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Neuroimmunology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis
Conclusion Recent advances in research on HTLV-1 provide better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of HAM/TSP, and several clinical trials of novel therapies for patients with HAM/TSP have been initiated. However, long-term improvement of motor disability and quality of life still have not been achieved in HAM/TSP patients, and the clinical management remains challenging. Given that HAM/TSP is characterized by activated T-cells in both the periphery and CNS, studies in HAM/TSP will be highly informative for clarifying the pathogenesis of other neuroinflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis....
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Anxiety in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors and Effects on Functional Status
Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are the major correlates of PSA while more severe PSA is associated with poorer ADL and health-related QOL. Acute lesions involving CHWM may correlate with PSA in ischemic stroke patients with mild-to-moderate neurologic deficits, supporting a lesion-location hypothesis in PSA.IntroductionAnxiety is prevalent after stroke and occurs in about one-quarter of stroke survivors (1, 2). Poststroke anxiety (PSA) may have a negative impact on quality of life (QOL) of stroke survivors, affecting their rehabilitation (3). Furthermore, one prospective study found that severe anxiety symptoms were assoc...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Conveniently-Grasped Field Assessment Stroke Triage (CG-FAST): A Modified Scale to Detect Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
Conclusions: CG-FAST scale could be an effective and simple scale for accurate identification of LVOS among AIS patients. Introduction Large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) often leads to severe disability and mortality. Although endovascular therapy (EVT) has been proved to be effective for LVOS patients (1–9), especially in anterior circulation, its benefit is highly time-dependent (10, 11). As hospitals with around-the-clock endovascular capability are scarce in many parts of the world and patients admitted directly to a CSC would have better outcomes than those receiving drip and ship treatment (12, 13), t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research