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E-cigarettes '95% less harmful than smoking' says report
"E-cigarettes are 95% less harmful than tobacco and could be prescribed on the NHS in future to help smokers quit," BBC News reports. This is the main finding of an evidence review (PDF, 485kb) carried out by Public Health England, a government agency that aims to protect and improve the nation's health and wellbeing, and reduce health inequalities. What are e-cigarettes?Most e-cigarettes contain a battery, an atomiser and a replaceable cartridge. The cartridge contains nicotine in a solution of either propylene glycol or glycerine and water, and sometimes flavourings. When you suck on the device, a sensor d...
Source: NHS News Feed - August 19, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Lifestyle/exercise QA articles Source Type: news
Is incense smoke more dangerous than tobacco smoke?
Conclusion
This laboratory study found smoke from burning incense can produce fine particles and chemical compounds of a type that may irritate the lungs and damage health. This is not surprising, as most types of smoke indoors produces fine particles that are likely to have this effect, whether from cooking, smoking tobacco, or burning incense.
The suggestion that incense smoke might be more harmful than cigarette smoke needs to be treated with caution. The four incense stick samples had different effects when tested for the ability to mutate cell DNA and toxicity to cells. These were compared with just one cigarette. ...
Source: NHS News Feed - August 26, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Heart/lungs Source Type: news
How Air Pollution Contributes to Millions of Early Deaths
Outdoor air pollution leads to more than 3 million premature deaths each year, and more than two thirds of them occur in China and India, according to new research. The authors estimate that without government intervention, the total number of deaths could double by 2050.
The study, published in the journal Nature, identifies particulate matter as the prime pollutant leading to premature mortality. Particulate matter, a substance formed as a combination of different materials released into the air, is thought to be harmful to human health once it exceeds 2.5 micrometers in diameter. Researchers also identified ozone as a c...
Source: TIME.com: Top Science and Health Stories - September 16, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Justin Worland Tags: Uncategorized Air Pollution climate change early death Environment fertilizer particulate matter premature death public health Research Source Type: news
Socioeconomic inequalities in non-communicable diseases and their risk factors: an overview of systematic reviews
Conclusions:
The current evidence supports an association between socioeconomic inequalities and NCDs and risk factors for NCDs. However, this evidence is incomplete and limited by the fairly low methodological quality of the systematic reviews, including shortcomings in the study selection and quality assessment process.
Source: BMC Public Health - September 18, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Isolde SommerUrsula GrieblerPeter MahlknechtKylie ThalerKathryn BouskillGerald GartlehnerShanti Mendis Source Type: research
Potential Gains in Life Expectancy from Reductions in Leading Causes of Death, Los Angeles County: a Quantitative Approach to Identify Candidate Diseases for Prevention and Burden Disparities Elimination
Abstract
Despite overall gains in life expectancy at birth among Los Angeles County residents, significant disparities persist across population subgroups. The purpose of this study was to quantify the potential sex- and race/ethnicity-specific gains in life expectancy had we been able to fully or partially eliminate the leading causes of death in Los Angeles County. Complete annual life tables for local residents were generated by applying the same method used for the National Center of Health Statistics US life tables published in 1999. Based on 2010 Los Angeles County mortality records, sex- and race/ethnicity-...
Source: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities - October 1, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Smoking behaviour and knowledge of the health effects of smoking in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
ConclusionAlthough patients with Crohn's disease were better informed on the detrimental effects of smoking, the awareness rate was still low.
Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 5, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: C. De Bie, V. Ballet, N. Hendriks, S. Coenen, E. Weyts, G. Van Assche, S. Vermeire, M. Ferrante Tags: Original Scientific Paper Source Type: research
Clinical Reasoning: A 68-year-old man with a history of lung cancer presenting with right-sided weakness and aphasia
A 68-year-old man with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on warfarin, left subclavian thrombosis treated with carotid-subclavian bypass, and lung adenocarcinoma treated with pneumonectomy, chemotherapy, and prophylactic cranial irradiation and in remission since 1987 was admitted to our neurocritical care unit with acute onset of right-sided weakness, expressive aphasia, and lethargy. On admission his temperature was 101.7°F, and initial blood pressure was 140/60 mm Hg. There was no nuchal rigidity. He was alert and mute with impaired comprehension. He had left gaze preference. Vision was impaired in the right field. Ther...
Source: Neurology - October 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Gupta, A., Etherton, M. R., McKee, K., Baker, J. M., Izzy, S., Feske, S. K. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Radiation therapy-tumor, All Epilepsy/Seizures RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research
Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China: evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies
Publication date: 10–16 October 2015 Source:The Lancet, Volume 386, Issue 10002 Author(s): Zhengming Chen, Richard Peto, Maigeng Zhou, Andri Iona, Margaret Smith, Ling Yang, Yu Guo, Yiping Chen, Zheng Bian, Garry Lancaster, Paul Sherliker, Shutao Pang, Hao Wang, Hua Su, Ming Wu, Xianping Wu, Junshi Chen, Rory Collins, Liming Li Background Chinese men now smoke more than a third of the world's cigarettes, following a large increase in urban then rural usage. Conversely, Chinese women now smoke far less than in previous generations. We assess the oppositely changing effects of tobacco on male and femal...
Source: The Lancet - October 9, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Potential Gains in Life Expectancy from Reductions in Leading Causes of Death, Los Angeles County: a Quantitative Approach to Identify Candidate Diseases for Prevention and Burden Disparities Elimination
Abstract
Despite overall gains in life expectancy at birth among Los Angeles County residents, significant disparities persist across population subgroups. The purpose of this study was to quantify the potential sex- and race/ethnicity-specific gains in life expectancy had we been able to fully or partially eliminate the leading causes of death in Los Angeles County. Complete annual life tables for local residents were generated by applying the same method used for the National Center of Health Statistics US life tables published in 1999. Based on 2010 Los Angeles County mortality records, sex- and race/ethnicity-...
Source: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities - October 1, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
Living near an airport 'may be bad for your health'
Conclusion
This study aimed to assess the link between pollution from air traffic and health outcomes. Researchers used a number of data sources, finding an association between levels of carbon monoxide and hospitalisation rates for respiratory and heart-related issues.
Perhaps worryingly, these effects were observed at lower levels of carbon monoxide exposure than the allowed amounts found in Environmental Protection Agency mandates.
However, this study does have a number of limitations:
Air traffic data was only from passenger aircrafts.
The focus was only on the population within 10km of the airport. We don't k...
Source: NHS News Feed - October 21, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Lifestyle/exercise Source Type: news
New app lets you check air quality as easily as checking the weather
Yareli Sanchez lives in Los Angeles and jogs regularly, but she never used to know if the day’s air quality was bad until after she had already set out for a run — her chest would tighten and it would become hard to breathe. She knew poor air quality triggered her asthma, but she didn’t have a convenient way to check the day’s pollution levels.
For the past few months, instead of using trial-and-error, she’s checked UCLA’s new AirForU app, which uses GPS data to give her local air quality ratings. The app is useful for anyone in the U.S. who sees a hazy skyline and wonders how safe it is to breathe outside air...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 23, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news
Cause-specific mortality for 240 causes in China during 1990–2013: a systematic subnational analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Publication date: Available online 26 October 2015 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Maigeng Zhou, Haidong Wang, Jun Zhu, Wanqing Chen, Linhong Wang, Shiwei Liu, Yichong Li, Lijun Wang, Yunning Liu, Peng Yin, Jiangmei Liu, Shicheng Yu, Feng Tan, Ryan M Barber, Matthew M Coates, Daniel Dicker, Maya Fraser, Diego González-Medina, Hannah Hamavid, Yuantao Hao, Guoqing Hu, Guohong Jiang, Haidong Kan, Alan D Lopez, Michael R Phillips, Jun She, Theo Vos, Xia Wan, Gelin Xu, Lijing L Yan, Chuanhua Yu, Yong Zhao, Yingfeng Zheng, Xiaonong Zou, Mohsen Naghavi, Yu Wang, Christopher J L Murray, Gonghua...
Source: The Lancet - October 26, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Characteristics and prognosis of never smokers with asthma in the general population
Conclusions: Never smokers with asthma were different with increased risk of exacerbations of asthma and COPD, but not pneumonias, lung cancer, cardiovascular comorbidities, or all-cause mortality. Smoking was the main explanation of poor prognosis in asthma.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Colak, Y., Afzal, S., Nordestgaard, B., Lange, P. Tags: 6.1 Epidemiology Source Type: research
Change in cardiorespiratory fitness after lung resection is not related to the amount of lung tissue removed
Conclusion: The reduction in VO2peak following lung cancer surgery was 20±16%. However, this reduction cannot be explained by the loss of lung tissue, but appears to be caused by a decrease in the patients' cardiac function.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Edvardsen, E., Anderssen, S. A., Borchsenius, F., Skjonsberg, O. H. Tags: 11.1 Lung Cancer Source Type: research
Comparative study about perception of tobacco package disease risk warning and aware COPD among intergenerational/institutional
Conclusion: The results showed that the regardless of age and institutions, imbalance was observed. In addition, health harm of smoke, despite the knowledge of package warning ratio was not unified. This was speculated that the elderly from the youth in Japan were not exposed to anti-tobacco msg and/or were not taught about the harmful. Moreover, we considered important that all risk perceptions will be uniform. Therefore we should do more educate and precaution of Smoking and COPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Uno, T. Tags: 6.3 Tobacco, Smoking Control and Health Education Source Type: research
