Challenges in managing disorders of sex development associated with adrenal dysfunction
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 11:1-13. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2256393. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) associated with adrenal dysfunction occur due to different defects in the proteins involved in gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis.AREAS COVERED: The deficiencies in 21-hydroxylase and 11β-hydroxylase lead to DSD in 46,XX patients, defects in StAR, P450scc, 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase lead to 46,XY DSD, and 3β-HSD2 and POR deficiencies cause both 46,XX and 46,XY DSD. Challenges in diagnosis arise from the low prevalence and the variability in serum steroid ...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 11, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Gabriela P Finkielstain Rodolfo A Rey Source Type: research

Current practices in islet cell autotransplantation
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 7:1-7. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2256407. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Chronic pancreatitis and recurrent acute pancreatitis comprise a spectrum of disease that results in complications related to exocrine and endocrine insufficiency and chronic pain with narcotic dependence and poor quality of life. The mainstay of therapy has been medical and endoscopic therapy; surgery, especially total pancreatectomy, was historically reserved for few select patients as the obligate exocrine insufficiency and pancreatogenic diabetes (type 3C) are challenging to manage. The addition ...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Melissa E Chen Chirag S Desai Source Type: research

Endocrine immune-related adverse effects of immune-checkpoint inhibitors
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 8:1-11. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2256841. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy modulates the response of the immune system acting against cancer. Two pathways impacted by this kind of treatment are the CTLA4 and the PD-1/PD-L1 pathways. ICI therapy can trigger autoimmune adverse effects, known as immune-related Adverse Events (irAEs).AREAS COVERED: This review focuses on irAEs which affect the endocrine system. This review elucidates the pathways used by these drugs with a focus on the hypothetical pathogenesis at their basis. In fact, the p...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Viola Trevisani Lorenzo Iughetti Laura Lucaccioni Barbara Predieri Source Type: research

Current practices in islet cell autotransplantation
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 7:1-7. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2256407. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Chronic pancreatitis and recurrent acute pancreatitis comprise a spectrum of disease that results in complications related to exocrine and endocrine insufficiency and chronic pain with narcotic dependence and poor quality of life. The mainstay of therapy has been medical and endoscopic therapy; surgery, especially total pancreatectomy, was historically reserved for few select patients as the obligate exocrine insufficiency and pancreatogenic diabetes (type 3C) are challenging to manage. The addition ...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Melissa E Chen Chirag S Desai Source Type: research

Endocrine immune-related adverse effects of immune-checkpoint inhibitors
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 8:1-11. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2256841. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy modulates the response of the immune system acting against cancer. Two pathways impacted by this kind of treatment are the CTLA4 and the PD-1/PD-L1 pathways. ICI therapy can trigger autoimmune adverse effects, known as immune-related Adverse Events (irAEs).AREAS COVERED: This review focuses on irAEs which affect the endocrine system. This review elucidates the pathways used by these drugs with a focus on the hypothetical pathogenesis at their basis. In fact, the p...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Viola Trevisani Lorenzo Iughetti Laura Lucaccioni Barbara Predieri Source Type: research

Current practices in islet cell autotransplantation
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 7:1-7. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2256407. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Chronic pancreatitis and recurrent acute pancreatitis comprise a spectrum of disease that results in complications related to exocrine and endocrine insufficiency and chronic pain with narcotic dependence and poor quality of life. The mainstay of therapy has been medical and endoscopic therapy; surgery, especially total pancreatectomy, was historically reserved for few select patients as the obligate exocrine insufficiency and pancreatogenic diabetes (type 3C) are challenging to manage. The addition ...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 8, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Melissa E Chen Chirag S Desai Source Type: research