Richard Horton. The COVID-19 Catastrophe: What ’s gone wrong and how to stop it happening again
(Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 16, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Public health response to COVID-19: the forecaster ’s dilemma
(Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 8, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Governing antimicrobial resistance: a narrative review of global governance mechanisms
AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR), a central health challenge of the twenty first century, poses substantial population health risks, with deaths currently estimated to be around 700,000 per year globally. The international community has signaled its commitment to exploring and implementing effective policy responses to AMR, with a Global Action Plan on AMR approved by the World Health Assembly in 2015. Major governance challenges could thwart collective efforts to address AMR, along with limited knowledge about how to design effective global governance mechanisms. To identify common ground for more coordinated global...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 8, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Estimating of the costs of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses in agricultural works in Thailand
This study used data from Thailand ’s Universal Health Care System to estimate the medical costs of OIIs from agricultural work in Thailand. In 2017, OII medical costs totaled $47 million (USD), about ~ 0.2% of the gross domestic product produced by the Thai agricultural sector. We recommend that some of the national funds curren tly used for medical treatment of OIIs be used instead to develop and implement prevention programs in agriculture. This would improve not only worker health and safety, but also productivity. Availability of data on working conditions, injuries and illnesses, and especially lost time, lost in...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 6, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The effect of assisted dying on suicidality: a synthetic control analysis of population suicide rates in Belgium
This study aimed to determine the changes in population suicide rates in Belgium before and after its 2002 policy using the synthetic control method (SCM) and generalized synthetic control method (GSCM). As comparisons we used additional European Union members that have not adopted these policies. GSCM showed an average annual suicide rate increase of 0.73 per 100,000 population (95% CI − 5.7 to 7.2;p = 0.80). Placebo testing based on the SCM analysis showed equal outcomes for Belgium and the comparisons. This study failed to show evidence of association between implementation of legislation legitimizing assisted dy...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 6, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Registration pathways to accelerate regulatory assessment of innovative medicines in Latin America
We present a regional regulatory overview of innovative pathways to accelerate assessment of medicines by regulators to benefit patients in need. Most LATAM regulators we surveyed have implemented accelerated pathways. Adoption of good regulatory practices is key for success (World Health Organization, WHO, Good Regulatory Practices: guidelines for national regulatory authorities for medical products (World Health Organization, WHO, Good Regulatory Practices: guidelines for
national regulatory authorities for medical products. World Health Organization
QAS/16.686. WHO, 2016.https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quali...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - September 1, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Leveraging media and health communication strategies to overcome the COVID-19 infodemic
AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused a complementary infodemic, whereby various outlets and digital media portals shared false information and unsourced recommendations on health. In addition, journals and authors published a mass of academic articles at a speed that suggests a non-existent or a non-rigorous peer review process. Such lapses can promote false information and adoption of health policies based on misleading data. Reliable information is vital for designing and implementing preventive measures and promoting health awareness in the fight against COVID-19. In the age of social media, information travels wide...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 20, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Spatial prediction of childhood malnutrition across space in Nigeria based on point-referenced data: an SPDE approach
AbstractMalnutrition remains a leading cause of child mortality in Nigeria. The spatial analysis based on areal level approaches could, in reality, conceal variations at smaller units. Using point-referenced data from Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, we quantify the prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children in Nigeria at 1.63 by 1.63 km spatial resolution, and compute the exceedance probability maps for stunting, wasting and underweight at 20% threshold level using the stochastic partial differential equation approach with Bayesian inference based on integrated nested Laplace approximation. Results show ...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 16, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The Russian HIV residence ban and state control of migration
This article explores how the Russian state exercises power over international migrants by continuing a 1995 ban on residence for HIV-positive foreigners. International migrants look for work in Russia, the largest host country for migration in the region of East Europe and Central Asia. I conducted qualitative interviews with service providers and health experts and analyzed cases in the database of a Moscow-based non-governmental organization (NGO) where HIV-positive international migrants seek HIV care. To secure permits to work and reside in Russia, they must prove HIV-negative status. I explored how Russia created leg...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 16, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Social identity as a driver of adult chronic energy deficiency: analysis of rural Indian households
This study investigates the effect of social identity (caste, religion, gender, and asset) on adult chronic energy deficiency (CED) using the Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) data from 2005 and 2011. From 2005 to 2011, out of 63,323 adult individuals, four-fifths (85.7%) of men and two-fifths (44.7%) of women improved their health status from CED to non-CED. The lowest improvement was observed among Dalit (Scheduled Casts, Scheduled Tribes) women: 41.9% moved from CED to non-CED status. We also find significant differences in prevalence of CED between Dalit and non-Dalit individuals and households. To achieve a signi...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 12, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
The 2019 crisis in Chile: fundamental change needed, not just technical fixes to the health system
AbstractChile has been viewed as an exemplar of social and economic progress in Latin America, with its health system attracting considerable attention. Eruption of widespread civil disorder marred this image in 2019. We trace the evolution of Chilean health policy and place it in context with developments in other sectors, pensions and education. We argue that much has been achieved, but further progress will necessitate politicians tackling the enduring power of elites that has prevented reform of a two-tier system enshrined in policies of the dictatorship. (Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 2, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Infectious disease, public health, and politics: United States response to Ebola and Zika
AbstractPolitics, rather than disease characteristics, complicated the United States response to Ebola virus disease and Zika virus. We analyze how media and political elites shaped public opinion of the two outbreaks. We conducted a retrospective analysis of media coverage, Congressional floor speech, and public opinion polls to explain elite cueing and public perceptions of Ebola and Zika. We find evidence of elite cueing by Congress and the media on public opinion. Public opinion of both disease outbreaks initially followed partisan patterns. However, while Ebola public opinion remained partisan, ultimately, opinion eme...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 2, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Achieving HIV targets by 2030: the possibility of using debt relief funds for sustainable HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa
AbstractThis paper assesses the possibility of using debt relief funds to sustain HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, suppress transmission, and reach global goals to quell the epidemic by 2030. The cost of providing antiretroviral treatment is a huge burden on African countries. Concerns for Africa ’s capacity to keep pace with global advances are well founded. By analysing levels of ‘debt distress’, health expenditure per capita, and HIV antiretroviral therapy requirements in sub-Saharan African countries, the need for innovative finance with international cooperation emerges clearly. I n addition to the HIV epide...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - August 2, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Opioid exposure in newborns: lessons learned from fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
AbstractThe increasing incidence of opioid-exposed pregnancies in the United States is a concerning public health challenge. Analysis of the public health responses to prenatal alcohol exposure may inform future prevention and treatment strategies. Behavioral interventions, improved screening, and prenatal education may be effective measures to reduce prenatal exposure to opioids. Medicaid coverage should be expanded to cover substance misuse treatments for pregnant women. (Source: Journal of Public Health Policy)
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - July 28, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
How refugee youth use social media: what does this mean for improving their health and welfare?
We examined impacts of social media and information sharing applications on health, well-being, inclusion, and integration of refugees into host countries. Review findings reveal that refugee youth commonly use ICTs for social networking, presentation of self, health information consumption, and political rights. Studies suggest that uptake of social media through personal mobile devices, such as smartphones, positively enhanced interactions of newly arrived refugees. Our review identifies policy opportunities to enable social media to facilitate delivery of resettlement and health information, to foster integration for re...
Source: Journal of Public Health Policy - July 19, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
