Cultural stress, daily well-being, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms among Hispanic college students.
The present study was designed to examine the extent to which, in a sample of 873 Hispanic college students, daily levels of, and variability in, well-being would mediate the predictive effects of culturally related stressors (discrimination, negative context of reception, and bicultural stress) on internalizing and externalizing symptoms 11 days later. A 12-day daily diary design was utilized, where reports of cultural stressors were gathered on Day 1, daily well-being reports were gathered on Days 2–11, and outcomes were measured on Day 12 (with controls for Day 1 levels of these same outcomes). Structural equation mod...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - February 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The identification and validation of five types of career indecision: A latent profile analysis of career decision-making difficulties.
Diagnosing the causes of clients’ career indecision is among the first steps in career counseling. The present study applied latent profile analysis to identify career indecision types using the 10 difficulty scale scores of the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire (Gati et al., 1996). In two random U.S. samples (Ntotal = 8,918; age range = 14–50), five profiles of career indecision were identified and replicated: (1) unmotivated (6%), (2) generally indecisive (31%), (3) unrealistic (12%), (4) uninformed (39%), and (5) conflicted (12%). Age and gender negligibly predicted career indecision type, thereby su...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - January 13, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The interplay between agency and therapeutic bond in predicting symptom severity in long-term psychotherapy.
This study investigated the interplay between agency and therapeutic bond in predicting patient symptoms in outpatient psychotherapy. A total of N = 731 patients provided measurements of agency (Therapeutic Agency Inventory; TAI), therapeutic bond (bond subscale of Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form Revised [WAI-SR]), and symptoms (Symptom Checklist Short Form [SCL-K11]) every fifth session of long-term treatment for up to 60 sessions. When investigated in separate models, both more agency and a stronger therapeutic bond predicted symptom improvement. However, within-person changes and between-person differences in agen...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - December 30, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Policy attitudes toward adolescents transitioning gender.
Anti-transgender policies and state legislative initiatives that focus on school bathroom use and hormone use have emerged in recent years. These policies are generally written by and voted on by cisgender people, and as such, it is crucial to understand influences on nonaffirming attitudes toward policies that can impact trans youth. The present study aimed to extend research on transphobic attitudes in general to attitudes toward policies that impact youth undergoing transition. Latent variable covariances and structural equation modeling were used to test the relations between transphobia, genderism, homophobia, need fo...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - December 30, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Socially prescribed perfectionism predicts next-day binge eating behaviors over 20-days.
Existing research on perfectionism and binge eating suggests that socially prescribed, self-oriented, and other-oriented perfectionism (Socially Prescribed Perfectionism, SPP; Self-Oriented Perfectionism, SOP; and Other-Oriented Perfectionism, OOP) are differentially related to binge eating. However, previous studies have largely utilized cross-sectional methodology. The present study used a 20-day daily diary methodology to examine associations between daily levels of perfectionistic dimensions and next-day binge eating behaviors with a nonclinical sample of emerging adults (N = 263). Zero-inflated negative binomial regre...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - December 23, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The “dyadic dance”: Exploring therapist–client dynamics and client symptom change using actor–partner interdependence modeling and multilevel mixture modeling.
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 69(4) of Journal of Counseling Psychology (see record 2022-76740-001). In the article, the scale for the Working Alliance Inventory—Short Revised (WAI-SR) was incorrectly described in the Measures section as a “5-point scale ranging from 1 to 5.” The WAI-SR used the original 7-point scale ranging from 1 to 7. All versions of this article have been corrected.] Using longitudinal actor–partner interdependence modeling and multilevel mixture modeling, the aims of this study were to investigate the therapist–client dyadic dynamic patterns (i.e., ther...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - December 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
How young psychotherapists experience working with older patients.
Preliminarily findings from experimental and survey research suggests that psychotherapy with older adults is an area of practice in which psychotherapists do not feel positive and confident. This qualitative study is the first to explore how young psychotherapists experience and perceive their therapeutic work with older patients. To do so, we provide an in-depth perspective of how young (aged 27–35) psychotherapists experience providing psychotherapeutic treatment for older patients (aged over 65). Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 psychotherapists in training (14 women, six men). They were recruited via...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The “roller coaster ride”: A longitudinal investigation of the dynamic relationship between Chinese counseling trainees’ self-efficacy and their clients’ outcome and the mediating effects of working alliance and session evaluation.
[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 69(4) of Journal of Counseling Psychology (see record 2022-76740-002). In the article, the scale for the Working Alliance Inventory—Short Revised (WAI-SR) was incorrectly described in the Measures section as a “5-point scale that ranges from 1 to 5.” The WAI-SR used the original 7-point scale ranging from 1 to 7. All versions of this article have been corrected.] Based on the social-cognitive theory, this study investigated the dynamic association between counseling trainees’ self-efficacy and their clients’ outcome (i.e., symptom distress), and ...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Walking out on hate: A qualitative investigation of how and why White supremacists quit hate groups.
Through in-depth, semistructured interviews with former White supremacists (N = 9), the authors explored how and why former White supremacists left their hate groups, and why some chose to then speak out against their former racist ideologies. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA; Smith et al., 2009), the authors identified nine themes related to the process of leaving one’s hate group and becoming an antihate activist. Participants initially left their hate groups because of both painful and encouraging interactions with members of marginalized communities, which led to the disintegration of their White s...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Exploring Black adolescent males’ experiences with racism and internalized racial oppression.
We explore Black male high school students’ perceptions of racial oppression, their internalization of racial oppression, and the impact of these experiences on their academic lives. Using constructivist grounded theory, 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Black adolescent boys. Results identified five core categories: (a) racial socialization, (b) understandings of and experiences with racism, (c) emotional and behavioral responses to racism, (d) internalization of racial oppression, and (e) school resistance and support needed. Based on these categories, we developed an ecological model of Black male stud...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 22, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Psychotherapy session frequency: A naturalistic examination in a university counseling center.
With increasing demand for psychotherapy services, clinicians are carrying increasingly large caseloads (Bailey et al., 2020). As the number of new intakes exceeds the number of clinical hours available each week in some settings, psychotherapy is delivered on an attenuated schedule for returning clients (rather than the traditional weekly frequency); there is, however, little support for the efficacy of this practice. The present study explored the effect of session frequency on psychotherapy outcomes using a quasi-randomized controlled design. In a working university counseling center, we assigned therapists to either a ...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 15, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Applying social cognitive career theory to the study abroad choice process.
This study adapted the social cognitive models of career choice (Lent et al., 1994) and self-management (Lent & Brown, 2013) to examine predictors of study abroad interest and choice intentions. The psychometric properties of new and revised domain-specific measures of self-efficacy, outcome expectations, supports, and barriers were first assessed with an initial sample of 325 college students. The measures yielded an 8-factor structure and adequate reliability and validity estimates. The factor structure was cross-validated in an independent sample of students (N = 277). Support was also found for a higher order model of ...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 15, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Other- (vs. self-) oriented meaning interventions enhance momentary work engagement through changes in work meaningfulness.
We tested whether a short, online meaning intervention boosts momentary work engagement (MWE) through an increase in perceived work meaningfulness. In Study 1 (N = 227), employees who were asked to write why their work was meaningful subsequently experienced higher work meaningfulness and higher MWE compared to a control group. Work meaningfulness mediated the relationship between the intervention and MWE. Study 2, conducted among employees (N = 254), found that writing about how one’s work serves a greater good (vs. how it advances personal career, vs. control) led to an increase in work meaningfulness, which consequent...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 15, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Cultural humility, working alliance, and Outcome Rating Scale in psychodynamic psychotherapy: Between-therapist, within-therapist, and within-client effects.
We examined how client working alliance (CWA) and therapist working alliance (TWA), and client-rated functioning (Outcome Rating Scale, ORS) related to client-perceived Cultural Humility (CH) of their therapist across the course of open-ended psychodynamic psychotherapy for 118 clients and 17 therapists. Clients and therapists completed measures of the WA after every session and clients completed the ORS prior to every session. Clients also judged their therapists’ CH at Session 3, 8, and then every 8th session. CH data was partitioned into within-client, within-therapist, and between-therapists components and used to pr...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 15, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Testing the effectiveness of an SCT-based training program in enhancing health self-efficacy and outcome expectations among college peer educators.
Peer health education (PHE) is a widely implemented prevention approach among college populations. While social cognitive theory (SCT; Bandura, 2004) has been assumed to account for the underlying mechanisms of PHE, no studies have tested the utility of an SCT-based training program in improving health-related outcomes among peer educators. The present study developed, implemented, and tested the effectiveness of a 15-week, SCT-based wellness coaching training program in enhancing health self-efficacy (HSE) and outcome expectations (HOE) among undergraduate peer educators. The quasi-experimental design included an SCT trai...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - November 4, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
