Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Multiparametric MR Imaging for Detection and Locoregional Staging of Prostate Cancer
Abstract: Detection and staging of prostate cancer (PCa) based on digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen levels, and systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies show notorious limitations in light of the current needs of PCa management. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has emerged as a useful noninvasive imaging technique for detection, staging, assessment of aggressiveness, and treatment monitoring of PCa, combining anatomic high-resolution T2-weighted images with functional techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast enhancement evaluation. In this article, t...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - June 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Clinical Perspective of Prostate Cancer
Abstract: Prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer affecting men today. It largely affects men in the fifth and sixth decade of life. Screening for prostate cancer, though controversial, is still the only way to detect early prostate cancer. Multiple newer options such as blood tests and genetic markers are being used in the clinical domain today to improve cancer detection and avoid unnecessary biopsies. To date, biopsy of the prostate remains the only modality to stratify the grade of cancer. Significant improvements in the imaging technology have improved localizing and detecting the disease. Treatment of ...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - June 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

MRI of Prostate Cancer: Update
No abstract available (Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - June 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

7-T MRI in Cerebrovascular Diseases: Challenges to Overcome and Initial Results
Abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in the investigation of cerebrovascular diseases. Compared with computed tomography (CT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA), its advantages in diagnosing cerebrovascular pathology include its superior tissue contrast, its ability to visualize blood vessels without the use of a contrast agent, and its use of magnetic fields and radiofrequency pulses instead of ionizing radiation. In recent years, ultrahigh field MRI at 7 tesla (7 T) has shown promise in the diagnosis of many cerebrovascular diseases. The increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR; 2.3x and 4.7...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

4D Flow MRI in Neuroradiology: Techniques and Applications
Abstract: Assessment of the intracranial flow is important for the understanding and management of cerebral vascular diseases. From brain aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations lesions to intracranial and cervical stenosis, the appraisal of the blood flow can be crucial and influence positively on patients’ management. The determination of the intracranial hemodynamics and the collateral pattern seems to play to a major role in the management of these lesions. 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive phase contrast derived method that has been developed and applied in neurovascular diseases. It has a great ...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Selective Arterial Spin Labeling: Techniques and Neurovascular Applications
This article reviews the various methods that are available for determining the flow territories of the brain-feeding arteries and provides an overview of the different territorial arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that have been introduced during the past 2 decades. ASL is a noninvasive method that uses arterial blood as an endogenous contrast agent by magnetically labeling the inflowing blood with radiofrequency pulses. Several selective ASL MRI methods are available to visualize the perfusion territories of individual brain feeding arteries and determine the presence of collateral ...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Susceptibility-weighted Imaging in Neurovascular Disease
Abstract: Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has become an important imaging sequence in the evaluation of patients with neurovascular disease. In this review, we provide a general overview of the physics of SWI and describe how image contrast is produced with this technique. We provide a general approach and differential diagnosis for 2 commonly encountered radiographic patterns seen with SWI in neurovascular disease. Finally, we discuss specific neurovascular applications of SWI, including its application in acute stroke, vascular malformations, venous thrombosis, and evaluation of cerebral microbleeds. (Source: Topic...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Molecular Imaging in Neurovascular Diseases: The Use of Ferumoxytol to Assess Cerebral Aneurysms and Arteriovenous Malformations
Abstract: Inflammation is increasingly being recognized as contributing to the underlying pathophysiology of cerebral aneurysms and brain arteriovenous malformation. Ferumoxytol is being increasingly used for both its prolonged intravascular imaging characteristics and its utility as an inflammatory marker when imaged in a delayed fashion. We aim to present a review article on the use of ferumoxytol to assess cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformation. This could potentially help assist the physician in his judgment for intervening, as aneurysms that look macroscopically the same may behave differently. (Source: Top...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

High-resolution Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Intracranial Aneurysms and Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
Abstract: Over the last several years, the advent of intracranial high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) has provided a new lens with which to view cerebrovascular disease that has not previously been available with conventional imaging. It has already fundamentally changed the way that steno-occlusive diseases are evaluated at many academic centers. This review focuses on current and emerging applications of intracranial high-resolution VW-MRI in the clinical evaluation of intracranial aneurysms and brain arteriovenous malformations. Examples are provided from our clinical practice. (Source: Topic...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Intracranial Vessel Wall MRI: An Emerging Technique With a Multitude of Uses
Abstract: Intracranial vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) can be a useful diagnostic technique in patients with ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Unlike conventional vascular imaging that depicts only the vessel lumen, VW-MRI allows visualization of pathology in the arterial wall itself. The ability to image the arterial wall is useful, as many pathological processes reside within the wall and only secondarily affect the lumen. In this review, we will present 6 clinical uses for intracranial wall imaging to highlight the versatility of this technique. (Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Looking Beyond the Lumen
No abstract available (Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - April 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Guest Editorial Source Type: research

Hyperpolarization MRI: Preclinical Models and Potential Applications in Neuroradiology
Abstract: Hyperpolarization is a novel technology that can dramatically increase signal to noise in magnetic resonance. The method is being applied to small injectable endogenous molecules, which can be used to monitor transient in vivo metabolic events, in real time. The emergence of hyperpolarized 13C-labeled probes, specifically 13C pyruvate, has enabled monitoring of core cellular metabolic events. Neuro-oncological applications have been demonstrated in preclinical models. Many more applications of this technology are envisioned, with transformative potential in magnetic resonance imaging. (Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - February 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Cortical Plasticity in the Setting of Brain Tumors
Abstract: Cortical reorganization of function due to the growth of an adjacent brain tumor has clearly been demonstrated in a number of surgically proven cases. Such cases demonstrate the unmistakable implications for the neurosurgical treatment of brain tumors, as the cortical function may not reside where one may initially suspect based solely on the anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Consequently, preoperative localization of eloquent areas adjacent to a brain tumor is necessary, as this may demonstrate unexpected organization, which may affect the neurosurgical approach to the lesion. However, in interpreting...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - February 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Presurgical Mapping of the Language Network Using Resting-state Functional Connectivity
Abstract: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (resting-state fMRI) is a tool for investigating the functional networks that arise during the resting state of the brain. Recent advances of the resting-state fMRI analysis suggest its feasibility for evaluating language function. The most common clinical application is for presurgical mapping of cortex for a brain tumor or for resective epilespy surgery. In this article, we review the techniques and presurgical applications of resting-state fMRI analysis for language evaluation, and discuss the use in the clinical setting, focusing on planning for neurosurgery...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - February 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Clinical Resting-state fMRI in the Preoperative Setting: Are We Ready for Prime Time?
Abstract: The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an introduction to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) and to review the current application of this new and powerful technique in the preoperative setting using our institute's extensive experience. RS-fMRI has provided important insights into brain physiology and is an increasingly important tool in the clinical setting. As opposed to task-based functional MRI wherein the subject performs a task while being scanned, RS-fMRI evaluates low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal while the subject is at rest. Mu...
Source: Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging - February 1, 2016 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research