International Journal of Legal Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Parking behaviour under the influence of alcohol
In this study, 29 test persons (13 m, 16 f) completed three test drives with real cars, each made up of three different parking situations. While four test persons remained sober, the majority drank a previously calculated amount of alcohol before the second drive; the aim was to reach a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 1.1 g/kg. The third drive took place about 2 h later without any further ingestion of alcohol. The impact of BAC on the number of accidents, time needed to finish the drive, the amount of correction moves and quality of the final parking position (in the centre of the parking space) were analysed. Furth...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 24, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Commentary on: “Impact of (forensic) expert opinions according to the Istanbul Protocol in Germany—results and insights of the in: Fo-project”
(Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 24, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Correction to: Internal validation study to assess the SeqStudio ™ for human identification’s performance
(Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 24, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Impact of (forensic) expert opinions according to the Istanbul Protocol in Germany —results and insights of the in:Fo-project—reply to commentary of C. Cattaneo and L. Franceschetti
(Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 24, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Evaluation of the cardiovascular risk induced by cannabis use from a series of 43 autopsy cases
AbstractThe aim of this monocentric observational autopsy study was to confirm the existence of a link between cannabis use and cardiovascular risk. It was based on the analysis of autopsy findings, cardiovascular pathological findings, and toxicological data in 43 autopsy cases of people who died with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in their blood over a 2-year period. Hair analysis was performed when available (n = 40) to distinguish between occasional and chronic cannabis use and to take into account other possible exposures, including smoking, drug consumption, and the use of other drugs of abuse (mainly cocaine, heroin, an...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 11, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Sensitivity of temperature-based time since death estimation on measurement location
AbstractRectal temperature measurement (RTM) from crime scenes is an important parameter for temperature-based time of death estimation (TDE). Various influential variables exist in TDE methods like the uncertainty in thermal and environmental parameters. Although RTM depends in particular on the location of measurement position, this relationship has never been investigated separately. The presented study fills this gap using Finite Element (FE) simulations of body cooling. A manually meshed coarse human FE model and an FE geometry model developed from the CT scan of a male corpse are used for TDE sensitivity analysis. Th...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 11, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Effect of vaporizing cannabis rich in cannabidiol on cannabinoid levels in blood and on driving ability – a randomized clinical trial
AbstractThe aim of this prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, cross-over study was to determine cannabinoid  levels in blood and driving-related ability after single (S1) and repetitive (S2) vaporization of cannabis rich in cannabidiol (CBD) containing <  1% Δ9-etrahydrocannabinol (THC). Healthy adult volunteers (Nsingle = 27, Nrepetitive = 20) with experience in smoking vapor-inhaled two low-THC/CBD-rich cannabis products both with <  1% THC (product 1: 38 mg CBD, 1.8 mg THC; product 2: 39 mg CBD, 0.6 mg THC) and placebo. Main outcomes were THC- and CBD-levels in whole bloo...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 11, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Rapid and visual detection of specific bacteria for saliva and vaginal fluid identification with the lateral flow dipstick strategy
In this study, a new method for simultaneous detection ofStreptococcus salivarius andLactobacillus crispatus using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in combination with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) was developed to identify saliva and vaginal fluid in forensic samples. LFD results can be observed with the naked eye within 3  min with a sensitivity of 0.001 ng/µL DNA. The PCR-LFD assay was successfully used to detectS. salivarius andL. crispatus in saliva and vaginal fluid respectively, and showed negative results in blood, semen, nasal fluid, and skin. Moreover, saliva and vaginal fluid were detectable even at an extreme...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 11, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Characterization of insect stains produced by Dermestes maculatus De Greer (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) resulting from interactions with human blood
AbstractInsect stains produced by adultDermestes maculatus were characterized during interactions with human blood. Beetles were offered wet or dried blood positioned on ceramic tiles under laboratory conditions. Despite a life history strategy geared toward consumption of dried food stuffs, adult beetles interacted with wet blood more frequently than dried and produced more insect stains after ingesting wet blood. Most (>  95%) of the insect stains produced were the result of fecal elimination. These stains varied in morphologies but were consistently tan/light, black/grey, or red in color; were round to amorphous in...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 9, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Time-dependent change in the microbiota structure of seminal stains exposed to indoor environmental
This study aimed to investigate the time-dependent change in the microbiota structure of human seminal stains exposed to indoor environmental conditions. Stains on polyester fabric generated using semen samples from five male volunteers were kept indoors for varying durations of up to 20 days, followed by sequencing of the V1 –V9 regions of the 16S rRNA gene of the microbial DNA extracted from the stains. The acquired data provided the taxonomic composition, and microbial alterations across different days were examined. The most abundantly detected phyla in all samples wereFirmicutes,Proteobacteria, andBacteroidetes, and...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 9, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Automatic detection and identification of diatoms in complex background for suspected drowning cases through object detection models
AbstractThe diagnosis of drowning is one of the most difficult tasks in forensic medicine. The diatom test is a complementary analysis method that may help the forensic pathologist in the diagnosis of drowning and the localization of the drowning site. This test consists in detecting or identifying diatoms, unicellular algae, in tissue and water samples. In order to observe diatoms under light microscopy, those samples may be digested by enzymes such as proteinase K. However, this digestion method may leave high amounts of debris, leading thus to a difficult detection and identification of diatoms. To the best of our knowl...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 7, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Novel ratio-expressions of genes enables estimation of wound age in contused skeletal muscle
AbstractGiven that combination with multiple biomarkers may well raise the predictive value of wound age, it appears critically essential to identify new features under the limited cost. For this purpose, the present study explored whether the gene expression ratios provide unique time information as an additional indicator for wound age estimation not requiring the detection of new biomarkers and allowing full use of the available data. The expression levels of four wound-healing genes (Arid5a, Ier3, Stom, and Lcp1) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and a total of six expression ratios were calculated ...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 7, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Characterization of male sexual assault in the state of S ão Paulo, Brazil: an epidemiological study from 2014 to 2017
This study presents a descriptive cross-sectional analysis based on data collected from the Legal Medicine Institute (IML-S ão Paulo, Brazil) between 2014 and 2017. The analysis includes 7386 reports of sexological examinations performed on male victims of alleged rape. The analysis reveals that a significant majority of rape reports involved victims under the age of 12 or 14, which is considered vulnerable rape by the Brazilian legislation. Regarding the examination of reported cases of abuse against men, it was observed that only the minority of these cases exhibited visible injuries consistent with rape or tested posit...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 7, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Global facial soft tissue thicknesses for craniofacial identification (2023): a review of 140  years of data since Welcker’s first study
AbstractThis year (2023) marks 140  years since the first publication of a facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) study. Since 1883, a total of 139 studies have been published, collectively tallying >  220,000 tissue thickness measurements of >  19,500 adults. In just the last 5-years, 33 FSTT studies have been conducted. Herein, we add these data (plus an additional 20 studies) to the 2018 T-Table to provide an update of >  81,000 new datapoints to the global tallied facial soft tissue depths table. In contrast to the original 2008 T-Table, some notable changes are as follows: increased FSTTs by 3 mm...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 7, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Simple and field-adapted species identification of biological specimens combining multiplex multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification, lateral flow dipsticks, and universal primers for initial rapid screening without standard PCR laboratory
In this study, we established a new field-adapted species identification method by combining multiplex multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification (MIRA), lateral flow dipstick (LFD) system, and universal primers. Universal primers targeting COX I and COX II genes were used in multiplex MIRA-LFD system for seven species identification, and a dedicated MIRA-LFD system primer targeting CYT B gene was used to detect the human material. DNA extraction was performed by collecting DNA directly from the centrifuged supernatant. Our study found that the entire amplification process took only 15  min at 37 °C and the results of L...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - October 6, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research