Contributors
BRUCE H. THIERS, MD (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - March 19, 2021 Category: Dermatology Source Type: research
Contents
Shari R. Lipner (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - March 19, 2021 Category: Dermatology Source Type: research
Dermatologic Clinics
Hair (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - March 19, 2021 Category: Dermatology Source Type: research
Bacterial and Viral Infections of the Nail Unit
Bacterial and viral infections of the nail unit are very common as primary infections, especially bacterial paronychia and warts, but they can also be superinfections complicating other nail disorders. In many nail unit infections, the clinical presentation is nonspecific: in these cases, diagnostic tests are mandatory before treatment, to avoid spread of the infection and drug resistance. The most common forms of bacterial and viral infections that may affect the nail unit are herein described in detail, with diagnostic and treatment options provided. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 11, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Matilde Iorizzo, Marcel C. Pasch Source Type: research
Cutaneous Paraneoplastic Syndromes with Nail Involvement
The cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes are rare and intrinsically devoid of any neoplastic nature. The manifestations on the skin and the nails are due to various mechanisms caused by the tumor, either due to production of bioactive substances or in response to it. These disorders evolve in parallel to the malignancy, in that, they regress when the tumor is removed and reappear in the case of tumor recurrence. The aim of this article is to aid with the early recognition of the signs, leading to the early detection of cancer and therefore to better clinical outcomes for the patients. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 11, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Athina Fonia, Robert Baran Source Type: research
Management of Nail Unit Melanoma
This article reviews the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of nail unit melanoma to promote early diagnosis and rational surgery. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 11, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Junqian Zhang, Sook Jung Yun, Stacy L. McMurray, Christopher J. Miller Source Type: research
Nail Psoriasis in Older Adults
Nail involvement is common in patients with cutaneous psoriasis, which is prevalent among older adults. Nail psoriasis greatly impacts patients ’ quality of life and self-esteem. Concomitant psoriatic arthritis is common. Treating nail psoriasis in the geriatric population may be challenging. General nail care measures may prevent exacerbations. Topical therapy is relatively effective, with a low rate of adverse events and little to no ri sk of systemic toxicity or drug interactions. However, application under occlusion may be cumbersome. There is a need for randomized controlled clinical trials in the elderly population...
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 11, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Jose W. Ricardo, Shari R. Lipner Source Type: research
Management of Nail Psoriasis
Nail psoriasis is a chronic nail disorder that requires personalized treatment. General prophylactic measures are suggested for all patients. Topical treatment is considered when treating a few-nail disease, with involvement of 3 or fewer nails, without joint involvement and without (or with mild) skin psoriasis. The ideal formulation should be ointment, solution, or foam. When moderate to severe skin psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis coexists, systemic treatment is suggested. This also should be considered when more than 3 nails are affected or significant impairment of quality of life is present. Conventional systemic age...
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 11, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Dimitrios Rigopoulos, Natalia Rompoti, Stamatios Gregoriou Source Type: research
Nail Surgery
This article focuses on 6 high-yield procedures, facility with which will allow the clinician to approach most of the clinical scenarios requiring surgical intervention. These encompass surgical approaches to inflammatory nail diseases, melanonychia, erythronychia, and nail melanoma in situ. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 11, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Julia O. Baltz, Nathaniel J. Jellinek Source Type: research
Review of Nail Lichen Planus
Nail lichen planus is an inflammatory disorder of the nails with potential for significant cosmetic disfigurement and functional impairment. Nail manifestations may be isolated or appear concurrently with other forms of lichen planus. Longitudinal ridging is the most common clinical finding, but progressive disease may result in irreversible scarring (dorsal pterygium) or permanent nail loss (anonychia). Data on treatment are limited to retrospective studies and case reports. The mainstays of treatment are intralesional and intramuscular corticosteroid injections and oral retinoids. There is a need for randomized controlle...
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 10, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Mohit Kumar Gupta, Shari R. Lipner Source Type: research
Diagnosis of Melanonychia
Melanonychia has many causes and can involve one or several fingernails or toenails, and may occur at any age. Dermoscopy is used routinely in the evaluation of a pigmented nail. If pigmentation is caused by melanin produced by nail matrix, identify whether the pigmentation is caused by an activation or proliferation of nail melanocytes. When melanocytic proliferation is suspected, biopsy with histopathologic examination is the gold standard for diagnosis and is recommended when a longitudinal melanonychia occurs in an adult and is localized in a single digit, in the absence of local or systemic causes that may explain its...
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 10, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Aurora Alessandrini, Emi Dika, Michela Starace, Marco Adriano Chessa, Bianca Maria Piraccini Source Type: research
Pediatric Nail Disorders
Many pediatric nail findings are normal variants and are no cause for alarm. Others represent congenital abnormalities or genetic syndromes for which there is no cure. Still others are inflammatory or infectious entities that require treatment. Pediatric nail disorders are reviewed, along with management. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 10, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Jane Sanders Bellet Source Type: research
Dermoscopy of the Nail Unit
Nail dermoscopy (onychoscopy) is being used for a more accurate diagnosis of all nail disorders and has become a routine diagnostic instrument. In daily practice, nail signs can be magnified, and dermoscopy may confirm the clinical diagnosis and guides in management of nail diseases and treatments, permitting a better visualization of symptoms. Onychoscopy is used by the experts in almost all nail diseases. It can be performed dry or with ultrasound gel in order to make the stratum corneum translucent, depending on which part of the nail unit has to be evaluated. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 10, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Michela Starace, Aurora Alessandrini, Bianca Maria Piraccini Source Type: research
Nail Psoriasis in Older Adults
Psoriasis may affect the skin, scalp, joints, and nails and is common in older adults. Intramatrical injections with triamcinolone acetonide are safe and effective in older individuals. Conventional systemic medications are relatively effective, but side effects, including laboratory abnormalities and drug interactions, are particularly common among older adults. Biologic medications have shown excellent efficacy in treating nail psoriasis. Their safety profile is favorable, but data assessing long-term safety are lacking. Randomized controlled trials in older adults exclusively are necessary to develop evidence-based trea...
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - February 10, 2021 Category: Dermatology Authors: Jose W. Ricardo, Shari R. Lipner Source Type: research
Community Dermatology in Argentina
This article describes some simple and positive ways of addressing the community directly while training health care workers in the recognition of prevalent skin diseases and effective pathways of management of these conditions. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)
Source: Dermatologic Clinics - November 21, 2020 Category: Dermatology Authors: Isabel Mar ía del Pilar Casas Source Type: research
