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Double Trouble: Treatment Considerations for Patients with Comorbid PTSD and Depression
AbstractPurpose of reviewPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rarely occurs alone, with an approximate 80% syndromal comorbidity rate of which 50% is major depression. Evidence-based psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for PTSD and is very efficacious in some, but is directed toward PTSD symptomatology not depression, and many do not fully recover. This review presents the evidence for psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, neurostimulation, and combinations of these modalities in treating PTSD with comorbid depression.Recent findingsModifications to evidence-based psychotherapy for PTSD and comorbid depression can be made ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - May 17, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Cannabis and the Developing Adolescent Brain
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis review summarizes (1) recent trends in delta-9-tetrahydrocannabionol [THC] and cannabidiol (CBD) content in cannabis products, (2) mechanism of action of THC and CBD and the neurobiological correlates of cannabis use on the developing adolescent brain, (3) effects of cannabis on psychiatric symptoms and daily functioning in youth (i.e., academic performance, cognition, sleep and driving), (4) cannabis products used to relieve or treat medical issues in youth, and (5) available treatments for cannabis use disorder in adolescence.Recent findingsDespite marked increases in THC content and availab...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - April 17, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Telemental Health in the Context of a Pandemic: the COVID-19 Experience
(Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - April 1, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Ensuring Successful Telepsychiatry Program Implementation: Critical Components and Considerations
AbstractPurposeTelepsychiatry in the USA witnessed exponential growth in the last decade, having been proven to be a cost-effective and sustainable approach to delivering high-quality mental health services. This surge was aided by the availability of high-speed Internet, improved software, and an increase in demand paired with expanded reimbursement models. Despite a growing interest in adopting telepsychiatry programs, many health organizations continue to face challenges at the implementation stage. This review aims to identify the critical components and the associated challenges met at the planning, deployment, and ma...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 31, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Advances in PTSD Treatment Delivery: the Role of Digital Technology in PTSD Treatment
AbstractPurpose of reviewPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common mental health disorder affecting about 7% of the general population during their lifetime. PTSD typically has a chronic course, is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, and negatively impacts functioning and quality of life. This review examines the evidence for several digital technology –based applications being used to deliver PTSD interventions, including video telehealth, Internet-based interventions, virtual reality exposure therapy, and mobile apps.Recent findingsA number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the u...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Predicting and Managing Treatment Non-response in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis review aims to synthesize existing research regarding the definition of treatment resistance in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), predictors of treatment non-response to first-line interventions, and emerging second-line PTSD treatment options into an accessible resource for the practicing clinician.Recent findingsThe concept of treatment resistance in PTSD is currently poorly defined and operationalized. There are no well-established predictors of treatment non-response utilized in routine clinical care, but existing research identifies several potential candidate markers, including male ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 22, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Emotional Overinvolvement with Adolescents: a Problematic Construct?
AbstractPurpose of reviewThe purpose of the current study was to examine emotional overinvolvement (EOI) among caregivers of adolescents with a range of physical and psychiatric disorders to determine whether it is a problematic construct.Recent findingsExpressed emotion is a robust predictor of treatment dropout, outcome, and relapse across a range of physical and psychiatric disorders. The two components of expressed emotion that have received the most research attention are criticism and EOI. Although criticism plays a significant role in treatment outcome, evidence is mixed for EOI, particularly in children and adolesc...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Addressing Diversity in PTSD Treatment: Clinical Considerations and Guidance for the Treatment of PTSD in LGBTQ Populations
AbstractPurpose of reviewTrauma exposure is widespread but is especially common among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals. LGBTQ individuals also experience higher rates of discrimination, victimization, and minority stress which can complicate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment but also represent independent intervention targets. In this review, we highlight existing evidence-based practices, current limitations, and provide recommendations for care in the absence of established guidelines for treatment PTSD among LGBTQ patients.Recent findingsTrauma-focused therapies (e.g., CPT,...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Empirically Supported Treatment Options for Children and Adolescents with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Integrating Network Models and Treatment Components
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis review aims to provide an overview of recent neurodevelopmental network models of PTSD in youth as an avenue towards a better understanding of treatment options for this group. Present empirically supported psychosocial intervention components for youth exposed to trauma in the context of the neurodevelopmental network model of PTSD in youth.Recent findingsKey brain regions and regional connections implicated in childhood trauma may be targeted by the specific components taught in interventions. Intervention components may have differential use and effectiveness by community therapists and dep...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 15, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Antipsychotics for Treatment of Adolescent Onset Schizophrenia: a Review
This article reviews the pharmacological treatment of adolescents with schizophrenia, when possible, with a focus on the past five years of research.Recent FindingsThere are relatively few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and head-to-head trials informing selection of a medication in pediatric schizophrenia. However, recent literature focusing on the efficacy and tolerability of atypical antipsychotics has led to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of multiple agents, specifically risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone, and lurasidone, for the treatment of pediatric schizophrenia. A...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - February 13, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The Treatment of Suicide and Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children and Adolescents
This article reviews the efficacy of current treatments for youth suicidality and SIBs.Recent FindingsMost of the existing literature on treatment for suicidality and NSSI in children and adolescents is focused on psychotherapy, specifically cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), psychoeducation, family therapy, and school-based interventions. In contrast, psychopharmacology studies have focused on addressing disorders related to suicidality and NSSI such as major depressive disorder, rather than on the behaviors themselves.SummaryCurrently, there is no single treatment that is considered...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - February 13, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Project ECHO and Opioid Education: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe widespread incidence of morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use disorder (OUD) has resulted in a national crisis. One component of this public health epidemic includes a lack of an adequately trained healthcare workforce to provide opioid case management, prescribing, and dispensing. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (Project ECHO) is a tele-mentoring, guided practice model, which provides knowledge exchange from specialists and subspecialists to enable primary care providers and clinicians to deliver best practice care for complex health conditions like OUD. Project EC...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - January 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

New ACGME-Accredited Addiction Medicine Fellowship Programs and Their Impact on the Field
AbstractPurposeWith the recognition of addiction medicine as a medical subspecialty by the American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) in 2016, fellowship training programs for physicians have sprung up across the country at a rapid pace. As of this writing, 70 such fellowship programs exist (including in Canada and Puerto Rico), with most accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) or in the process of accreditation. This review explores the significant changes that have occurred already due to these training programs and the potential future implications for the field of addiction medi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - January 13, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Current Pharmacological Treatments for Childhood Onset OCD
AbstractPurpose of reviewObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition associated with substantial morbidity, comorbidity, and functional impairment in affected youths. Fortunately, efficacy has been established for multiple pharmacotherapies; however, treatment response remains neither universal nor complete; hence, treatment development efforts continue.Recent findingsThis review aims to examine evidence for recent trials examining augmentation strategies for partial responders to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), the efficacy of adding D-cycloserine (DCS) to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), intervent...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - January 8, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Correction to: A Systemic Review of Treatment Options for Grieving Older Adults
The original version did not include Appendix A where noted in the text. Appendix A is seen below. (Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - December 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research