Interaction of drugs with gut microbiota modulators
Drug Metab Rev. 2023 Apr 4:1-14. doi: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2197178. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOrally administered drugs undergo four stages of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body. However, before being absorbed into the body, orally administered drugs contact with gut microbiota, which catalyze their metabolic reactions such as reduction, hydroxylation (including deconjugation), dehydrogenation, acetylation, etc. Although these metabolic reactions typically inactivate drugs (ranitidine, digoxin, and amlodipine), some activate them (sulfasalazine). The composition and quantity of gut microbi...
Source: Drug Metabolism Reviews - March 31, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Dong-Hyun Kim Source Type: research
Interaction of drugs with gut microbiota modulators
Drug Metab Rev. 2023 Mar 31:1-25. doi: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2197178. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOrally administered drugs undergo four stages of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body. However, before being absorbed into the body, orally administered drugs contact with gut microbiota, which catalyze their metabolic reactions such as reduction, hydroxylation (including deconjugation), dehydrogenation, acetylation, etc. Although these metabolic reactions typically inactivate drugs (ranitidine, digoxin, and amlodipine), some activate them (sulfasalazine). The composition and quantity of gut microb...
Source: Drug Metabolism Reviews - March 31, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Dong-Hyun Kim Source Type: research
Plasma Protein-Mediated Uptake and Contradictions to the Free Drug Hypothesis: A Critical Review
Drug Metab Rev. 2023 Mar 27:1-103. doi: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2195133. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAccording to the free drug hypothesis (FDH), only free, unbound drug is available to interact with biological targets. This hypothesis is the fundamental principle that continues to explain the vast majority of all pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. Under the FDH, the free drug concentration at the target site is considered the driver of pharmacodynamic activity and pharmacokinetic processes. However, deviations from the FDH are observed in hepatic uptake and clearance predictions, where observed unbound intrins...
Source: Drug Metabolism Reviews - March 27, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Julia Annette Schulz David M Stresser John Cory Kalvass Source Type: research
