SE, Djoussé L, Engler MB, Kris-Etherton PM, Mozaffarian D, Siscovick DS, Lichtenstein AH, American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Epidemiology and Prevent Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-3 fats on cardiovascular health to date. Moderate- and high-quality evidence suggests that increasing EPA and DHA has little or no effect on mortality or cardiovascular health (evidence mainly from supplement trials). Previous suggestions of benefits from EPA and DHA supplements appear to spring from trials with higher risk of bias. Low-quality evidence suggests ALA may slightly reduce CVD event risk, CHD mortality and arrhythmia. PMID: 30019766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - July 18, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, Biswas P, Thorpe GC, Moore HJ, Deane KH, AlAbdulghafoor FK, Summerbell CD, Worthington HV, Song F, Hooper L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Biomarkers of Dietary Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 30 Cohort Studies.
CONCLUSIONS: In pooled global analyses, higher in vivo circulating and tissue levels of LA and possibly AA were associated with lower risk of major cardiovascular events. These results support a favorable role for LA in CVD prevention. PMID: 30971107 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - April 10, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marklund M, Wu JHY, Imamura F, Del Gobbo LC, Fretts A, de Goede J, Shi P, Tintle N, Wennberg M, Aslibekyan S, Chen TA, de Oliveira Otto MC, Hirakawa Y, Eriksen HH, Kröger J, Laguzzi F, Lankinen M, Murphy RA, Prem K, Samieri C, Virtanen J, Wood AC, Wong K Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
In this interview with Dr. Lee Hooper we find out more about this new Cochrane review -Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseaseTell us about this Cochrane ReviewThere is a great deal of public belief in the cardiovascular benefits of omega-3 fats.   Intakes of long-chain omega-3 fats in the US are higher from dietary supplements than foods.  But public health advice differs across countries. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in the UK encourages people to eat oily fish intake (the major source of long-chain omega-3 f ats) but discourages supplementatio...
Source: Cochrane News and Events - February 5, 2020 Category: Information Technology Authors: Katie Abbotts Source Type: news

Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-3 fats on cardiovascular health to date. Moderate- and low-certainty evidence suggests that increasing LCn3 slightly reduces risk of coronary heart disease mortality and events, and reduces serum triglycerides (evidence mainly from supplement trials). Increasing ALA slightly reduces risk of cardiovascular events and arrhythmia. PMID: 32114706 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 28, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, Biswas P, Thorpe GC, Moore HJ, Deane KH, Summerbell CD, Worthington HV, Song F, Hooper L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

What to Know About High Triglycerides
Discussions about heart health often center around blood pressure and cholesterol, with factors like poor sleep, smoking, family history of heart disease, and chronic stress thrown in. However, there’s one variable that doesn’t get covered as often, even though it can be an important indicator of cardiovascular risk: triglycerides. “We don’t really talk about triglycerides very much, especially compared to cholesterol, but they’re actually an essential part of understanding heart health,” says Dr. Adriana Quinones-Camacho, a cardiologist at NYU Langone Health in New York. “For some...
Source: TIME: Health - May 23, 2023 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Elizabeth Millard Tags: Uncategorized healthscienceclimate heart health Source Type: news

Marine OMEGA-3 fatty acids in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Omega-6 (ω6) and omega-3 (ω3) fatty acids are two classes of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from linoleic acid (18:2ω6) and α-linolenic acid (18:3ω3), respectively. Enzymatic metabolism of linoleic and α-linolenic acids generates arachidonic acid (20:4ω6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω3; EPA), respectively, both of which are substrates for enzymes that yield eicosanoids with multiple and varying physiological functions. Further elongation and desaturation of EPA yields the 22-carbon fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (22:6ω3; DHA). The main dietary source of EPA and DHA for human cons...
Source: Fitoterapia - September 27, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mori TA Tags: Fitoterapia Source Type: research

The Omega-6:Omega-3 Ratio: A Critical Appraisal and Possible Successor
There is a growing interest in exploring the relationships between fatty acid (FA) status and clinically important health outcomes [1]. These include cardiac disease [2 –4], stroke [5], diabetes [6], cognitive function [7], and aging [8–10]. However, analysis of FAs is much more complicated than it is for other biomarkers like cholesterol or glucose. The latter analytes circulate in plasma as single molecular species whose concentrations can be easily measured by long-ago standardized enzymatic methods, and optimal levels are clearly defined after decades of research, either as a risk factor for a disease [e.g., corona...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids - March 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: William S. Harris Source Type: research

Reprint of: Marine OMEGA-3 fatty acids in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Omega-6 (ω6) and omega-3 (ω3) fatty acids are two classes of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from linoleic acid (18:2ω6) and α-linolenic acid (18:3ω3), respectively. Enzymatic metabolism of linoleic and α-linolenic acids generates arachidonic acid (20:4ω6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5ω3; EPA), respectively, both of which are substrates for enzymes that yield eicosanoids with multiple and varying physiological functions. Further elongation and desaturation of EPA yields the 22-carbon fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (22:6ω3; DHA). The main dietary source of EPA and DHA for human cons...
Source: Fitoterapia - April 12, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mori TA Tags: Fitoterapia Source Type: research

The Omega-6:Omega-3 ratio: A critical appraisal and possible successor
There is a growing interest in exploring the relationships between fatty acid (FA) status and clinically important health outcomes [1]. These include cardiac disease [2 –4], stroke [5], diabetes [6], cognitive function [7], and aging [8–10]. However, analysis of FAs is much more complicated than it is for other biomarkers like cholesterol or glucose. The latter analytes circulate in plasma as single molecular species whose concentrations can be easily measured by long-ago standardized enzymatic methods, and optimal levels are clearly defined after decades of research, either as a risk factor for a disease [e.g., corona...
Source: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids - March 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: William S. Harris Source Type: research

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