Decylprodigiosin: a new member of the prodigiosin family isolated from a seaweed-associated Streptomyces
Bioprospecting actinobacterial secondary metabolism from untapped marine sources may lead to the discovery of biotechnologically-relevant compounds. While studying the diversity and bioactive potential of Actinomycetota associated with Codium tomentosum, a green seaweed collected in the northern Portuguese cost, strain CT-F61, identified as Streptomyces violaceoruber, was isolated. Its extracts displayed a strong anticancer activity on breast carcinoma T-47D and colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells, being effective as well against a panel of human and fish pathogenic bacteria. Following a bioactivity-guided isolation pipeline...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of the genus Bersama: current review and future perspectives
Bersama (Melianthaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments, including blood purifier, immune booster, psychotropic medication, and treatment for malaria, hepatitis, infertility, diabetes, impotency, meningitis, and stroke. This review gathers fragmented information from the literature on ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the Bersama genus. It also explores the therapeutic potential of the Bersama genus in ethnophytopharmacology, allowing for further investigation. All the available information published in the English language on Bersama genus was c...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
In silico identification of compounds from Piper sarmentosum Roxb leaf fractionated extract inhibit interleukin-6 to prevent rheumatoid arthritis
Discussion: Our findings reveal new strategies in which these phytochemicals are potential inhibitory agents that can be modified and further evaluated to develop more effective agents for the management of rheumatoid arthritis, thereby providing a better understanding and useful model for the reproduction and/or discovery of new drugs for the management of rheumatoid arthritis and its complications. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Low TGF- β1 plasma levels are associated with cognitive decline in Down syndrome
Almost all individuals with Down’s syndrome (DS) show the characteristic neuropathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by the age of 40, yet not every individual with DS experiences symptoms of AD later in life. Similar to neurotypical developing subjects, AD in people with DS lasts for a long preclinical phase in which biomarkers follow a predictable order of changes. Hence, a prolonged asymptomatic period precedes the onset of dementia, underscoring the importance of identifying new biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of cognitive decline in individuals with DS. Blood-based biomarkers may offer...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pharmacological inhibition of Src family kinases attenuates hyperuricemic nephropathy
This study aims to investigate the effect of Src family kinase (SFK) inhibition on the development of hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) and the mechanisms involved. In a rat model of HN, feeding rats a mixture of adenine and potassium oxonate increased Src phosphorylation, severe glomerular sclerosis, and renal interstitial fibrosis, accompanied by renal dysfunction and increased urine microalbumin excretion. Administration of PP1, a highly selective SFK inhibitor, prevented renal dysfunction, reduced urine microalbumin, and inhibited activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts and expression of extracellular proteins. PP1 t...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Impaired amygdala astrocytic signaling worsens neuropathic pain-associated neuronal functions and behaviors
In this study, we measured time-specific astrocyte activation in the CeA in a neuropathic pain model (spinal nerve ligation, SNL) and assessed the effects of astrocyte inhibition on amygdala neuroplasticity and pain-like behaviors in the pain condition.Methods and Results: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, astrocytic marker) immunoreactivity and mRNA expression were increased at the chronic (4 weeks post-SNL), but not acute (1 week post-SNL), stage of neuropathic pain. In order to determine the contribution of astrocytes to amygdala pain-mechanisms, we used fluorocitric acid (FCA), a selective inhibitor of astrocyte...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Understanding the role of ursodeoxycholic acid and gut microbiome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: current evidence and perspectives
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, resulting in a huge medical burden worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome and bile acids play pivotal roles during the development of NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD exhibit unique signatures of the intestinal microbiome marked by the priority of Gram-negative bacteria, decreased ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B), and increased Prevotella and Lachnospiraceae. The intestinal microbiota is involved in the metabolism of bile acids. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a key determinant in maintaining the dynamic communica...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
PPAR δ agonist protects against osteoarthritis by activating AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-mediated autophagy
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease, and PPARs are involved in its pathogenesis; however, the specific mechanisms by which changes in PPARδ impact the OA pathogenesis yet to be discovered. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how PPARδ affects the onset and development of OA. In vitro, we found that PPARδ activation ameliorated apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in OA chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1β. In addition, PPARδ activation may modulate AKT/mTOR signaling to partially regulate chondrocyte autophagy and apoptosis. In vivo, injection of PPARδ agonist into ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Exploring HMMR as a therapeutic frontier in breast cancer treatment, its interaction with various cell cycle genes, and targeting its overexpression through specific inhibitors
This study explores the multifaceted function of hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) in breast cancer progression. HMMR’s association with key cell cycle regulators (AURKA, TPX2, and CDK1) underscores its pivotal role in cancer initiation and advancement. HMMR’s involvement in microtubule assembly and cellular interactions, both extracellularly and intracellularly, provides critical insights into its contribution to cancer cell processes. Elevated HMMR expression triggered by inflammatory signals correlates with unfavorable prognosis in breast cancer and various other malignancies. Therefore, recognizing HMMR ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The synergistic antibacterial activity and mechanism of colistin-oxethazaine combination against gram-negative pathogens
Conclusion:These results suggested that oxethazine, as a promising antibiotic adjuvant, can effectively enhance colistin activity, providing a potential strategy for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
A comprehensive review of ethnomedicinal approaches, phytochemical analysis, and pharmacological potential of Vitex trifolia L.
Plants, renowned for their rich reservoir of metabolites, play a pivotal role in addressing health-related issues. The Verbenaceae family stands out, showcasing immense potential in preventing and treating chronic diseases. Vitex trifolia L. (V. trifolia), a shrub with a rich history in traditional medicine, particularly in Eastern Asia, has garnered attention for its diverse therapeutic applications. This comprehensive review aims to bridge traditional knowledge and contemporary insights by investigating ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological effects of V. trifolia. The keyword “V. trifolia” and its sy...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Alpha 2-adrenoceptor participates in anti-hyperalgesia by regulating metabolic demand
In this study, we systematically used behavioural and transcriptomic sequencing, pharmacological intervention, electrophysiological recording and ultrasound imaging to explore the analgesic effects of the α2-adrenoceptor and its molecular mechanism. Firstly, we found that spinal nerve injury changed the spinal transcriptome expression, and the differential genes were mainly related to calcium signalling and tissue metabolic pathways. In addition, α2-adrenoceptor mRNA expression was significantly upregulated, and α2-adrenoceptor was significantly colocalised with markers, particularly neuronal markers. Intrathecal dexmed...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Efficacy and safety of Panax notoginseng saponin injection in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Conclusion: This study highlighted the efficacy and safety of adjunctive PNS injections in enhancing AMI patient outcomes beyond CT alone. Future RCTs need to solidify these findings through rigorous methods.Systematic Review Registration: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/), identifier (CRD42023480131) (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Isolation and purification of polysaccharides from Bupleurum marginatum Wall.ex DC and their anti-liver fibrosis activities
Bupleurum marginatum Wall.ex DC [Apiaceae] (BM)is widely grown in southwestern China, and the whole plant is used as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Polysaccharides are main natural products in lots of TCM and have been studied for their effects of reducing oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and immune regulation. Herein, we investigated the extraction techniques of Bupleurum marginatum Wall.ex DC polysaccharides (BMP), the identification of their key components, and their ability to inhibit liver fibrosis in both cellular and animal models. Component identification indicated that monosaccharides in BMP mainly consist...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 21, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Sex-specific changes in protein expression of membrane transporters in the brain cortex of 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer ’s disease
Membrane transporters playing an important role in the passage of drugs, metabolites and nutrients across the membranes of the brain cells have been shown to be involved in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little is known about sex-specific changes in transporter protein expression at the brain in AD. Here, we investigated sex-specific alterations in protein expression of three ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and five solute carriers (SLC) transporters in the prefrontal cortex of a commonly used model of familial AD (FAD), 5xFAD mice. Sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based quantitativ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 20, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
