Evaluation and Management of Delirium
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 572-587 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733791Delirium, sometimes referred to as encephalopathy, is an acute confusional state that is both common in hospitalized patients and associated with poor outcomes. For patients, families, and caregivers, delirium can be a traumatic experience. While delirium is one of the most common diagnoses encountered by the consulting neurologist, the majority of the time it will have been previously unrecognized as such by the care team. Neurologic syndromes such as dementia or aphasia can either be misdiagnosed as delirium or may coexist with it, necessitating careful neurologic...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Ryan, Sophia L. Kimchi, Eyal Y. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Approach to Neurologic Complications in the Immunocompromised Patient
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 554-571 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733795Neurologic complications are common in immunocompromised patients, including those with advanced human immunodeficiency virus, transplant recipients, and patients on immunomodulatory medications. In addition to the standard differential diagnosis, specific pathogens and other conditions unique to the immunocompromised state should be considered in the evaluation of neurologic complaints in this patient population. A thorough understanding of these considerations is critical to the inpatient neurologist in contemporary practice, as increasing numbers of patients are ...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Vishnevetsky, Anastasia Anand, Pria Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Acute Neurologic Manifestations of Systemic Immune-Mediated Diseases
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 541-553 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733790Systemic autoimmune diseases can affect the peripheral and central nervous system. In this review, we outline the common inpatient consultations for patients with neurological symptoms from rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, immunoglobulin G4–related disease, Behçet's disease, giant cell arteritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa, and ankylosing spondylitis. We discuss the symptoms, diagnostic strategies, and treatment options. [...] Thi...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Galetta, Kristin Bhattacharyya, Shamik Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Anticoagulation in Acute Neurological Disease
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 530-540 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733793While anticoagulation and its reversal have been of clinical relevance for decades, recent academic and technological advances have expanded the repertoire of its application in neurological disease. The advent of direct oral anticoagulants provides effective, mechanistically elegant, and relatively safer therapeutic options than warfarin for eligible patients at risk for neurological sequelae of prothrombotic states, particularly given the recent availability of corresponding reversal agents. In this review, we examine the provenance, indications, safety, and rever...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sasannejad, Cina Sheth, Kevin N. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Evaluation and Management of Acute Myelopathy
This article reviews the contemporary spectrum of acute myelopathy etiologies and provides guidance for diagnosis and management. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Sechi, Elia Flanagan, Eoin P. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Inpatient Diagnosis and Management of Neuromuscular Disorders
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 493-510 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733794Although many neuromuscular conditions are evaluated on an outpatient basis owing to their chronic or progressive nature, more urgent evaluation and management is often required for the inpatient presenting with acute to subacute focal or generalized numbness or weakness. This review focuses on clinical pattern recognition and basic anatomic localization principles to aid in the identification of common, as well as some less frequently encountered, neuromuscular disorders in hospitalized patients. The characteristic clinical and diagnostic features, associated compl...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Doherty, Leana Chaudhry, Vinay Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Diagnosis and Management of Status Epilepticus
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 483-492 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733787Seizures are among the most common neurological presentations to the emergency room. They present on a spectrum of severity from isolated new-onset seizures to acute repetitive seizures and, in severe cases, status epilepticus. The latter is the most serious, as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and treatment of both seizure activity and associated acute systemic complications are essential to improve the overall outcome of these patients. The purpose of this review is to provide the current viewpoint on the diagnostic evaluation...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Al-Faraj, Abrar O. Abdennadher, Myriam Pang, Trudy D. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Evaluation and Management of First-Time Seizure in Adults
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 477-482 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735143First seizures are often perceived as devastating events by patients and their families due to the fear of having a life-long disease. One in 10 people experiences one or more seizures during their lifetime, while 1 in 26 people develops epilepsy. Acute symptomatic seizures are often related to a provoking factor or an acute brain insult and typically do not recur. Careful history and clinical examination should guide clinicians' management plans. Electroencephalography and brain imaging, preferably with epilepsy-specific magnetic resonance imaging, may help charact...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Abdennadher, Myriam Saxena, Aneeta Pavlova, Milena K. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Inpatient Consultations in Neurology
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 475-476 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735804 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Anand, Pria Klein, Joshua P. Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Pria Anand, MD, and Joshua P. Klein, MD, PhD
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 473-474 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735805 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - October 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Greer, David M. Tags: Introduction to the Guest Editors Source Type: research
Updates on the Management of Neurologic Complications of Post –Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 388-397 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731310Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the United States, and survivors are frequently left with severe disability. Of the 10% successfully resuscitated from SCA, only around 10% of these live with a favorable neurologic outcome. Survivors of SCA commonly develop post–cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). PCAS is composed of neurologic, myocardial, and systemic injury related to inadequate perfusion and ischemia–reperfusion injury with free radical formation and an inflammatory cascade. While targeted temperature managem...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - August 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mayasi, Yunis Geocadin, Romergryko G. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Neurology of Cardiovascular Disease
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 329-330 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730955 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - August 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Cho, Sung-Min Geocadin, Romergryko G. Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Sung-Min Cho DO, MHS, and Romergryko G. Geocadin, MD, FNCS, FAAN, FANA
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 327-328 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730954 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - August 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Greer, David M. Tags: Introduction to the Guest Editor Source Type: research
Myelopathy
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 219-220 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730403 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - June 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Bhattacharyya, Shamik Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, MS
Semin Neurol 2021; 41: 217-218 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730404 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - June 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Greer, David M. Tags: Introduction to the Guest Editor Source Type: research
