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An Update on the Latest Treatment Approaches with Suicidal Adolescents
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo summarize the literature on the treatment of suicidal adolescents in order to determine the psychotherapy approach with the strongest evidence as well as the core treatment techniques that cut across therapies.Recent FindingsDialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) has the strongest evidence base of any current treatment approach for suicidal adolescents, but it is also the most time intensive and expensive. Different variations of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and family therapy also have some limited evidence for efficacy. Although safety planning does not have stand-alone, empirical support to...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 14, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Clinical Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Adults with a History of Childhood Maltreatment: a Scoping Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurvivors of childhood maltreatment are at high risk for developing complex psychiatric disorders. Traditional treatments, including psychopharmacology, tend to be less efficacious for this population. This scoping review aimed to discuss existing empirical studies on the effects of mindfulness-based interventions for adult childhood trauma survivors, as well as the documented clinical challenges and adaptations for this population.Recent FindingsWe reviewed 17 research articles that measured the effects of mindfulness-based interventions for adults with childhood maltreatment histories. These stud...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 14, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Recent Critical Advances in Patient Care
AbstractPurposeTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an evidence-based treatment for pharmacoresistant major depressive disorder (MDD). In the last decade, the field has seen significant advances in the understanding and use of this new technology. This review aims to describe the large, randomized controlled studies leading to the modern use of rTMS for MDD. It also includes a special section briefly discussing the use of these technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic.Recent findingsSeveral new approaches and technologies are emerging in this field, including novel approaches to reduce treatment time and potentially...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - March 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Progress and Limitations in the Treatment of Complex PTSD and Developmental Trauma Disorder
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis review describes treatments that have been developed (or adapted from treatment models for posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) for Complex PTSD (cPTSD) in adulthood and developmental trauma disorder (DTD) in childhood. The nascent research evidence-base is reviewed and future directions are discussed.Recent findingsNumerous psychotherapy treatments are in the early stages of clinical testing and dissemination for symptoms of cPTSD (emotion dysregulation, interpersonal detachment, altered self-perception) and the additional symptoms of DTD (interpersonal, somatic, and behavioral dysregulation...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - February 9, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Adolescent Depression
AbstractPurpose of reviewMajor depressive disorder is a global public health concern that is common in adolescents. Targeting this illness at the early stages of development is critical and could lead to better long-term outcomes because the adolescent brain is highly plastic and, hence, neural systems are likely to be more malleable to interventions. Although a variety of treatments are available, there are currently no guidelines to inform clinicians which intervention might be most suitable for a given youth. Here, we discuss current knowledge of prognostic and prescriptive markers of treatment outcome in adolescent dep...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - January 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Author Correction: Integrating Evidence-Based Guidelines on Pain and Opioids into Medical School Education
The original publication of this article contained mistakes and the author would like to correct them. These corrections are the following: (Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - November 25, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Simulation in Addiction Education
AbstractAddiction and substance use disorders are complex medical conditions with a number of effective treatment options. Providing health care professionals with high-quality training to treat addiction and substance use disorders is an essential component of health care education. High-fidelity simulation has been a successful teaching method in training providers across various health care disciplines and specialties. Some such disciplines include dentistry, nursing, and numerous medical specialties. In recent years, high-fidelity simulation has proven to be a significantly effective teaching tool in psychiatry and spe...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - October 29, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

PTSD/Substance Use Disorder Comorbidity: Treatment Options and Public Health Needs
AbstractPurpose of reviewPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occurs with substance use disorder (SUD) and is challenging to treat. We review all behavioral therapy models with at least one randomized controlled trial in a current PTSD/SUD population. We identify factors in selecting a model for clinical use, emphasizing a public health framework that balances the need for evidence with the need for feasibility in frontline settings.Recent findingsSeven published models and 6 unpublished models are reviewed. Public health considerations for choosing a model include the following: whether it has been studied acr...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - September 23, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder in the Elderly
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the increasing age of those born between 1946 and 1965, issues relating to the “baby boomer” generation are more relevant than ever. This review aims to both highlight the importance of screening for substance use disorders in the elderly (specifically in this case, opioid use disorder) and then summarize the available treatment options for this vulnerable population.Recent FindingsA narrative review of the literature showed surprisingly little research on the treatment of substance use disorders, especially opioid use disorder, in the elderly. None of the three medications that are FDA ap...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - September 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Clinical Off-Label Use of Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Psychiatric Conditions
AbstractPurpose of reviewRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation approach to psychiatric treatment that is FDA approved for the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Standard TMS appears to exert biological effects by inducing current in the cortex more shallowly than deep TMS (dTMS); it may be that this modality of treatment differs from standard TMS. Given the potential difference in the manner in which dTMS stimulates the targeted brain regions, it is reasonable to review and summarize the various off-label and experimental app...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - September 7, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Pharmacological Management of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia
AbstractPurposeNeuropsychiatric symptoms are universal across all stages and types of dementia and can cause significant challenges for patients and caregivers. While there are currently no approved medications for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia, a variety of psychotropic medications such as antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants are used off-label to treat these symptoms. This systematic review evaluated the available evidence for effectiveness and tolerability of pharmacologic treatments in addressing behavioral disturbances in dementia.Recent findingsInclusion criteria ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - September 1, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

A Comprehensive Review of the Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Older Adult Bipolar Disorder
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis review summarizes the extant literature on the epidemiology, neuropsychology, clinical assessment, and treatment/management of older adult bipolar disorder (OABD). The primary aim was to provide a contemporary and accessible reference for clinicians involved in the care of OABD patients.Recent findingsImportant research into the unique features of OABD has been carried out in recent years, providing a more robust albeit still limited foundation to help guide clinical decision-making. Some of the more consistent findings have highlighted (1) the importance of assessing for potentially reversibl...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - August 31, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Emerging Complementary and Integrative Therapies for Geriatric Mental Health
AbstractPurposeThe use of complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) is on the rise among diverse populations of older adults in the USA. CIM is commonly perceived as safer, less expensive, and more culturally acceptable. There is a growing body of evidence to support the use of CIM, especially mind-body therapies, diet and nutritional supplements used for mental disorders of aging.Recent findingsWe summarize the results of the recent clinical trials and meta-analyses that provide the evidence for the role of CIM in treating older adults with mood or cognitive disorders that includes the use of diet and supplements, and ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - August 31, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Integrating Evidence-Based Guidelines on Pain and Opioids into Medical School Education
AbstractPurpose of reviewDirected, quality educational content, integration, and experience are required to prepare new medical professionals to improve access to and deliver high quality treatment for individuals with opioid use disorders. The collaboration of medical schools, their deans, and faculties as well as the involvement of local, state, and federal partners yields some important observations for success to expedite curricular customization to ultimately improve the core competence of future providers.Recent findingsMuch of the recent literature discusses what to teach medical students about substance use disorde...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - August 28, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Positive Psychiatry Interventions in Geriatric Mental Health
AbstractPurpose of reviewPositive psychiatry shifts the focus of geriatric mental healthcare beyond studying disorders and psychopathology to studying factors that contribute to mental well-being and successful aging. An increasing number of interventional studies are using treatments that target modifiable positive psychosocial characteristics (PPCs) and study their impact on mental health. Here we provide an overview of the literature on positive psychiatry interventions using illustrative examples of interventions targeting social connectedness, meaning in life, wisdom, and resilience.Recent findingsThere is growing evi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry - August 28, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research