Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Elderly Psychiatric Patients: a Longitudinal Study
AbstractThe study was designed to investigate the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health and perceived psychosocial support for elderly psychiatric patients in a longitudinal design.n = 32 patients with affective or anxiety disorders aged ≥60 years were included. Telephone interviews were conducted in April/May 2020 (T1) and August 2020 (T2). The psychosocial impact (PSI) of the pandemic and psychopathology were measured. Changes between T1 and T2 were examined. Patients’ psychosocial support system six months before the pandemic and at T1/T2 was assessed. We found a significan...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Understanding the Barriers and Facilitators to Employment for People with Bipolar Disorder
Abstract
People with Bipolar Disorder (BD) consistently report a desire for employment; however, this is not reflected in employment figures. Individuals ’ perceptions of barriers to employment, along with endorsement of facilitators to employment remain under-investigated. We aimed to address this limitation by: (i) first examining differences in employed versus unemployed individuals (demographic, clinical, functioning); then (ii) identifying bar riers and/or facilitators to employment, perception of same, and subsequent impact on employment. We assessed demographics, functioning, and illness-related characteristics...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mental Health and Quality & amp; Safety of Care in Czech Residential Institutions during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study
AbstractLong-stay institutions have been considerably affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to assess the mental health of clients and staff as well as quality and safety of care in long-stay institutions during the state-of-emergency in the Czech Republic in response to COVID-19 pandemic. We found a high prevalence of poor mental health outcomes in clients (46% poor well-being, 58% depression, 45% anxiety) and staff (17% poor well-being, 22% depression, 14% anxiety). In clients, COVID-19 health-related and economic worries were associated with depression (1.79, 95% CI = 1.14; 2.8 and 2.28, 95% CI = 1.27; 4....
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
“It Makes us Realize that We Have Been Heard”: Experiences with Open Dialogue in Vermont
AbstractThe Open Dialogue approach was developed in Finland as a form of psychotherapy and a way to organize mental health systems. Open Dialogue has drawn global interest leading to adaptations worldwide, including in Vermont-US where it is called Collaborative Network Approach. Our study aimed to investigate the experiences of families who received Collaborative Network Approach in two agencies in Vermont. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 persons receiving services. Seven themes emerged: 1) network focus, 2) decision-making, 3) structure of care, 4) use of reflections, 5) medications, 6) hospitalizations, 7)...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A Novel Refractory Mood Disorders and Electroconvulsive Therapy Elective for Medical Students: Fighting Stigma through Experience
Abstract
Treatment resistant mood disorders (TRMD) have a significant impact on patients and society. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been shown to be effective for treatment resistant depression (TRD). Despite the effectiveness and safety of ECT, there remains significant stigma surrounding its use. Studies worldwide have shown that many medical students receive their knowledge from the media, which often portrays ECT in a negative light, and very few have exposure to ECT prior to their psychiatric clinical rotations. In this article we highlight the importance of medical education and introduce a novel approach in...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Understanding Perceptions of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Descriptive and Injunctive Norms
AbstractNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a major public health concern. Web-based personalized feedback interventions (PFIs) may be a cost-effective and efficient way to treat NSSI. In order to develop a PFI, it is imperative to assess descriptive and injunctive norms. The current study examines descriptive and injunctive norms of NSSI within college students and adults in the community, comparing how perceived norms may differ for those who do or do not engage in NSSI. Study 1 calculated percentages of NSSI behavior within the student sample. Study 2 then examined perceived descriptive and injunctive norms between thos...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Structured Evaluation of Rehabilitation Programs Outcomes in Psychiatry: Application of a Recovery-Centered Model
This study aims to apply an operational structured outcome indicator model (hospitalizations, continuity of care, LAI treatment adherence, working support) through a rec overy-centered model in a rehabilitation community in Milan. This observational-retrospective study included 111 patients from a University High Assistance Rehabilitation Community (C.R.A.) based in Milan. Psychopathological and psychosocial functioning was evaluated with Kennedy Axis V, Brief Psych iatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Life Skills Profile (LSP), AR module of the VADO scale. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 19. Student...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Impact Evaluation of Technology Driven Mental Health Capacity Building in Bihar, India
AbstractTask-shifting is an important means to address the barrier of inadequate specialist human resources for mental health in countries such as India. This paper aims to report the impact of one such task-shifting initiative. Twenty-two non-specialist Medical Officers of Bihar, an eastern Indian state were engaged in a ten-month long hybrid (a 15-days onsite orientation to psychiatry and periodic online mentoring in primary care psychiatry) training program to enable them to identify commonly presenting psychiatric disorders in their respective clinics. 20 online sessions (hub and spoke ECHO model) occurred over the nex...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Long Working Hours, Precarious Employment and Anxiety Symptoms Among Working Chinese Population in Hong Kong
This study aimed to examine the association between working hours and anxiety of a working population in Hong Kong. We used a cross sectional data from a population-based household survey of Hong Kong Chinese adults. Key measures included employment status, skill level, working hours, length of stay at current job and anxiety level. Symptoms of anxiety were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). The data were analysed using logistic regression. Chinese adults who had long working hours ( ≥ 72 h per week) had higher odds of developing symptoms of anxiety than those who worked for ≤ 36 h pe...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Attachment Anxiety Moderates the Association Between ADHD and Psychological Distress
This study aims at examining the possible moderating role of attachment style in the association between ADHD and psychological distress, namely, anxiety and depression symptoms. Study included ninty nine participants: Sixty adults with ADHD diagnosis and thirty nine adults without ADHD or other neurological and/or psychiatric disorders. All participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), State-Trait Anxiety (STAI) questionnaires, Emotion in Close Relationships (ECR-R) questionnaire and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale –Version 1.1 (ASRS-v1.1). Adults with ADHD had greater symptoms of depression (p < ...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mental Imagery in Patients with Prolonged Grief Disorder: a Comparison with Matched Bereaved Healthy Controls
This study is the first to investigate mental imagery in individuals suffering from Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD), a new disorder which will be included into the new edition of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11).Our objective was to find out to what extent patients suffering from PGD differ from healthy, but equally bereaved, controls in terms of mental imagery, and how mental imagery is related to psychopathology. Patients with PGD and matched bereaved healthy controls (n = 54) completed a mental imagery questionnaire specifically designed for the study, and other establi...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Urgent Psychiatric Consultations at Mental Health Center during COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Observational Study
This study is aimed at comparing the urgent psychiatric consultations (UPC) performed at the outpatient Mental Health Center (MHC) of Modena during the coronavirus outbreak period, from 1 March to 31 August 2020, with the same period in 2019. We retrospectively collected in a database the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who required UPC in the MHC during the 6-month observation periods in both 2019 and 2020. Data were statistically analyzed. We analyzed 656 urgent psychiatric consultations in 2019 and 811 in 2020, requested by 425 patients in 2019 and 488 in 2020, respectively. In the pandemic period, ...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Virtual Reality Exposure Treatment in Phobias: a Systematic Review
AbstractWe compare the relative efficacy of virtual reality therapy exposure (VRET) versusin vivo therapy exposure among individuals suffering from phobias. A systematic search was completed up to 03 April 2020, using the following databases: ACM Digital Library, ResearchGate, IEEE, Science Direct, MIT PressJournals, Center for Direct Scientific Communication (CCSD) and Mary Ann Liebert Publishers. Five authors searched the databases using the following terms: Virtual Reality, Phobia, Mental health, Computing, Therapy, HMD, CAVE, Virtual ambient,in virtuo, Avoidance, Exposure, VRET, in vivo, Anxiety, Agoraphobia, Social Ph...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Beyond the Cuckoo ’s Nest: Patient and Public Attitudes about Psychiatric Electroceutical Interventions
AbstractRecent research emphasizes the role of psychiatric electroceutical interventions (PEIs), bioelectronic treatments that employ electrical stimulation to affect and modify brain function, to effectively treat psychiatric disorders. We sought to examine attitudes about three PEIs —electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and deep brain stimulation—among patients with depression and members of the general public. As part of a larger study to assess different stakeholders’ attitudes about PEIs, we conducted semi-structured key informant interviews wi th 16 individuals living with depression an...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Prevalence and Impact of Treatment-Resistant Depression in Latin America: a Prospective, Observational Study
AbstractApproximately one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The TRAL study will evaluate the prevalence and impact of TRD among patients with MDD in four Latin American countries. In this multicenter, prospective, observational study, patients with MDD were recruited from 33 reference sites in Mexico, Colombia, Brazil, and Argentina. Patients were assessed for TRD, defined as failure to respond to ≥ 2 antidepressant medications of adequate dose and duration. Demographics, previous/current treatments, depressive symptoms, functioning, healthcare resource...
Source: Psychiatric Quarterly - November 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
