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International comparisons of neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born very preterm
We summarise rates of survival and neurodevelopmental impairment in very ( (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - April 7, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: H éloïse Torchin, Andreï S. Morgan, Pierre-Yves Ancel Source Type: research

Cerebral Palsy after very preterm birth - an imaging perspective
Neonatal brain imaging undoubtedly can provide the most accurate information on which to determine whether cerebral palsy is likely to affect an individual infant born preterm. The sensitivity and specificity of that information is different between cranial ultrasound and MRI, depending on what approaches and sequences are used and the timing of the examinations. In this chapter we highlight the changing incidence of different patterns of brain injury in the preterm newborn and present a comparison of cranial ultrasound and MRI for predicting cerebral palsy in preterm infants affected by the commoner intracranial pathologi...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - April 5, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Dawn Gano, Frances M. Cowan, Linda S. de Vries Source Type: research

“Health, Wealth and Achievements of Former Very Premature Infants in Adult Life”
Very preterm survivors born in the early neonatal intensive care era are now in their middle adulthood. The literature from cohort studies and population-linked registries indicate that extreme prematurity is associated with lower educational attainment and income, higher need for social assistance, and lower rates of marriage/partnership and reproduction. In addition, with increasing age, many general and system-specific adverse health outcomes, such as psychiatric problems, hypertension, and cardio-metabolic disorders have emerged, resulting in high cumulative health care costs across the life-span. (Source: Seminars in ...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - April 5, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Saroj Saigal, Katherine Morrison, Louis A. Schmidt Source Type: research

Neurodevelopmental Origins of Social Competence in Very Preterm Children
Social problems are an important feature of the preterm behavioral phenotype but are diverse and multidimensional. A model of social competence comprised of the three interrelated components of social cognition, social interaction, and social adjustment is useful in conceptualizing these problems. Weaknesses in social cognition in very preterm (VPT) children, although rarely studied, are found on tasks involving interpretation of social cues. Difficulties in social interaction in VPT infants and young children are documented by structured observations of their interactions with adults. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - April 5, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: H. Gerry Taylor Source Type: research

Editorial Board
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Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - March 31, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Non-pharmacological pain management in the neonatal intensive care unit: Managing neonatal pain without drugs” [Semin Fetal Neonatal Med (2019) pii: S1744-165X(19)30047-2]
The authors regret that the following text ‘Reproduced from Oxford Textbook of Pediatric Pain, Second Edition edited by McGrath P., Stevens B., Hathway G., and Zempsky W. (Eds.) (Forthcoming). Fig. The Development of Infant Acute Pain Responding- Revised (DIAPR-R) from Chp. ‘Theoretical basis of pain’ by Goubert L., Pillai Riddell R., Simons L., and Borsook D. By permission of Oxford University Press.https://global.oup.com/academic.’ was not adjacent to the corresponding Figure in the original article. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - March 18, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: O. Bucsea, R. Pillai Riddell Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Screening for Metabolic Bone Disease of prematurity
Metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity remains a significant comorbid condition in preterm, low birth weight infants. As the majority of in utero calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (Phos) accretion occurs during the third trimester, many of these children have inadequate mineral stores and are at risk for deficiencies of Ca and Phos. While fortification of formula has allowed for increased mineral delivery to premature infants, intestinal immaturity prevents optimal absorption. This is compounded by immobilization, delayed establishment of enteral feeds, long term parenteral nutrition and medications that may alter mineral l...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - February 17, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Arpana Rayannavar, Andrew C. Calabria Source Type: research

Optimizing oxygen therapy for preterm infants at birth: Are we there yet?
Premature infants undergo a complex postnatal adaptation at birth. For last two centuries, oxygen has been integral to respiratory support of preterm infants at birth. Excess oxygen can cause oxidative stress and tissue injury. Preterm infants due to lung immaturity may need oxygen for successful transition at birth. Although, considerable progress has been made in the last 3 decades, optimum oxygen therapy for preterm delivery room resuscitation remains unknown. In this review, we discuss the history and physiology behind oxygen therapy in the delivery room, evaluate current literature, provide practice points and point o...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - February 7, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Vishal Kapadia, Ju Lee Oei Source Type: research

Oxygen metabolism and oxygenation of the newborn
The premature infant is to some extent protected from hypoxia, however defense against hyperoxia is poorly developed. The optimal assessment of oxygenation is to measure oxygen delivery and extraction. At the bedside PaO2 and SpO2 are approximations of oxygenation at the tissue level. After birth asphyxia it is crucial to know whether or not to give oxygen supplementation, when, how much, and for how long. Oxygen saturation targets in the delivery room have been studied, but the optimal targets might still be unknown because factors like gender and delayed cord clamping influence saturation levels. (Source: Seminars in Fet...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - February 5, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Jannicke H. Andresen, Ola Didrik Saugstad Source Type: research

Editorial Board
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Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - January 31, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Source Type: research

Hypoxia – Reoxygenation in neonatal cardiac arrest: Results from experimental models
In this review, we summarize the results of studies that investigated the effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation in cardiac arrest, including the use of different fractions of inspired oxygen, in neonatal animals. The studies were heterogenous in terms of anaesthetic regimens, and definitions of cardiac arrest and circulatory recovery. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation with 100% oxygen increased oxidative stress in maturing rats. Studies in fetal/neonatal lambs and post-transitional neonatal piglets indicate no consistent differences between ventilation with 21% vs. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - January 30, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: A.L. Solev åg, G.M. Schmölzer, P.-Y. Cheung Source Type: research

NIRS in the fetal to neonatal transition and immediate postnatal period
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers the non-invasive continuous monitoring of cerebral oxygenation and perfusion. Cerebral regional oxygen (crSO2) measured via NIRS represents a mixed tissue saturation value, thus enabling information on the balance of cerebral oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption. Cerebral oxygenation is influenced by pulse oximeter saturation (SpO2), hemoglobin content, and cerebral blood flow. Furthermore, cerebral oxygenation is dependent on metabolic parameters, cardio circulatory parameters, perinatal- and postnatal interventions. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - January 28, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Bruckner Marlies, Pichler Gerhard, Urlesberger Berndt Source Type: research

Oxygen in the neonatal period: Oxidative stress, oxygen load and epigenetic changes
Preterm infants frequently require positive pressure ventilation and oxygen supplementation in the first minutes after birth. It has been shown that the amount of oxygen provided during stabilization, the oxygen load, if excessive may cause hyperoxia, and oxidative damage to DNA. Epidemiologic studies have associated supplementation with pure oxygen in the first minutes after birth with childhood cancer. Recent studies have shown that the amount of oxygen supplemented to preterm infants after birth modifies the epigenome. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - January 23, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Sheila Lorente-Pozo, Anna Parra-Llorca, Inmaculada Lara-Cant ón, Alvaro Solaz, José Luis García-Jiménez, Federico V. Pallardó, Máximo Vento Source Type: research

Home oxygen therapy after hospital discharge
Home oxygen therapy is increasingly prescribed for various conditions in the neonatal period, particularly for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Due to limited evidence on indication, minimal target oxygen saturation, monitoring, application and discontinuation of home oxygen therapy clinical practice varies widely throughout the world. International guidelines provide recommendations mostly on the basis of nonsystematic clinical observations. Most relevant points for the clinical management of home oxygen therapy include a minimal target oxygen saturation of equal to or greater than 93%, the provision of a home mon...
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - January 23, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Sabine Pirr, Corinna Peter Source Type: research

Bone metabolic disorders in premature and full term neonates: current status and future directions
Bone metabolic disorders are a unique area of research in neonatology. In the latest decade there is a great interesting concerning the consequences of prematurity and bone metabolism. Premature infants seem to be a high risk group of newborns with a great incidence to develop bone metabolic disorders. Metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity is a multifactorial disorder that is observed in very low birth weight newborns. MBD of prematurity has a greater incidence in those extremely low birth weight infants. (Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - January 23, 2020 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Charalampos Dokos Tags: Editorial Source Type: research