Needle Stick Injury From a COVID-19 Patient —Fear It or Forget It?
(Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - July 23, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Constitution of “The Already Dying”: The Emergence of Voluntary Assisted Dying in Victoria
AbstractIn June 2019 Victoria became the first state in Australia to permit “voluntary assisted dying” (VAD), with its governance detailed in theVoluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (Vic) ( “VAD Act”). While taking lead from the regulation of medically assisted death practices in other parts of the world, Victoria’s legislation nevertheless remains distinct. The law in Victoria only makes VAD available to persons determined to be “already dying”: it is expressly limited to th ose medically prognosed to die “within weeks or months.” In this article, we discuss the emergence of the Victorian legislation across...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - July 22, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Ethical Review of Animal Research and the Standards of Procedural Justice: A European Perspective
AbstractCommittees established for the ethical review of research involving animals have become a widespread legal standard around the world. Despite many differences in their composition, powers, and institutional settings, they share many common problems related to the well-established standards of procedural justice in administrative practice. The paper adapts the general theory of procedural justice to the specific context of ethical review committees. From this perspective, the main concerns over the procedural aspects of the ethical evaluation of research projects are identified and examined. They include in particul...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - July 20, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
An Ageing Population Creates New Challenges Around Consent to Medical Treatment
AbstractObtaining consent for medical treatment in older adults raises a number of complex challenges. Despite being required by ethics and the law, consent for medical treatment is not always validly sought in this population. The dynamic nature of capacity, particularly in individuals who have dementia or other cognitive impairments, adds complexity to obtaining consent. Further challenges arise in ensuring that older people comprehend the medical treatment information provided and that consent is not vitiated by coercion or undue influence. Existing mechanisms to address issues surrounding consent for older adults only ...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - July 5, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Human Rights and Bioethical Considerations of Global Nurse Migration
AbstractThere is a global shortage of nurses that affects healthcare delivery, which will be exacerbated with the increasing demand for healthcare professionals by the aging population. The growing shortage requires an ethical exploration on the issue of nurse migration. In this article, we discuss how migration respects the autonomy of nurses, increases cultural diversity, and leads to improved patient satisfaction and health outcomes. We also discuss the potential for negative impacts on public health infrastructures, lack of respect for cultural diversity, and ethical concerns related to autonomy and justice, including ...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - July 5, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Afro-Communitarianism and the Duties of Animal Advocates within Racialized Societies: The Case of Racial Politics in South Africa
AbstractAnimal advocates world-wide have been accused of campaigns immured in racism. Some authors have argued that for animal advocates to avoid this accusation they should simultaneously engage with racial discrimination issues when advocating for animal welfare/rights. This prescription has been mostly explored in the context of the Global North and by looking at Western normative theory. In this article I address this issue but by looking at the context of South Africa and analysing the prescriptions from an Afro-communitarian ethic. I conclude that this ethic prescribes that there is a positive duty to engage in racia...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - July 5, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Clinical Ethics from the Islamic Perspective
AbstractLike other Arab countries, Jordan must find ways of responding to the rapid processes of change affecting many aspects of social life. This is particularly urgent in healthcare, where social and technical change is often manifested in tensions about ethical decision-making in the clinic. To explore the attitudes, beliefs and concerns relating to ethical decision-making among health professionals in Jordanian hospitals, a qualitative study was conducted involving face-to-face interviews with medical personnel in four hospitals in Amman, the capital of Jordan. Data were analysed thematically in relation to a pre-exis...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - June 16, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Correction to: Applying a Precautionary Approach to Mobile Contact Tracing for COVID-19: The Value of Reversibility
(Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - May 12, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
What can European Principlism Teach about Public Funding of IVF? The Israeli Case
AbstractFertility treatments, which are part of"assisted reproductive technologies" (ART), mainly undertaken through in vitro fertilization (IVF), offer the opportunity to infertile couples to conceive. IVF treatments are undertaken in Israel in significantly higher numbers than in the rest of the world. As such, Israel provides an important case-in-point for examining the validity of the actual claims used to justify the more generous public funding of IVF treatments at the policy level. In this article, we utilize an analytical philosophy approach to conduct this examination. First, we highlight two fundamental...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - May 4, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
The Minnesota Starvation Experiment and Force Feeding of Prisoners —Relying on Unethical Research to Justify the Unjustifiable
This article poses a response to one argument supporting the force feeding of political prisoners. This argument assumes that prisoners have moral autonomy and thus cannot be force fed in the early stages of their hunger strike. However, as their fasting progresses, their cognitive competence declines, and they are no longer autonomous. Since they are no longer autonomous, force feeding becomes justified. This article questions the recurrent citation of a paper in empirical support of the claim that hunger strike causes mental disorders or cognitive impairments. The paper, written by Daniel Fessler, partially relies on the...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - May 3, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Lee (a Pseudonym) v Dhupar [2020] NSWDC 717
(Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - April 29, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Conditions of Global Health Crisis Decision-Making —An Ethical Analysis
AbstractThe circumstances of a public health emergency (PHE) shape reasoning and decision-making in ways that deviate from routine circumstances, where adherence to established values, principles, and methodologies is expected. Understanding what drives these deviations is critical to assessing their ethical consequences. In this paper we describe four conditions that influence decision-making during PHEs, in particular regarding the deployment and conduct of research on experimental or novel biomedical interventions. These four conditions are politicization, urgency, uncertainty, and fear. We argue that taken together the...
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - April 16, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
The Shifts in Human Consciousness
(Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - April 9, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Lead Essay —Institutional Racism, Whiteness, and the Role of Critical Bioethics
(Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - April 6, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Human Germline Gene Editing from Maslahah Perspective: The Case of the World ’s First Gene Edited Babies
The objective, procedure, and output of the research were assessed against the conditions ofmaslahah. It can be concluded that the experiment did not meet the conditions; it is inconsistent with the objectives of shariah (maqasid al-shariah) and some fundamental Islamic teachings that it did not preserve greater benefit, hence it could be considered impermissible. (Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - March 24, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
