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Space agency-specific standards for crew dose and risk assessment of ionising radiation exposures for the International Space Station
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 26:S0939-3889(23)00082-X. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Partner Agencies of the International Space Station (ISS) maintain separate career exposure limits and shared Flight Rules that control the ionising radiation exposures that crewmembers can experience due to ambient environments throughout their space missions. In low Earth orbit as well as further out in space, energetic ions referred to as galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) easily penetrate spacecraft and spacecraft contents and consequently are always present at low dose rates. Protons and electrons that are ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 28, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Mark Shavers Edward Semones Leena Tomi Jing Chen Ulrich Straube Tatsuto Komiyama Vyacheslav Shurshakov Chunsheng Li Werner R ühm Source Type: research

Space agency-specific standards for crew dose and risk assessment of ionising radiation exposures for the International Space Station
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 26:S0939-3889(23)00082-X. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.005. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe Partner Agencies of the International Space Station (ISS) maintain separate career exposure limits and shared Flight Rules that control the ionising radiation exposures that crewmembers can experience due to ambient environments throughout their space missions. In low Earth orbit as well as further out in space, energetic ions referred to as galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) easily penetrate spacecraft and spacecraft contents and consequently are always present at low dose rates. Protons and electrons that are ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 28, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Mark Shavers Edward Semones Leena Tomi Jing Chen Ulrich Straube Tatsuto Komiyama Vyacheslav Shurshakov Chunsheng Li Werner R ühm Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research

Light Flashes and other sensory illusions perceived in space travel and on ground, including proton- and heavy ion-therapies
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 14:S0939-3889(23)00081-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost of the astronauts experience visual illusions, apparent flashes of light (LF) in absence of light. The first reported observation of this phenomenon was in July 1969 by Buzz Aldrin, in the debriefing following the Apollo 11 mission. Several ground-based experiments in the 1970s tried to clarify the mechanisms behind these light flashes and to evaluate possible related risks. These works were supported by dedicated experiments in space on the following Apollo flights and in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It was soon ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L Narici Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research

Light Flashes and other sensory illusions perceived in space travel and on ground, including proton- and heavy ion-therapies
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 14:S0939-3889(23)00081-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost of the astronauts experience visual illusions, apparent flashes of light (LF) in absence of light. The first reported observation of this phenomenon was in July 1969 by Buzz Aldrin, in the debriefing following the Apollo 11 mission. Several ground-based experiments in the 1970s tried to clarify the mechanisms behind these light flashes and to evaluate possible related risks. These works were supported by dedicated experiments in space on the following Apollo flights and in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It was soon ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L Narici Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research

Light Flashes and other sensory illusions perceived in space travel and on ground, including proton- and heavy ion-therapies
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 14:S0939-3889(23)00081-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost of the astronauts experience visual illusions, apparent flashes of light (LF) in absence of light. The first reported observation of this phenomenon was in July 1969 by Buzz Aldrin, in the debriefing following the Apollo 11 mission. Several ground-based experiments in the 1970s tried to clarify the mechanisms behind these light flashes and to evaluate possible related risks. These works were supported by dedicated experiments in space on the following Apollo flights and in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It was soon ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L Narici Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research

Light Flashes and other sensory illusions perceived in space travel and on ground, including proton- and heavy ion-therapies
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 14:S0939-3889(23)00081-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost of the astronauts experience visual illusions, apparent flashes of light (LF) in absence of light. The first reported observation of this phenomenon was in July 1969 by Buzz Aldrin, in the debriefing following the Apollo 11 mission. Several ground-based experiments in the 1970s tried to clarify the mechanisms behind these light flashes and to evaluate possible related risks. These works were supported by dedicated experiments in space on the following Apollo flights and in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It was soon ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L Narici Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research

Light Flashes and other sensory illusions perceived in space travel and on ground, including proton- and heavy ion-therapies
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 14:S0939-3889(23)00081-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost of the astronauts experience visual illusions, apparent flashes of light (LF) in absence of light. The first reported observation of this phenomenon was in July 1969 by Buzz Aldrin, in the debriefing following the Apollo 11 mission. Several ground-based experiments in the 1970s tried to clarify the mechanisms behind these light flashes and to evaluate possible related risks. These works were supported by dedicated experiments in space on the following Apollo flights and in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It was soon ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L Narici Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research

Light Flashes and other sensory illusions perceived in space travel and on ground, including proton- and heavy ion-therapies
Z Med Phys. 2023 Jul 14:S0939-3889(23)00081-8. doi: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.06.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMost of the astronauts experience visual illusions, apparent flashes of light (LF) in absence of light. The first reported observation of this phenomenon was in July 1969 by Buzz Aldrin, in the debriefing following the Apollo 11 mission. Several ground-based experiments in the 1970s tried to clarify the mechanisms behind these light flashes and to evaluate possible related risks. These works were supported by dedicated experiments in space on the following Apollo flights and in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It was soon ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: L Narici Source Type: research

Evaluation of proton and carbon ion beam models in TReatment Planning for Particles 4D (TRiP4D) referring to a commercial treatment planning system
CONCLUSION: The absorbed dose between TRiP4D and SyngoRT were identical for both proton and carbon ion plans in the WP. Compared to SyngoRT, TRiP4D underestimated the target RBE-weighted dose; however more efficient in RBE-weighted dose calculation. Large variation for proton beam with range shifter was observed. TRiP4D will be used to evaluate doses delivered to moving targets. Uncertainties inherent to the 4D-dose reconstruction calculation are expected to be significantly larger than the dose errors reported here. For this reason, the residual differences between TRiP4D and SyngoRT observed in this study are considered ...
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - July 16, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yinxiangzi Sheng Lennart Volz Weiwei Wang Marco Durante Christian Graeff Source Type: research