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Specialty: Cancer & Oncology
Condition: Stroke
Cancer: Brain Cancers
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Total 93 results found since Jan 2013.
Cystatin C takes part in melanoma-microglia cross-talk: possible implications for brain metastasis
AbstractThe development of melanoma brain metastasis is largely dependent on mutual interactions between the melanoma cells and cells in the brain microenvironment. Here, we report that the extracellular cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C (CysC) is involved in these interactions. Microglia-derived factors upregulated CysC secretion by melanoma. Similarly, melanoma-derived factors upregulated CysC secretion by microglia. Whereas CysC enhanced melanoma cell migration through a layer of brain endothelial cells, it inhibited the migration of microglia cells toward melanoma cells. CysC was also found to promote the formatio...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - May 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Texas A & M research shows biological clocks could improve brain cancer treatment
(Texas A&M University) Biological clocks throughout the body play a major role in human health and performance, from sleep and energy use to how food is metabolized and even stroke severity. Now, Texas A&M University researchers found that circadian rhythms could hold the key to novel therapies for glioblastoma, the most prevalent type of brain cancer in adults -- and one with a grim prognosis.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - January 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Researchers hit the brakes on lethal brain cancers in mice
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) New research conducted in mice provides evidence that highly lethal brain tumors, called high-grade gliomas, stop growing when deprived of a specific molecule naturally produced when brain cells fire. The experiments, led by a group of scientists from Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, suggest that targeting a protein called neuroligin-3 may prove beneficial in patients with these diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - September 20, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Therapeutic dormancy to delay postsurgical glioma recurrence: the past, present and promise of focal hypothermia
AbstractSurgery precedes both radiotherapy and chemotherapy as the first-line therapy for glioma. However, despite multimodal treatment, most glioma patients die from local recurrence in the resection margin. Glioma surgery is inherently lesional, and the response of brain tissue to surgery includes hemostasis, angiogenesis, reactive gliosis and inflammation. Unfortunately, these processes are also associated with tumorigenic side-effects. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that the response to a surgery-related brain injury is hijacked by residual glioma cells and participates in the local regeneration of tumor ti...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - May 17, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A Case of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Induced by Cisplatin/Pemetrexed Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer
This report presents the case of a 60-year-old woman who was diagnosed with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with asymptomatic brain metastases and commenced chemotherapy with cisplatin/pemetrexed (CDDP/Pem). She experienced tonic-clonic convulsions on day 9 of the first cycle, which were accompanied by increased blood pressure (173/69 mm Hg) and headache. Therefore, brain MRI was performed to check for stroke or progression of brain metastatic foci. T2-weighted, FLAIR, and ADC map images showed high-intensity areas in the subcortical region of the bilateral parieto-occipital lobes, leading to a diagnosis of posterior reversib...
Source: Case Reports in Oncology - March 9, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Innovative technique to examine blood vessels in 3-D help unlock secrets of the brain
(University of Surrey) A study published today in the Journal of Anatomy has made an important breakthrough in the examination of blood vessels in the brain giving scientists a clearer understanding of how dementia, brain cancer and stroke can affect veins and capillaries in this organ.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - January 4, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
How to Quit Smoking
By Stacy Simon Tobacco use remains the single largest preventable cause of disease and premature death in the United States. Since the release of the Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health 50 years ago, there have been 20 million deaths due to tobacco. Almost half the deaths from 12 different types of cancer combined – including lung, voice box, throat, esophagus, and bladder cancers – are attributable to cigarette smoking alone. In addition to cancer, smoking greatly increases the risk of debilitating long-term lung diseases like emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It also raises the risk for heart...
Source: American Cancer Society :: News and Features - November 16, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Smoking/Tobacco Source Type: news
Surg-38. direct evidence of plasticity within primary motor and sensory cortices via direct electrical stimulation in glioblastoma patients undergoing repeat awake craniotomy
In this study, we examine plasticity within primary sensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices in glioblastoma patients undergoing repeat intra-operative direct electrical stimulation (DES) under awake conditions.METHODS:This retrospective analysis included five patients with glioblastoma in/near M1/S1 that underwent two awake surgeries, each with DES-based sensory and motor mapping. Inter-surgery interval was 216 ± 41 days. Plasticity was defined as a change in mapping result (gain, loss, or change of function) within M1/S1 at second operation or absence of typical mapping result without a change in the patient&rsqu...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gibb, W., Kong, N. Tags: SURGICAL THERAPY Source Type: research
Ntox-08. safety of intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of brain tumours
The treatment of brain tumors is greatly limited the delivery impediment caused by the blood-brain barrier and blood-tumor barrier. To circumvent this limitation, different approaches have been studied, including intra-arterial delivery. Because of a significant local increase in plasma-peak concentration, this strategy increases the local area under the curve, and translates into a 3 to 5.5 fold increase in intra-tumoral chemotherapy concentration. However, intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of brain tumors has a notoriously bad name, thanks to prior trials led in past decades showing significant neurotoxicities...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fortin, D., Caux, S., Gahide, G. Tags: NEUROTOXICITY OF THERAPY Source Type: research
Ntox-11. recurrent episodes of stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (smart) syndrome in adults
We report two cases of multiply-recurrent SMART syndrome, one autopsy-documented. Case 1 is a 46 year old woman with an atypical meningioma treated with resection and radiation who presented sixteen months after completion of radiation with sudden onset hemiparesis and dysarthria. Brain MRI showed the typical gyriform enhancement seen in SMART syndrome. No other attributable disorders were found on extensive workup, and both symptoms and radiographic abnormalities resolved over several weeks without further therapies. Six months later she again presented with identical symptoms and MRI findings. Incomplete resolution ...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - November 6, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mohler, A., Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, B. K., Damek, D. Tags: NEUROTOXICITY OF THERAPY Source Type: research
Intravenous administration of xenogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) and ADMSC-derived exosomes markedly reduced brain infarct volume and preserved neurological function in rat after acute ischemic stroke.
In conclusion, xenogenic ADMSC/ADMSC-derived exosome therapy was safe and offered the additional benefit of reducing BIZ and improving neurological function in rat AIS.
PMID: 27793019 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncotarget - October 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research
P05.04 Morphine pretreatment improves the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in an orthotopic model of human glioblastoma
Conclusions:The present findings show that molecules as morphine are able to interfere with molecules normally unable to cross the BBB. This mechanism could be used for new approaches in therapy of refractory CNS tumors as glioblastoma.
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Da Ros, M. Tags: P05 In vitro / in vivo models Source Type: research
P08.46 Rechallenge with bevacizumab in a long-term survivor with glioblastoma
The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM, WHO grade IV), the most common primary brain tumor in adults, is generally poor with median survival of less than one year in untreated patients and approximately 15 months following standard of care therapy. However, 10 % survival at 5 years was observed in a randomized phase III study. At GBM recurrence, the addition of bevacizumab (BEV), a humanized monoclonal antibody against circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulted in a 3–4 month prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) without improving overall survival (OS...
Source: Neuro-Oncology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Koeppen, S., Hense, J. Tags: P08 Glioblastom and Anaplastic gliomas Source Type: research
Stem cell brain injections let people walk again after stroke
People once confined to wheelchairs because of stroke showed improvements in movement and speech with the help of stem cells injected into the brain
Source: New Scientist - Cancer - June 2, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
TSRI study reveals workings of mysterious 'relief valve' that protects cells from swelling
(Scripps Research Institute) Solving a long-standing mystery in cell biology, a team has shown how a key 'relief-valve' in cells keeps cells from taking in too much water and swelling excessively. The mechanism has been tentatively linked to stroke-induced brain damage, diabetes, immune deficiency and even cancer treatment resistance.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - January 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
