Perceiving a calling, living a calling, and calling outcomes: How mentoring matters.
In this study, we integrate two careers-related literatures—callings research and mentoring research—by examining how mentoring relationships might help close the gap between people’s perception of a calling and actually living out their calling. Drawing on work as calling theory (WCT; Duffy, Dik, Douglass, England, & Velez, 2018) as a framework, our results first revealed that, consistent with previous research, perceiving a calling is an important antecedent to living a calling. However, in our sample of 129 U.S. teachers, results further showed that the relationship between perceiving a calling and living a callin...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - June 25, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Group as a social microcosm: The reciprocal relationship between intersession intimate behaviors and in-session intimate behaviors.
We examined intersession and in-session intimate behaviors, at the within-member (differences in intimate behaviors between weeks/sessions), between-member (average differences in intimate behaviors between group members) and between-groups (group-level differences in intimate behaviors). Participants were 178 graduate students (86% identifying as women and 14% as men) participating in 10 5-session growth groups led by experienced group therapists. Before group sessions, group members completed the Interpersonal Relations Scale Checklist (IRScl; Shadish, 1984) indicating their number of intersession intimate behaviors for ...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - June 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Within-person predictors and outcomes of daily sexual orientation self-presentation among plurisexual women.
This study tested a within-person model of theoretical predictors and outcomes of self-presentational accuracy in a sample of 165 cisgender plurisexual women. Participants completed online surveys to report on situations involving self-presentation decisions as they occurred over a 14-day period. Participants also completed nightly surveys assessing facets of well-being. Self-presentational accuracy varied substantially from day to day. Several contextual and relational factors, including acceptance and rejection cues, interaction partners’ sexual orientation, and interpersonal closeness, predicted self-presentational ac...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - June 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Development and initial validation of the Queer People of Color Identity Affirmation Scale.
This article presents the development and initial validation of the Queer People of Color Identity Affirmation Scale (QPIAS). First, items were developed through interviews with SM-PoC (N = 10) and then pilot-tested (N = 293). We then administered the scale to a second sample of SM-PoC (N = 703), which was randomly divided for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The final QPIAS consists of 12 items and 2 subscales: Identity-Based Growth and Identity Cohesion. Participant performance on the final QPIAS was compared to other constructs of identity and psychosocial wellbeing to assess convergent validity. As predict...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - May 14, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Dynamic changes in generalized anxiety and depression during counseling.
Comorbidity of generalized anxiety and depression is common in clinical populations. Understanding how change in generalized anxiety and depression are related during counseling may help improve treatment. College student data (N = 51,922) from university and college counseling centers across the United States were used to examine relationships between change in generalized anxiety and depression across 12 counseling sessions using bivariate dual change score models. Results suggested greater improvement in depression was related to greater improvement in generalized anxiety across sessions, but greater improvement in gene...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - May 4, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The role of goal-related autonomy: A self-determination theory analysis of perfectionism, poor goal progress, and depressive symptoms.
Adopting a self-determination theory perspective, this 3-wave longitudinal study explores the role of perfectionism in goal pursuit and the experience of depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the role of goal-related autonomy in mediating the opposite effects of self-critical and personal standards perfectionism on goal progress and depressive symptoms over the course of an academic year. The results suggest a way of understanding the pathway to depressive symptoms and poor goal progress in perfectionists. They point to a number of implications for clinical practice when working with self-critical perfectionists. Spe...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Using computerized text analysis to examine associations between linguistic features and clients’ distress during psychotherapy.
Raw linguistic data within psychotherapy sessions may provide important information about clients’ progress and well-being. In the current study, computerized text analytic techniques were applied to examine whether linguistic features were associated with clients’ experiences of distress within and between clients and whether changes in linguistic features were associated with changes in treatment outcome. Transcripts of 729 psychotherapy sessions from 58 clients treated by 52 therapists were analyzed. Prior to each session, clients reported their distress level. Linguistic features were extracted automatically by usi...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 30, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Childhood Emotional Incest Scale (CEIS): Development, validation, cross-validation, and reliability.
Describing a maladaptive parent–child relationship wherein a parent turns to a child for the satisfaction of emotional and/or relational needs, emotional incest remains an underinvestigated phenomenon. This is partly due to a lack of an empirically based measure of childhood emotional incest, and as a result, a 2-factor, 12-item scale was created based on expert opinion and a preliminary study of 319 university students. Each consisting of 6 items, the factors were called “Surrogate Spouse” and “Unsatisfactory Childhood.” A follow-up study conducted with a second sample of 415 participants supports the 2-factor s...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 20, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Does person-group fit matter? A further examination of hope and belongingness in academic enhancement groups.
This study builds upon recent findings that the hope and belongingness of college students in a group-based academic enhancement intervention were important factors in their academic success. Applying person-environment fit theory, this study assessed changes in an individual’s hope and belongingness, changes in the group’s hope and belongingness, and the interaction between changes in both an individual’s hope and belongingness and the group’s hope and belongingness (i.e., person-group fit) on the academic outcomes of 145 college students participating in 11 academic enhancement seminars. Results indicated that ch...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 20, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Racism’s effect on depressive symptoms: Examining perseverative cognition and Black Lives Matter activism as moderators.
Additional research is needed on the link between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms over time as well as the risk and resilience moderators that influence this link. One understudied factor that may exacerbate this link is perseverative cognition—chronic activation of stress-related cognitive representations. However, race-specific activism, like Black Lives Matter (BLM) activism, may attenuate this association. Given this, the current study investigated autoregressive and cross-lagged associations between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms across two time points over 6 months. We also tested if pe...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 9, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Profiles of decent work: General trends and group differences.
Recent trends in the labor market—marked by instability and insecurity—have further ignited a discourse on the significance of decent work in people’s lives. Scholars have mostly studied the multidimensional decent work construct using the composite scores of the Decent Work Scale (DWS; Duffy et al., 2017). However, there may be different combinations of decent work beyond the simple continuum of composite scores. Thus, we employed latent profile analysis to identify profiles of decent work using the 5 subscales of the DWS as indicators. As a result, 5 different groups with distinct profiles emerged: (a) average, (b)...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Patterns of racial-ethnic socialization in Asian American families: Associations with racial-ethnic identity and social connectedness.
As Asian Americans continue to be one of the fastest growing populations in a rapidly diversifying United States (Lee, 2015), understanding how Asian American parents socialize their children about race and racism and how this contributes to development remains an important question (Chang, 2016; García Coll et al., 1996). Using a sample of 228 Asian American emerging adults (70% female, Mage = 20.23), we examined profiles of parental racial-ethnic socialization messages and their relationships with racial-ethnic identity and social connectedness outcomes. Results suggested 3 profiles. The guarded separation socialization...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Critical consciousness of anti-Black racism: A practical model to prevent and resist racial trauma.
The negative impacts of racism, including experiences of racial trauma, are well documented (e.g., Bryant-Davis & Ocampo, 2006; Carter, 2007). Because of the deleterious effects of racial trauma on Black people, interventions that facilitate the resistance and prevention of anti-Black racism are needed. Critical consciousness is one such intervention, as it is often seen as a prerequisite of resistance and liberation (Prilleltensky, 2003, 2008). To understand how individuals advance from being aware of anti-Black racism to engaging in actions to prevent and resist racial trauma, nonconfidential interviews with 12 Black Liv...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Feedback-informed treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the partners for change outcome management system.
The Partners for Change Outcome System (PCOMS) is a feedback system that has been developed as part of psychotherapeutic treatment. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of the PCOMS. We searched the literature and included studies that used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. We calculated a combined effect size across studies for outcomes related to the number of sessions attended. We also calculated a combined effect size for outcomes related to the participants’ well-being. However, in the analysis of the effect on well-being, we excluded studies that included only the Outcome Rating Sc...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Assessing the alliance–outcome association adjusted for patient characteristics and treatment processes: A meta-analytic summary of direct comparisons.
We examined the impact of these potential confounds on the alliance−outcome correlations. We meta-analyzed the studies estimates by computing omnibus effects models as well as multivariate models. We identified 3 variable types that were used to adjust the alliance−outcome correlations: (a) intake characteristics (k = 35); (b) simultaneous processes, such as adherence or competence (k = 13); and (c) both intake and simultaneous processes (k = 24). We found moderate alliance−outcome correlations with or without adjustments for intake and simultaneous processes (range from r = .23 to r = .31). Our results provide robus...
Source: Journal of Counseling Psychology - April 6, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
