Effect of Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) Will.Watson essential oil on antioxidant activity, immune and intestinal barrier-related function, and gut microbiota in pigeons infected by Candida albicans
In conclusion, the application of 2% C. martini EO not only enhanced the level of antioxidant activity and the expression of genes related to intestinal barrier function but also inhibited inflammatory genes in C. albicans-infected pigeons and increased the abundance of gut bacteria that are resistant to C. albicans. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Different therapeutic approaches in melasma: advances and limitations
Melasma is a chronic hyperpigmentation skin disorder that is more common in the female gender. Although melasma is a multifactorial skin disorder, however, sun-exposure and genetic predisposition are considered as the main etiologic factors in melasma occurrence. Although numerous topical and systemic therapeutic agents and also non-pharmacologic procedural treatments have been considered in melasma management, however, the commonly available therapeutic options have several limitations including the lack of sufficient clinical effectiveness, risk of relapse, and high rate of unwanted adverse drug reactions. Recruitment of...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics of desflurane uptake and disposition in piglets
Conclusion:Under a fixed inspiratory concentration, desflurane body uptake in piglets corresponded to constant zero-order infusion, and the 2-h disposition pattern followed first-order kinetics and best fitted to a two-compartment model. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Drug-drug interactions with oral anticoagulants: information consistency assessment of three commonly used online drug interactions databases in Switzerland
This study aims to compare the DDIs information content of four direct oral anticoagulants and two vitamin K antagonists in three major DDI databases used in Switzerland: Lexi-Interact, Pharmavista, and MediQ. It evaluates the consistency of DDIs information in terms of differences in severity rating systems, mechanism of interaction, extraction and documentation processes and transparency.Results: This study revealed 2’496 DDIs for the six anticoagulants, with discrepant risk classifications. Only 13.2% of DDIs were common to all three databases. Overall concordance in risk classification (high, moderate, and low risk) ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Relationships between trace elements and cognitive and depressive behaviors in sprague dawley and wistar albino rats
This study investigates the effects of social isolation on mental health and cognitive functions in Sprague Dawley (SD) and Wistar Albino (WIS) rat strains, prompted by the heightened awareness of such impacts amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the impact of social isolation on memory, learning, and behavioral changes in middle-aged SD and WIS rat strains and to investigate cortical trace element levels, seeking potential correlations between these levels and the observed behavioral responses to social isolation.Methods: Four groups of 14-month-old male rats were established: control and isolated SDs an...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pre-treatment risk predictors of valproic acid-induced dyslipidemia in pediatric patients with epilepsy
Conclusion: DBIL emerges as the most potent predictor, and in conjunction with the other four factors, can effectively forecast VID in pediatric patients with epilepsy. This insight can guide the formulation of individualized strategies for the clinical administration of VPA in children. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Potential antidepressant effects of Traditional Chinese botanical drug formula Chaihu-Shugan-San and its active ingredients
Conclusion: CSS exerts a pivotal role in treating depression through various pathways, including the monoaminergic neurotransmitter system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, synaptic plasticity, inflammation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, and the brain-gut axis. This review facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the current state of CSS research, fostering an in-depth exploration of the etiological mechanisms of depression and the potential discovery of novel antidepressant drugs. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The involvement of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the development of cardiovascular diseases through epoxyeicosatrienoic acids
Arachidonic acid (AA) has three main metabolic pathways: the cycloxygenases (COXs) pathway, the lipoxygenases (LOXs) pathway, and the cytochrome P450s (CYPs) pathway. AA produces epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) through the CYPs pathway. EETs are very unstable in vivo and can be degraded in seconds to minutes. EETs have multiple degradation pathways, but are mainly degraded in the presence of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). sEH is an enzyme of bifunctional nature, and current research focuses on the activity of its C-terminal epoxide hydrolase (sEH-H), which hydrolyzes the EETs to the corresponding inactive or low activit...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Traditional Chinese medicine in osteoporosis: from pathogenesis to potential activity
Osteoporosis characterized by decreased bone density and mass, is a systemic bone disease with the destruction of microstructure and increase in fragility. Osteoporosis is attributed to multiple causes, including aging, inflammation, diabetes mellitus, and other factors induced by the adverse effects of medications. Without treatment, osteoporosis will further progress and bring great trouble to human life. Due to the various causes, the treatment of osteoporosis is mainly aimed at improving bone metabolism, inhibiting bone resorption, and promoting bone formation. Although the currently approved drugs can reduce the risk ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Real-world evidence of the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors on the dosing of diuretics in patients with heart failure: a retrospective cohort study
Conclusion: Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors plus diuretic significantly reduced the patients’ diuretic requirements. Therefore, our finding supports the theoretical concept of minimizing the level of diuretic upon the initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Targeting bone homeostasis regulation: potential of traditional Chinese medicine flavonoids in the treatment of osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease characterized by disrupted bone formation/resorption and homeostasis. Flavonoids extracted from traditional Chinese medicinal plants regulate bone homeostasis by intervening in differentiating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, balancing the bone immune system, inhibiting oxidative stress response, and reversing iron overload. The target molecules and signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin and OPG/RANKL/RANK, directly affect osteoblast/osteoclast activity, exhibiting significant potential in the treatment of OP. Therefore, this study presents a systematic review of the rece...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 2, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Anti-osteoporotic effects of Yi Mai Jian on bone metabolism of ovariectomized rats
Yi Mai Jian herbal formula (YMJ) is formulated with Eucommiae Folium, Astragali Radix, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, and Elaeagnus Fructus to improve bone function in traditional Chinese medicine. The anti-osteoporotic effects of YMJ in bone metabolism were evaluated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The skeletal structure of the femur and vertebrae was analyzed after treating OVX rats with YMJ for 114 days. The results showed that YMJ significantly increased the bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular number (Tb. N) of the femur and 5th lumbar vertebrae and reduced trabecular separation (Tb. Sp). Moreover, trabecular bone volum...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effectiveness of pharmacist-led medication reconciliation on medication errors at hospital discharge and healthcare utilization in the next 30 days: a pragmatic clinical trial
Transitions of care often lead to medication errors and unnecessary healthcare utilization. Medication reconciliation has been repeatedly shown to reduce this risk. However, the great majority of evidence is limited to the provision of medication reconciliation within clinical trials and countries with well-established clinical pharmacy. Thus, this pragmatic, prospective, controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of routine pharmacist-led medication reconciliation compared to standard care on medication errors and unplanned healthcare utilization in adult general medical patients hospitalized in a teaching hospital in S...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Evidence mapping of traditional Chinese medicine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy treatment
Conclusion: Shedding light on contemporary research, this study explores the current RCTs evaluating TCM’s efficacy in treating DPN. The findings not only highlight the potential role of TCM in addressing diabetic complications but also underscore areas that could benefit from refined research approaches, expanded intervention methods, and broader assessment criteria. Our observations aim to inform and inspire future research directions and clinical practices concerning TCM’s role in managing diabetes-associated complications. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Inhibitory effect of aloperine on transient outward potassium currents in rat cardiac myocytes
Conclusion:ALO may inhibit Ito by slowing the activation process, accelerating inactivation, and delaying the recovery time after inactivation, potentially preventing acetylcholine-induced AF. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
