Effect of long-term inorganic nitrate administration on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovariectomized rats
Conclusion: The favorable effects of nitrate against IR injury were associated with higher eNOS and Bcl-2 expression, CAT activity, TAC, and lower iNOS, Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and TNF-α expression, and MDA in the heart tissue. Nitrate preconditioning alleviated IR-induced myocardial injury in OVX rats; this effect was associated with eNOS upregulation before IR and the blunting of OVX-induced eNOS downregulation, iNOS upregulation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in heart tissue after IR. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Detection of iodixanol-induced allergic reaction signals in Chinese inpatients: a multi-center retrospective database study using prescription sequence symmetry analysis
Conclusion:This first multi-center Chinese inpatient database study detected iodixanol-induced allergy signals, revealing that reactions may be much higher than those in collected spontaneous reports. Iodixanol risk exposure was closer to actual pharmaceutical care findings. PSSA application with ≤7-day intervals appears better suited for monitoring late allergic reaction signals with these drugs. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Aristolochic acid induces acute kidney injury through ferroptosis
In this study, we investigated the role of ferroptosis in AA-induced acute renal tubular injury in vivo and in vitro. Mice with acute aristolochic acid nephropathy showed increased malondialdehyde levels, aggravated lipid peroxidation, decreased superoxide dismutase activity, and glutathione depletion. The expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 was decreased and the expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 was increased. Inhibition of ferroptosis by ferrostatin-1 significantly improved the renal function, reduced histopathological lesions, partially alleviated lipid peroxidation, and restored the antiox...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Does preterm birth increase the initiation of antidepressant use during the postpartum? A population-based investigation
Conclusion:Women who delivered preterm may have an excess risk of initiation of antidepressant consumption during the first year after birth. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Influence of the combination of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists on eGFR decline in type 2 diabetes: post-hoc analysis of RECAP study
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that both SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1Ra) have protective effects in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Combination therapy with SGLT2i and GLP1Ra is commonly used in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We previously reported that in combination therapy of SGLT2i and GLP1Ra, the effect on the renal composite outcome did not differ according to the preceding drug. However, it remains unclear how the initiation of combination therapy is associated with the renal function depending on the preceding drug. In this post hoc analysis, we analyzed a total o...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Patient experience of medication administration and development of a Patient Experience and Preference Questionnaire (PEPQ) for patients with advanced or metastatic cancer
Conclusion: This study summarizes the experience and satisfaction of receiving IV or SC treatment and confirms the relevance of the PEPQ in a subgroup of CA209-8KX clinical trial participants with metastatic NSCLC, RCC, melanoma, HCC, and CRC. Participant treatment experience and satisfaction with the route of medication mapped to the PEPQ question content support the relevance of PEPQ v2.0 in clinical trials as a self-report measure. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Functional roles of circular RNAs in lung injury
Lung injury leads to respiratory dysfunction, low quality of life, and even life-threatening conditions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs produced by selective RNA splicing. Studies have reported their involvement in the progression of lung injury. Understanding the roles of circRNAs in lung injury may aid in elucidating the underlying mechanisms and provide new therapeutic targets. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the characteristics and biological functions of circRNAs, and their roles in lung injury from existing research, to provide a theoretical basis for the use of circRNAs as a dia...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Advancements in research on the immune-inflammatory mechanisms mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke and the regulatory role of natural plant products
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of mortality and disability among adults. Recanalization of blood vessels to facilitate timely reperfusion is the primary clinical approach; however, reperfusion itself may trigger cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Emerging evidence strongly implicates the NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target, playing a key role in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. The aberrant expression and function of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation in cerebral ischemia have garnered considerable attention as a recent research focus. Accordingly, this review provides a comprehens...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Inhibition of ACOX1 enhances the therapeutic efficacy of obeticholic acid in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mitigates its lipotoxicity
Conclusion:Combining ACOX1-specific inhibitors with low-dose obeticholic acid effectively treats high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and reduces serum LDL. This approach enhances the therapeutic effects of obeticholic acid and mitigates its lipotoxicity by inhibiting the IL-1β and α-SMA pathways. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Editorial: The pharmacotherapy of depression-searching for new mechanisms and drug interactions. Basic and clinical research, volume II
(Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effect of uric acid reduction on chronic kidney disease. Systematic review and meta-analysis
Accumulating evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is a pathological factor in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. However, the potential benefit afforded by the control of uric acid (UA) is controversial. Individual studies show discrepant results, and most existing meta-analysis, especially those including the larger number of studies, lack a placebo or control group as they aim to compare efficacy between drugs. On these grounds, we performed a me-ta-analysis restricted to studies including the action of any anti-gout therapies referenced to a control or placebo arm. This approach allows for a clea...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Unveiling the anticancer effects of SGLT-2i: mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Cancer and diabetes are significant diseases that pose a threat to human health. Their interconnection is complex, particularly when they coexist, often necessitating multiple therapeutic approaches to attain remission. Sodium-glucose cotransporter protein two inhibitors (SGLT-2i) emerged as a treatment for hyperglycemia, but subsequently exhibited noteworthy extra-glycemic properties, such as being registered for the treatment of heart failure and chronic kidney disease, especially with co-existing albuminuria, prompting its assessment as a potential treatment for various non-metabolic diseases. Considering its overall to...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Optimum programmed intermittent epidural bolus interval time of ropivacaine 0.0625% with dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg/ml at a fixed volume of 10 mL: a randomized controlled trial
Conclusion:The estimated value for EI90 for PIEB between boluses of ropivacaine 0.0625% with dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg/ml at a fixed volume of 10 mL using probit regression was 45.4 (35.5–50.5) minutes. Furthermore, future studies are warranted to be established to determine the optimal parameters for different regimens in clinical practice. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Dosing optimization of rituximab for primary membranous nephropathy by population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study
Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is the most common cause for adult nephrotic syndrome. Rituximab has demonstrated promising clinical efficacy by random controlled trials and the off-label use is widely adopted in PMN. However, the standard dosage is borrowed from B cell lymphoma treatment with far more antigens and is oversaturated for PMN treatment, accompanied with additional safety risk and unnecessary medical cost. More than 15% serious adverse events were observed under standard dosage and low dose therapies were explored recently. Dose optimization by clinical trials is extremely time- and cost-consuming and can...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Quercetin reshapes gut microbiota homeostasis and modulates brain metabolic profile to regulate depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of quercetin on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behaviors in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms by combining untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of brain tissue metabolites and gut microbiota. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that at the phylum level, quercetin reduced Firmicutes and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and enhanced Cyanobacteria. At the genus level, quercetin downregulated 6 and upregulated 14 bacterial species. Metabolomics analysis revealed that quercetin regulated multiple metabolic...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
