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Stem Cell Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases: What Does the Future Hold?
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. In Australia, one in six people are affected by CVD and a total of 4.2 million people are suffering from heart disease, stroke or vascular disease. Coronary artery disease affects around 1.2 million Australians, many of whom develop chronic heart failure as a result of ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The management of CVD has evolved tremendously in the past three decades, but the majority of treatments are not curative.
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - January 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hai-Ying Chen, Padraig Michael Strappe, Le-xin Wang Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Developments in the management of Chagas cardiomyopathy.
Authors: Tanowitz HB, Machado FS, Spray DC, Friedman JM, Weiss OS, Lora JN, Nagajyothi J, Moraes DN, Garg NJ, Nunes MC, Ribeiro AL Abstract Over 100 years have elapsed since the discovery of Chagas disease and there is still much to learn regarding pathogenesis and treatment. Although there are antiparasitic drugs available, such as benznidazole and nifurtimox, they are not totally reliable and often toxic. A recently released negative clinical trial with benznidazole in patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy further reinforces the concerns regarding its effectiveness. New drugs and new delivery systems, incl...
Source: Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy - February 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther Source Type: research

Changes in ventricular remodelling and clinical status during the year following a single administration of stromal cell-derived factor-1 non-viral gene therapy in chronic ischaemic heart failure patients: the STOP-HF randomized Phase II trial
Conclusions The blinded placebo-controlled STOP-HF trial demonstrated the safety of a single endocardial administration of pSDF-1 but failed to demonstrate its primary endpoint of improved composite score at 4 months after treatment. Through a pre-specified analysis the STOP-HF trial demonstrates the potential for attenuating LV remodelling and improving EF in high-risk ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The safety profile supports repeat dosing with pSDF-1 and the degree of left ventricular remodelling suggests the potential for improved outcomes in larger future trials.
Source: European Heart Journal - September 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chung, E. S., Miller, L., Patel, A. N., Anderson, R. D., Mendelsohn, F. O., Traverse, J., Silver, K. H., Shin, J., Ewald, G., Farr, M. J., Anwaruddin, S., Plat, F., Fisher, S. J., AuWerter, A. T., Pastore, J. M., Aras, R., Penn, M. S. Tags: Heart failure/cardiomyopathy Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells as a therapeutic tool for cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are adult stem cells that can be easily harvested from subcutaneous adipose tissue. Many studies have demonstrated that ADSCs differentiate into vascular endothelial cells (VECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo. However, ADSCs may fuse with tissue-resident cells and obtain the corresponding characteristics of those cells. If fusion occurs, ADSCs may express markers of VECs, VSMCs, and cardiomyocytes without direct differentiation into these cell types. ADSCs also produce a variety of paracrine factors such as vascular...
Source: World Journal of Cardiology - August 26, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Suzuki E, Fujita D, Takahashi M, Oba S, Nishimatsu H Tags: World J Cardiol Source Type: research

Stem Cell Factor Gene Transfer Improves Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction in Swine Original Articles
Conclusions— Local overexpression of SCF post-MI induces the recruitment of c-kit+ cells at the infarct border area acutely. In the chronic stages, SCF gene transfer was associated with improved cardiac function in a preclinical model of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - January 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ishikawa, K., Fish, K., Aguero, J., Yaniz-Galende, E., Jeong, D., Kho, C., Tilemann, L., Fish, L., Liang, L., Eltoukhy, A. A., Anderson, D. G., Zsebo, K., Costa, K. D., Hajjar, R. J. Tags: Angiogenesis, Myogenesis, Other Treatment, Acute myocardial infarction Original Articles Source Type: research

Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Effects of Stem Cell Therapy on Perfusion and Function in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Background: Small animal models of ischemic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction are important for the preclinical optimization of stem cell therapy. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that temporal changes in LV function and regional perfusion after cell therapy can be assessed in mice using echocardiographic imaging.Methods: Wild-type mice (n = 25) were studied 7 and 28 days after permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Animals were randomized to receive closed-chest ultrasound-guided intramyocardial delivery of saline (n = 13) or 5 × 105 multipotential adult progenitor cell...
Source: Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography - December 5, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yoichi Inaba, Brian P. Davidson, Sajeevani Kim, Ya Ni Liu, William Packwood, J. Todd Belcik, Aris Xie, Jonathan R. Lindner Tags: Coronary Perfusion and Function Source Type: research