Exploring Discharge Outcomes and Readmission Rates of Mothers Admitted to a Psychiatric Mother and Baby Unit
AbstractTo evaluate change in Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS) scores from admission to discharge, readmission rates after 28-day and six months post-discharge, and factors associated with readmission in a Mother and Baby Unit (MBU). An exploratory cohort study was completed of mother-infant dyads admitted to a public psychiatric MBU in Australia between March 2017 and August 2018 (18 months). Admission and discharge scores on the clinician-rated Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS) were compared using dependent samplest-tests. The frequency of readmission to any psychiatric inpatient unit within six months...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - October 4, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Influence on Stress and Early Responsiveness Outcomes for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress
AbstractThe present study investigated whether rTMS treatment for depression reduced stress and whether early responsiveness of rTMS predicted outcomes for depression, anxiety, and stress at the conclusion of treatment. Participants (n = 109) were inpatients at a psychiatric hospital referred for rTMS for depression. Linear mixed models were used to analyse data across time and regression analyses were used to assess early responsiveness. Effect sizes, and clinically significant and reliable change were also analysed. Decreases in scor es for depression, anxiety, and stress were evident from pre- to mid-treatment, and fr...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - October 4, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
COVID-19 Pandemic Support Programs for Healthcare Workers and Implications for Occupational Mental Health: A Narrative Review
AbstractThis narrative review aims to summarize initiatives developed during the COVID-19 pandemic to support healthcare workers ’ emotional well-being within the context of a pre-existing framework of occupational mental health guidelines. This occupational mental health framework integrates principles from multiple disciplines to optimize prevention and management of mental health issues among employees. We conducted an o nline search on Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase for studies that reported on design or execution of medical institution-based interventions, aiming to support healthcare worker mental hea...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - October 4, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
School Supports for Reintegration Following a Suicide-Related Crisis: A Mixed Methods Study Informing Hospital Recommendations for Schools During Discharge
AbstractThe immediate period following psychiatric hospitalization is marked by increased risk for suicide behavior and rehospitalization. Because adolescents commonly return to school settings following hospital discharge, school-related stressors and supports are important considerations for psychiatric treatment and discharge planning. The current study aimed to inform recommendations provided by hospitals to schools to improve school reintegration practices by employing a concurrent, mixed-methods design. Specifically, we: (1) surveyed school professionals (n = 133) in schools varying in resource availability and p...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - October 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Plasma Soluble P-selectin, Interleukin-6 and S100B Protein in Patients with Schizophrenia: a Pilot Study
AbstractMicroglial activation has long been posited to be involved in the neurobiology of schizophrenia. However, recent studies indicate that schizophrenia is associated with astrocytic activation, rather than microglia activation. Moreover, elevated levels of peripheral inflammatory cytokines associated with schizophrenia could induce or reflect brain inflammation. Therefore, based on: 1) findings of a periphery-to-brain communication pathway involving the cell adhesion molecule, P-selectin, in animal models; 2) dysregulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and elevated levels of the astrocytic marker, S100B protein, in patients wit...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - October 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Exploring Social Context and Psychological Distress in Adult Canadians with Cannabis Use Disorder: To What Extent Do Social Isolation and Negative Relationships Predict Mental Health?
The objectives of this study were to explore perceived social support, negative social interactions, and psychological distress in Canadian adults who experience lifetime abuse, or dependence on cannabis (ADC), and to determine whether, and the extent to which variables of interest predict psychological distress. Data were extracted from a cross-sectional, national datafile representing a sample of 1503 individuals who met the criteria for a lifetime prevalence of ADC. Levels of perceived overall social support, and several subtypes were measured using the Social Provisions Scale (SPS), negative social interactions were as...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 28, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Bipolar Disorder Related Hospitalizations – a Descriptive Nationwide Study Using a Big Data Approach
AbstractBipolar Disorder (BD) is a mental disorder which frequently requires long hospitalizations and need for acute psychiatric care. The aim of this study was to describe a nationwide perspective of BD related hospitalizations and to use a BigData based approach in mental health research. We performed a retrospective o bservational study using a nationwide hospitalization database containing all hospitalizations registered in Portuguese public hospitals from 2008-2015. Hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of BD were selected based on International Classification of Diseases version 9, Clinical Modification ( ICD...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 28, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Involuntary Psychiatric Hospitalization: How Patient Characteristics Affect Decision-Making
AbstractEmergency department (ED) psychiatrists face the consequential decision to pursue involuntary inpatient psychiatric admission. Research on the relationship between patient characteristics and the decision to pursue involuntary psychiatric admission is limited. Using data from 2017 to 2018 at an urban Los Angeles hospital, we used generalized linear mixed effects models to compare patients who were involuntarily admitted to inpatient psychiatry to patients who were discharged from the ED. Of 2,448 patients included in the study, 1,217 (49.7%) were involuntarily admitted to inpatient psychiatry and 1,231 (50.3%) were...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 18, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The Association Between Service Connection and Treatment Outcome in Veterans Undergoing Residential PTSD Treatment
AbstractThe Department of Veterans Affairs has invested significant time and resources into the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite concerted efforts, a significant portion of patients do not respond optimally to trauma-focused treatment. One of the factors that has been hypothesized to be associated with treatment response is participation in the Veterans Benefits Administration service-connected disability process. This factor may be particularly relevant in the residential treatment setting, where most participants are engaged in the compensation seeking process. We conducted a retrospective chart...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 17, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Impact Evaluation of Technology Driven Mental Health Capacity Building in Bihar, India
AbstractTask-shifting is an important means to address the barrier of inadequate specialist human resources for mental health in countries such as India. This paper aims to report the impact of one such task-shifting initiative. Twenty-two non-specialist Medical Officers of Bihar, an eastern Indian state were engaged in a ten-month long hybrid (a 15-days onsite orientation to psychiatry and periodic online mentoring in primary care psychiatry) training program to enable them to identify commonly presenting psychiatric disorders in their respective clinics. 20 online sessions (hub and spoke ECHO model) occurred over the nex...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 12, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Postpartum Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Following Cesarean Section —the Mediating Effect of Sense of Control
AbstractOur aim is to clarify the differences in post-traumatic symptom levels between women who had emergency cesarean sections (C-sections) and women who had elective ones and investigate the function of sense of control in post-traumatic symptoms development. On the fourth day after the C-section, participants were recruited and completed a demographic and background questionnaire. Six to eight weeks later, they received continuation questionnaires. A total of 161 women who underwent Cesarean-sections participated in the study ’s final sample. Women above the age of 18, who gave birth by elective or emergency cesarean...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 7, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Household Chaos and Child Behavior Problems Predict Maternal Well-being
AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate predictors of maternal well-being in mothers of twins. As well as being important in its own right, maternal well-being is a crucial predictor of parenting (Belsky in Child Dev. 55(1):83,1984). Based on previous research (Pike et al. in Int J Beh Dev. 30(1):55 –66,2006) we expected that household chaos (Confusion, Hubbub, and Order) and child behavior problems would predict maternal depression, stress and anxiety. The data for the study was taken from the Twins, Family and Behavior Study (TFaB) -- a longitudinal UK study of twins born in 2009 and 2010. One hundred and fifty...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Psychiatrists ’ Experience of Vocational Rehabilitation for Patients with Mental Illness
AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore psychiatrists ’ experience of vocational rehabilitation for patients with mental illness. The study employed a qualitative design to explore psychiatrists’ experience of vocational rehabilitation. Ten psychiatrists, five women and five men, 33–62 years of age (median 40), were interviewed. All of them work ed with patients at Sahlgrenska University Hospital. The interviews were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. All participants considered vocational rehabilitation to be of great importance for patients’ well-being and health. The results were characterized by ...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - August 27, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Preliminary Evidence for Sociotropy and Autonomy in Relation to Antidepressant Treatment Outcome
AbstractSociotropy and autonomy are cognitive-personality styles that have been hypothesized to confer vulnerability to different presentations of major depressive disorder (MDD), which may respond differentially to treatment. Specifically, the profile of low sociotropy and high autonomy is hypothesized to indicate a positive response to antidepressant medication. The current study examines sociotropy and autonomy in relation to sertraline treatment response in individuals with MDD. As part of an ancillary study to the larger Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care (EMBARC) pr...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - August 27, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Examination of Gender Differences in the Influence of Social Support on Psychological Distress in Canadian Adults with Bipolar Disorder
The objectives of this study were to determine whether gender differences exist in how social support, and different types of support, impact psychological distress among Canadian adults with bipolar I and bipolar II disorder (BD), to examine whether females and males with BD differ in their perceived levels of support and distress compared to females and males without BD, and to investigate whether females and males with BD perceive different levels of support and distress. Using a cross-sectional, national datafile, 281 females and 282 males (20 –64 years) who reported being diagnosed with BD were investigated using t...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - August 27, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
