Assessing the Impact of Urban Environments on Mental Health and Perception Using Deep Learning: A Review and Text Mining Analysis
AbstractUnderstanding how outdoor environments affect mental health outcomes is vital in today ’s fast-paced and urbanized society. Recently, advancements in data-gathering technologies and deep learning have facilitated the study of the relationship between the outdoor environment and human perception. In a systematic review, we investigate how deep learning techniques can shed light on a better understanding of the influence of outdoor environments on human perceptions and emotions, with an emphasis on mental health outcomes. We have systematically reviewed 40 articles published in SCOPUS and the Web of Science databas...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 11, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Trends and Inequalities in Maternal and Newborn Health Services for Unplanned Settlements of Lusaka City, Zambia
This study examined trends and inequalities in coverage of MNH services in the last 20 years in unplanned and planned settlements of Lusaka City, Zambia. Geospatial information was used to map Lusaka ’s settlements and health facilities. Zambia Demographic Health Surveys (ZDHS 2001, 2007, 2013/2014, and 2018) were used to compare antenatal care (ANC), institutional delivery, and Cesarean section (C-section) coverage, and neonatal mortality rates between the poorer 60% and richer 40% households . Health Management Information System (HMIS) data from 2018 to 2021 were used to compute service volumes and coverage rates for ...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 8, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Fatal Police Shootings of Victims with Mental Health Crises: A Descriptive Analysis of Data from the 2014 –2015 National Violent Death Reporting System
AbstractOne in five fatal police shooting victims may have been experiencing a mental health crisis (MHC) at the time of their death [1]. We use data on fatal police shootings from the National Violent Death Reporting System (2014 –2015) to (a) identify incidents where the victim is reported to have experienced an MHC at the time of their death, (b) describe the characteristics of these incidents, and (c) compare the characteristics of MHC to fatal police shootings where the victim was not experiencing an MHC at the time of their death. We systematically coded 633 fatal police shootings from 27 states. Descriptive statis...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 7, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Parenting Students and Indicators of Financial Stability, Health, and Academic Success: Findings from a Population-Based Sample of Public Urban University Students
This study examines the health, financial, and academic aspects of parenting students attending a large, urban public university, specifically comparing single parents to their married or cohabiting counterparts and non-parenting students in New York City. We collected data from 2104 participants, including 142 single parents and 119 married or cohabiting parents, through a cross-sectional survey. Using adjusted regression models, we evaluated the associations between parenting status and financial, health, and academic factors. Our findings reveal that, in comparison to non-parents, single parents are significantly more l...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 7, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Fatal Police Shootings of Victims with Mental Health Crises: A Descriptive Analysis of Data from the 2014 –2015 National Violent Death Reporting System
AbstractOne in five fatal police shooting victims may have been experiencing a mental health crisis (MHC) at the time of their death [1]. We use data on fatal police shootings from the National Violent Death Reporting System (2014 –2015) to (a) identify incidents where the victim is reported to have experienced an MHC at the time of their death, (b) describe the characteristics of these incidents, and (c) compare the characteristics of MHC to fatal police shootings where the victim was not experiencing an MHC at the time of their death. We systematically coded 633 fatal police shootings from 27 states. Descriptive statis...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 7, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Parenting Students and Indicators of Financial Stability, Health, and Academic Success: Findings from a Population-Based Sample of Public Urban University Students
This study examines the health, financial, and academic aspects of parenting students attending a large, urban public university, specifically comparing single parents to their married or cohabiting counterparts and non-parenting students in New York City. We collected data from 2104 participants, including 142 single parents and 119 married or cohabiting parents, through a cross-sectional survey. Using adjusted regression models, we evaluated the associations between parenting status and financial, health, and academic factors. Our findings reveal that, in comparison to non-parents, single parents are significantly more l...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 7, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Reimagining Urban Spaces: Green Spaces, Obesity, and Health Resilience in an Era of Extreme Heat
AbstractRecord-breaking heat waves intensified by climate change pose both environmental and health threats, necessitating a balance between urban sustainability and well-being. Extreme heat and limited green space access are drivers of obesity prevalence, with decreased proximity to green spaces correlating with higher rates of obesity in nearby communities. In contrast, access to such green spaces fosters physical activity, well-being, and community cohesion, especially crucial in marginalized communities facing health disparities due to historical policies like redlining and underinvestment in social gathering spaces. D...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - March 5, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Structural Discrimination against and Structural Support for Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People as a Predictor of Late HIV Diagnoses among Black Men who Have Sex with Men
AbstractBlack men who have sex with men (MSM) have been consistently reported to have the highest estimated HIV incidence and prevalence among MSM. Despite broad theoretical understanding that discrimination is a major social and structural determinant that contributes to disparate HIV outcomes among Black MSM, relatively little extant research has empirically examined structural discrimination against sexual minorities as a predictor of HIV outcomes among this population. The present study therefore examines whether variation in policies that explicitly discriminate against lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people and vari...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - February 28, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Associations Between Supported Accommodation and Health and Re-offending Outcomes: a Retrospective Data Linkage Study
We describe the impact of attending Rainbow Lodge (RL), a post-release supported accommodation service for men in Sydney, Australia, on criminal justice and emergency health outcomes. Our retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data includes 415 individuals referred to RL between January 2015 and October 2020. Outcomes of interest were rates of criminal charges, emergency department (ED) presentations and ambulance attendance; and time to first reincarceration, criminal charge, ED presentation and ambulance attendance. The exposure of interest was attending RL; covariates included demographic characteristics...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - February 13, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Well-being Effects of a Subsidy Retention Fund for Renovation of Dwellings of Locked-in Owners in Ghent
AbstractWith its subsidy retention fund, the city of Ghent targets homeowners, who live in a dwelling of bad quality and do not have the resources to renovate or move out. Being in this no-choice situation, they are locked-in homeowners. Through this innovative policy instrument, Ghent aims to improve the quality of its housing stock targeting households who may not take up other renovation-encouraging instruments. To reach the households who would otherwise not be able to renovate, important efforts in outreaching and offering technical and social guidance accompany the renovation subsidy. Guidance activities substantiall...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - February 12, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Vulnerability or Resiliency? A Two-Wave Panel Analysis of Social Network Factors Associated with Glycemic Levels among Mexican Immigrants in the Bronx, NYC, Before and During COVID-19
AbstractLatinos have high rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) yet are characterized as having health-promoting social networks. The impacts of COVID-19 on personal networks were complex, especially in urban areas with high proportion of immigrants such as the Bronx in NYC. Our objective was to test the extent to which network characteristics increase vulnerability or resiliency for glycemic control based on data gathered from Mexican-origin Bronx dwellers. We used two-wave panel study analyzing self-reported personal social networks (n=30participants; 600network members) and HbA1c levels via dried blood spots in 2019,...
Source: Journal of Urban Health - February 12, 2024 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
