A follow-up of undergraduate students five years after helping skills training.
In a 5-year follow-up assessment, 33 students who had taken an undergraduate helping skills course indicated that they had continued to use the helping skills in both their professional lives and personal relationships. On average, there were no significant changes from pretraining to follow-up on empathy, natural helping ability, or facilitative interpersonal skills. Furthermore, although students had increased in self-efficacy for using the skills during training, on average they maintained their self-efficacy levels at the follow-up. The 15 participants who had further mental health education, however, scored higher at ...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Meta-analytic path analysis of the social cognitive well-being model: Applicability across life domain, gender, race/ethnicity, and nationality.
We present a meta-analysis synthesizing the empirical findings of 100 studies (154 samples) on the SCWB model that appeared between 2004 and 2017. The original model provided good overall fit to the data across all samples, and most of the predictors produced paths that were consistent with hypotheses. A culture-modified version of the model, which includes indicators of independent/individualistic and interdependent/collectivistic cultural orientations, also fit the data well, offering initial evidence for the incremental validity of these cultural variables in predicting well-being. Multigroup analyses showed that the mo...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Decent and meaningful work: A longitudinal study.
A fundamental proposition of the psychology of working theory is that for work to be meaningful, it must first be decent. The psychology of working theory also suggests that decent work leads to meaningful work partly by helping workers meet their needs for social connection. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to contribute to both the meaningful work and psychology of working theory literatures by longitudinally examining the relation between decent and meaningful work and investigating 3 social connection mediators of this relation. We recruited a large online sample of working adults and surveyed them 4 tim...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
From pain to power: An exploration of activism, the #Metoo movement, and healing from sexual assault trauma.
In this qualitative study, we explored the role that social activism and #MeToo and other large scale antiviolence activist movements may play in sexual assault survivors’ healing process and how they navigate and make sense of their sexual assault experience. We interviewed 16 adult sexual assault survivors (13 women, 2 genderqueer/nonconforming individuals, and 1 identifying as a man and genderqueer) who were engaged in anti–sexual assault activism and analyzed their data using thematic analysis. Participants were predominately White and highly educated. We found that activism helped participants find their voice and...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Risk for psychotherapy drop-out in survival analysis: The influence of general change mechanisms and symptom severity.
Dropping out of psychotherapeutic treatment (i.e., the patient ending treatment unilaterally) poses a problem for patients, therapists, and the health care sector. Previous research showed that changes in symptom severity and general change mechanisms (GCMs), such as interpersonal experiences, intrapersonal experiences, and problem actuation, might be related to drop-out. We investigated the relationship of these predictors and drop-out in a sample of 724 patients (21.1% drop-out) receiving cognitive–behavioral therapy in routine care from a German outpatient clinic. Survival analysis was used to account for the longitud...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - March 19, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The roles of time discounting and delay of gratification in career outcomes.
Although career development prominently features intertemporal choices (in which choice consequences play out over time), little is known about how an individual should navigate intertemporal career choices to obtain desirable career outcomes. Using a sample of U.S. workers (n = 340), the current study examined the structural predictions of two general intertemporal choice orientations (i.e., time discounting and delay of gratification) and one career-specific intertemporal choice orientation (i.e., career commitment) for career and life satisfaction. The results supported a sequential dual mediator model in which time dis...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - February 10, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Self-critical perfectionism and lower daily perceived control predict depressive and anxious symptoms over four years.
This study of 152 community adults examined whether perfectionism interacts with daily perceived control to predict depressive and anxious symptoms over 4 years. Participants completed measures of higher-order perfectionism dimensions [self-critical (SC), personal standards (PS)] and neuroticism at time 1, daily diaries for 14 consecutive days to assess perceived control over most bothersome events at time 2 three years later, and measures of depressive and anxious symptoms at time 1, time 2, and time 3 four years after baseline. Hierarchical regression analyses of moderator effects demonstrated that individuals with highe...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - February 10, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A review and meta-analysis of perfectionism interventions: Comparing face-to-face with online modalities.
Extending Lloyd, Schmidt, Khondoker, and Tchanturia (2015), this review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of randomized controlled trials aimed at reducing perfectionism and associated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Of particular interest was the examination of a moderator of delivery method (face-to-face vs. online) in testing the effectiveness of psychological interventions. Also examined is the effect of two structural moderators (control condition type, sample characteristic). A total of 10 studies were identified (65 perfectionism effect sizes, 8 depression effect sizes, and 8 anxiety effect sizes). P...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - June 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Physiological synchrony and therapeutic alliance in an imagery-based treatment.
Client–therapist synchrony in various channels (e.g., self-reported affect or physical movement) has been shown as a key process in the construction and development of therapeutic alliance. However, psychophysiological synchrony between clients and therapists has been understudied, with the few extant studies typically relying on single-session data, and no studies examining it within the context of emotion-focused techniques. The main aim of the current paper is to examine the role of client–therapist physiological synchrony during segments of one emotion-focused technique—namely, imagery (IM) work—in predicting t...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - May 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Cognitive and affective expectation of stigma, coping efficacy, and psychological distress among sexual minority people of color.
In this study, data from 209 sexual minority people of color were analyzed using path analysis and bootstrap procedures to test direct and indirect relations among perceived discrimination, expectation of stigma, coping self-efficacy, and psychological distress. Analyses disaggregated expectation of stigma into its cognitive (i.e., perceived likelihood of stigma) and affective (i.e., worry and anxiety about stigma) components. Results revealed that perceived discrimination had a unique direct link with psychological distress. In addition, perceived discrimination was linked indirectly with greater distress through affectiv...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - May 30, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A caballo regalao no se le mira el colmillo: Colonial mentality and Puerto Rican depression.
Dignifying the colonizer and depreciating the colonized is a reflection of internalized colonial oppression (i.e., colonial mentality). The current study examined the effect of colonial mentality on depression symptoms in a sample of mainland Puerto Ricans (N = 352). A structural equation model was examined, in which colonial mentality was hypothesized to be directly and positively associated with depression symptoms. The proposed model also tested the indirect effect of colonial mentality on depression symptoms via acculturative stress. Results indicated that a full mediation structural equation model (SEM) had a better f...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 18, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The meaning of therapists’ hope for their clients: A phenomenological study.
Hope is often identified as a central process in psychotherapy, with researchers supporting links between clients’ hope, symptom distress, and process variables. However, this body of literature is yet to specifically ask what it means for psychotherapists to have hope for their clients. Our purpose, with this descriptive phenomenological study, was to understand the meaning of therapists’ hope for their clients. This information has the potential to better inform how therapists think about their own hope for clients and the ways in which this is transmitted to clients who may enter therapy in a state of hopelessness. ...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Surviving and thriving: Voices of Latina/o engineering students at a Hispanic serving institution.
This study examined factors that played a role in Latina/o undergraduate students’ persistence in engineering at a Hispanic serving institution (HSI; N = 10) using the consensual qualitative research method (CQR; Hill, Thompson, & Williams, 1997). Data analyses resulted in five domains: institutional conditions, additive intersectional burdens, personal and cultural wealth, coping skills, and engineering identity. Participants described how they persisted in the face of stressors, citing specific coping skills they developed over time as well as general personal and cultural strengths they carried with them into their pu...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The development and validation of the Emotional Cultivation Scale: An East Asian cultural perspective.
Research on emotion regulation in East Asian children and adolescents is limited. One obstacle hindering the development of emotion regulation for East Asian children and adolescents is the lack of a culturally sensitive measure. To fill this gap, we have developed and validated the Emotional Cultivation Scale using samples of Taiwanese children and adolescents. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (n = 341) identified two factors: Cultivating Emotion Strategies and Understanding Emotion Connotations. A confirmatory factor analysis (n = 358) confirmed this two-factor structure. Coefficient αs were .69 to .88 for Emo...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Decent work and well-being among low-income Turkish employees: Testing the psychology of working theory.
This study examined the applicability of the Psychology of Working Theory (PWT), which emphasizes the role of socioeconomic constraints in shaping work and well-being outcomes, in a non-Western, collectivist cultural framework. Specifically, we tested the associations of social class with work volition and career adaptability in predicting decent work and job and life satisfaction with a sample of 401 low-income Turkish employees. Results of structural equation modeling analyses supported all hypothesized paths of the proposed model. Social class predicted decent work directly and indirectly through work volition and caree...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - March 28, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
