International Journal of Legal Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Internal validation of the GA118-24B Genetic Analyzer, a stable capillary electrophoresis system for forensic DNA identification
AbstractThe GA118-24B Genetic Analyzer (hereafter, “GA118-24B”) is an independently developed capillary electrophoresis instrument. In the present research, we designed a series of validation experiments to test its performance at detecting DNA fragments compared to the Applied Biosystems 3500 Genetic Analyzer (hereafter, “3500”). Three comm ercially available autosomal short tandem repeat multiplex kits were used in this validation. The results showed that GA118-24B had acceptable spectral calibration for three kits. The results of accuracy and concordance studies were also satisfactory. GA118-24B showed excellent...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 13, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

The Identified Skeletal Collection of the School of Legal Medicine: a contemporary osteological collection housed in Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
AbstraOsteological collections are an important resource for the development of methods to assist in the study of skeletal remains in archeological and/or forensic contexts. The aim is to describe the current characteristics of the Identified Skeletal Collection of the School of Legal Medicine and its historical context. The Identified Skeletal Collection of the School of Legal Medicine of the Complutense University of Madrid consists of 138 male and 95 female individuals, born between 1880 and 1980 and deceased between 1970 and 2009. The minimum age of the sample is perinatal and the maximum age is 97  years. The collect...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 13, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Further experiments and remarks regarding the possible formation of blood stains on the  Turin Shroud: stains attributed to the nailing of the hands
AbstractThe formation of red discolorations ( ‘blood stains’) on theTurin Shroud (TS), a Christian relic believed to be the burial cloth of Jesus of Nazareth, is controversially discussed. We performed experiments to identify possible explanations for the formation of the stains on the hands and forearms of theTurin Shroud Man (TSM). In preliminary non-standardised experiments, after applying blood to the dorsal and palmar side of the probands ’ wrists, they moved their arms around at their own discretion to provoke blood flows as similar as possible to those on the TS. A blood stain pattern similar to that on the le...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 10, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Pediatric motor vehicle crashes injuries: A systematic review for forensic evaluation
AbstractChildren involved in car crashes can experience either direct trauma or inertial injuries resulting from interactions with external objects, such as other vehicles, or with the restraint system. Furthermore, improper use of restraint systems can lead to additional severe injuries. Recent reports from international institutions underscored the persistent prevalence of inadequate restraint systems utilization and this widespread issue increases children ’s vulnerability and risk of injuries.The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature on injuries sustained in children involved in road a...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 10, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Death by accidental intravenous administration of gasoline
AbstractHerein, we present the case of accidental intravenous injection of gasoline in a 62-year-old male who was admitted to a dialysis center for his regular hemodialysis. Due to previous contact with another SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) positive patient, the hemodialysis was conducted in an isolated room. At the end of the procedure, the nurse, wearing all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE), in the intent to clean the dialysis catheter, applied medical gasoline, instead of 0.9% sodium chloride, intravenously to the patient. Soon afterwards, the patient ’s clinical condition d...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 9, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Bone age assessment based on different MRI modalities of the proximal humerus epiphysis: the comparisons of T1WI, T2WI, and PDWI
In conclusion, the three MRI modalities of the proximal humerus can serve as reliable indicators for age assessment, while the T1WI performed better in age assessment and classification. (Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 9, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Automated detection of fatal cerebral haemorrhage in postmortem CT data
AbstractDuring the last years, the detection of different causes of death based on postmortem imaging findings became more and more relevant. Especially postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) as a non-invasive, relatively cheap, and fast technique is progressively used as an important imaging tool for supporting autopsies. Additionally, previous works showed that deep learning applications yielded robust results for in vivo medical imaging interpretation. In this work, we propose a pipeline to identify fatal cerebral haemorrhage on three-dimensional PMCT data. We retrospectively selected 81 PMCT cases from the database of o...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 8, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Methods for the optimal preservation of blow fly intra-puparial forms for morphological analysis in forensic casework
AbstractAccurate minimum post-mortem interval (minPMI) estimations often rely on a precise age determination of insect developmental stages, which is significantly influenced by environmental temperature. An optimal preservation of the entomological samples collected at crime scenes is pivotal for a reliable aging of immature insect samples. For blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae), the most widely used insect indicators in forensic investigations, an appropriate preservation of tissues is particularly important in the case of puparial samples because aging methods for intra-puparial forms usually depend on morphological an...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 7, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Forensic investigation on a combined death by food aspiration and acute escitalopram intoxication occurred to a psychiatric subject in a nursing home
AbstractFood aspiration is one of the major health risks for elderly people in nursing homes which could lead to death. Moreover, misconducts in pharmacotherapy may represent a potential risk of adverse drug reactions. It is reported here the toxicological evaluation of a combined death by food aspiration and acute escitalopram intoxication of a psychiatric subject, occurred in a nursing home. An 89-year-old man, suffering from dysphagia and Alzheimer ’s, was resident in a nursing home. He was fed with a liquid diet administered directly in mouth using a syringe. The man was also being treated with escitalopram 10 mg ta...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Population affinity estimation using pelvic measurements based on computed tomographic data acquired from Japanese and Western Australian populations
AbstractThe present study analyzes morphological differences in the pelvis of Japanese and Western Australian individuals and investigates the feasibility of population affinity classification based on computed tomography (CT) data. The Japanese and Western Australian samples comprise CT scans of 207 (103 females; 104 males) and 158 (78 females; 80 males) adult individuals, respectively. Following volumetric reconstruction, a total of 19 pelvic landmarks were obtained on each sample, and 11 measurements, including two angles, were calculated. Machine learning methods (random forest modeling [RFM] and support vector machine...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Validating the use of clinical MSCT scans for cranial nonmetric sex estimation in a contemporary Indonesian population
AbstractThere is renewed interest in Asia for the development of forensic anthropological standards, partly due to the need for population-specific models to maintain high classification accuracies. At present, there are no known studies utilising morphoscopic standards specific to the Indonesian population. Craniometric analyses can often be time-consuming; morphoscopic assessments are quicker and are also known to be reliable and accurate. One of the most utilised morphoscopic standards for the estimation of skeletal sex is that of Walker (2008). Its application across population groups demonstrated reduced accuracies ou...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 1, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Post ‑mortem detection of biomarkers for diagnosis of traumatic brain injury
(Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - February 1, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Radiological age assessment based on clavicle ossification in CT: enhanced accuracy through deep learning
ConclusionsWe present a deep learning approach for continuous age predictions using CT volumes highlighting the medial clavicular epiphyseal cartilage with performance comparable to the human reader estimate. (Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - January 30, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

A 15-year review of lightning deaths in Germany —with a focus on pathognomonic findings
This study is the first evaluation of a relatively large number of lethal accidents due t o lightning. Singed body hair was reported more frequently in lightning-struck victims than Lichtenberg figures. This study showed that singed body hair is probably more diagnostically important than Lichtenberg figures. (Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - January 30, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Nails as optimal source of DNA for molecular identification of 5 decomposed bodies recovered from seawater: from Y-ancestry to personal identification
In this study, we analyzed both 24 autosomal and 27 Y-chromosome STRs from unidentified human remains (UHRs) of five males recovered from the water near the southwestern coast of Sardinia by the Italian Harbor Master ’s Office. Nail clippings provided an optimal source of autologous DNA for molecular identification in a very short time, producing complete autosomal and Y-STR profiles even under conditions of high body degradation. Unfortunately, no match neither compatibility occurred using autosomal STRs (aST Rs), initially. Upon analyzing the Y-haplotypes, we found out they had already been observed in northern Africa,...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - January 29, 2024 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research