The role of firearms in intimate partner violence: policy and research considerations
AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a major threat to women ’s safety and well-being worldwide. Firearms heighten this threat by increasing the morbidity and mortality of IPV. This paper focuses on the United States, a nation with high rates of IPV alongside high rates of gun ownership. The United States has implemented several policy approaches to reduce the harmful role that firearms play in IPV by limiting access to firearms for IPV offenders. One such law prohibits persons under Domestic Violence Restraining Orders (DVROs) from purchasing or possessing firearms or ammunition. Although DVRO firearm prohibitions...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - December 2, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Financing global health emergency response: outbreaks, not agencies
AbstractEffectively responding to global health emergencies requires substantial financial commitment from many stakeholders, including governments, multilateral agencies, and nongovernmental organizations. A major current policy challenge needs attention: how to better coordinate investment among actors aiming to address a common problem, disease outbreaks. For donors who commit colossal sums of money to outbreak response, the current model is neither efficient nor transparent. Innovative approaches to coordinate financing have recently been tested as part of a broader development agenda for humanitarian response. Adoptin...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - December 2, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Disease modeling for public health: added value, challenges, and institutional constraints
AbstractPublic health policymakers face increasingly complex questions and decisions and need to deal with an increasing quantity of data and information. For policy advisors to make use of scientific evidence and to assess available intervention options effectively and therefore indirectly for those deciding on and implementing public health policies, mathematical modeling has proven to be a useful tool. In some areas, the use of mathematical modeling for public health policy support has become standard practice at various levels of decision-making. To make use of this tool effectively within public health organizations, ...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - November 27, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Implementation of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax in low- and middle-income countries: recommendations for policymakers
AbstractLongitudinal and observational studies have found a link between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including obesity and diabetes. Following World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, SSB taxes have been implemented in over 40 countries and cities to reduce sugar consumption. Despite continuing battles with communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), an epidemiological transition towards NCDs warrants SSB tax implementation. However, LMICs face challenges when implementing SSB taxes including a lack of resources and opposing argumen...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - November 17, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
WFPHA: World federation of public health associations
(Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - November 10, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Prevalence of ‘Mother/Infant Friendly Worksite Designations’ and state laws regulating workplace breastfeeding support in the United States
AbstractHuman milk is the normative infant feeding standard. Yet breastfeeding rates in the United States are suboptimal as many women discontinue breastfeeding upon return to work. As a result, the Unites States Congress included theBreak time for Nursing Mothers law in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA). The law mandates that employers provide break time and a private space for employees to express breastmilk. This federal legislation does not cover all employees. The purpose of this project was to identify state legislation andMother/Infant Friendly Worksite Designations (MIFWD) that provide ad...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - November 5, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Legislation without implementation: a never-ending tragedy of the health system in Greece with sustainability of wasting resources
(Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - November 5, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
A health professional ’s guide to the intersection of public health with intellectual property rights in trade and investment: the case of tobacco plain packaging
AbstractIntellectual property law is a crucial determinant of global public health, capable of both endangering and facilitating advances in the health of populations. This Viewpoint explains the most important aspects of the interaction between intellectual property law and public health. We use the plain packaging of tobacco products to illustrate how public health policies may be subject to scrutiny under existing trade and investment law structures. Plain packaging of tobacco products is challenging to implement due to legal complexities and uncertainties surrounding the status of mandated plain packaging for consumer ...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - November 3, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Vaping among youth and young adults: a “red alert” state
AbstractThe use of e-cigarettes, otherwise known as ‘vaping’, has been increasing at alarming rates among youth and young adults. Although the long-term harms of vaping are still unclear, emerging evidence brings to light potential risks associated with vaping, especially for youth and non-smokers. This paper discusses nine viable policy measures that could limit the appeal of vaping products to youth and young adults and, in turn, reduce the potential harms of vaping. (Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - October 28, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Oil pipelines and food sovereignty: threat to health equity for Indigenous communities
AbstractEnergy projects may profoundly impact Indigenous peoples. We consider effects of Canada ’s proposed Trans Mountain oil pipeline expansion on the health and food sovereignty of the Tsleil-Waututh Nation (TWN) through contamination and impeded access to uncontaminated traditional foods. Federal monitoring and TWN documentation show elevated shellfish biotoxin levels in TWN’s traditio nal territory near the terminus where crude oil is piped. Although TWN restoration work has re-opened some shellfish-harvesting sites, pipeline expansion stands to increase health risk directly through rising bioaccumulating chemical...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 22, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
WFPHA: World federation of public health associations
(Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 22, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Effect of closure of live poultry markets in China on prevention and control of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza: a case study of four cities in Jiangsu Province
The objective of this study is to assess the impact of LPMs closure on reducing zoonotic transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus and to make specific recommendations on the duration of closing the LPMs. Results show that the closure of LPMs can effectively control the spread of H7N9 avian influenza and reduce the incidence of human infection with H7N9. If cases of H7N9 avian influenza continue to occur, LPMs should close for at least 3 –4 weeks in susceptible areas to control the spread of infection. (Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 15, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Optimizing the health benefits of climate change policies using health impact assessment
AbstractHealth impact assessment (HIA) is a tool that can be used to examine the potential health impacts of proposed climate change policies and offer recommendations to promote health and mitigate adverse health consequences of such policies. We used an HIA database, a literature search, and expert consultation to identify 12 HIAs of the proposed climate change policies from six states in the U.S. These policies included cap-and-trade legislation, heat-wave and sea-level-rise mitigation and adaptation, transportation policy impacts of climate change, carbon-reduction strategy scenarios, soil- and water-conservation strat...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 2, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Improving the prevention and diagnosis of melanoma on a national scale: A comparative study of performance in the United Kingdom and Australia
AbstractWe undertook this study in light of an uncontrolled rise of melanoma incidence and mortality rates in the United Kingdom (UK). We aim to assess the effectiveness of prevention and early melanoma diagnosis in the UK ’s National Health Service (NHS) in comparison to the Australian system that has limited the melanoma rise. We compare the prevention campaigns against skin cancer and the stage at which melanoma is diagnosed. We analyse key drivers of early diagnosis. Overall, Australia has performed better than the UK and provides an example for the UK’s NHS for better preventing melanoma and diagnosing it. Technol...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 1, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Nigerian rural mothers ’ knowledge of routine childhood immunizations and attitudes about use of reminder text messages for promoting timely completion
This study assessed mothers’ knowledge in rural communities about routine immunization and acceptability of mobile phone reminder text messages as an intervention for improving uptake and timely c ompletion of routine immunization. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design among 3440 consenting mothers of infants in six randomly selected Nigerian states and in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). We used a Focus Group Discussion guide and validated questionnaire to collect data; we analysed data using a thematic approach and descriptive statistics. Respondents’ ages were 26.7 ± 5.5 years. Knowledge o...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 18, 2019 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
