Influence of Neighborhood Built Environments on the Outdoor Free Play of Young Children: a Systematic, Mixed-Studies Review and Thematic Synthesis
We examined evidence for urban or suburban built environment influences on outdoor free play in 0 –6-year-olds, considering potential differences across gender, culture, and geography. We systematically searched seven literature databases for relevant qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies: of 5740 unique studies, 53 met inclusion criteria. We assessed methodological quality and thematically synthesized findings from included studies. Three broad themes, features of spaces for play, routes, and social factors intersected to influence the availability, accessibility, and acceptability of neighborhoods for yo...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - December 19, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Trends in Temperature-associated Mortality in S ão Paulo (Brazil) between 2000 and 2018: an Example of Disparities in Adaptation to Cold and Heat
AbstractExposure to non-optimal temperatures remains the single most deathful direct climate change impact to health. The risk varies based on the adaptation capacity of the exposed population which can be driven by climatic and/or non-climatic factors subject to fluctuations over time. We investigated temporal changes in the exposure –response relationship between daily mean temperature and mortality by cause of death, sex, age, and ethnicity in the megacity of São Paulo, Brazil (2000–2018). We fitted a quasi-Poisson regression model with time-varying distributed-lag non-linear model (tv-DLNM) to obtain annual estim...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - December 1, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Associations of Cumulative and Point-in-Time Neighborhood Poverty and Walkability with Body Mass from Age 30 to 39
This study examined associations of body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) with neighborhood-level walkability and poverty, both assessed concurrently and cumulatively in the years leading up to BMI assessment. Participants (N = 808) were from a cohort study of individuals originally recruited from public schools in Seattle, Washington, in fifth grade in 1985. Height and weight for BMI were obtained at four assessments at ages: 30 (in 2005), 33, 35, and 39. Participants also completed residential timelines listing ea ch address where they lived from ages 28 to 39, creating a continuous record of addresses and moves. Neighborhood...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - December 1, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The Differences by Sex and Gender in the Relationship Between Urban Greenness and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review
Abstract
In an increasingly urbanized world, where cardiometabolic issues in cities have raised public health concerns, urban greenness is known to be beneficial for some of the most common health issues. However, the examination of the contribution of sex and gender regarding the benefits of urban greenness for people ’s cardiometabolic health is lacking. For that reason, we conducted a systematic review of previous literature on the topic following the PRISMA methodology. Additionally, we assessed the quality of the included articles, which we found satisfactory as most papers were of very good or good quality . We ...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - December 1, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Association between Gentrification and Health and Healthcare Utilization
AbstractThere is tremendous interest in understanding how neighborhoods impact health by linking extant social and environmental drivers of health (SDOH) data with electronic health record (EHR) data. Studies quantifying such associations often use static neighborhood measures. Little research examines the impact of gentrification —a measure of neighborhood change—on the health of long-term neighborhood residents using EHR data, which may have a more generalizable population than traditional approaches. We quantified associations between gentrification and health and healthcare utilization by linking longitudinal socio...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - December 1, 2022 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
