Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Optimizing Outcomes After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Rehabilitation, Expected Outcomes, and Maximizing Return to Activities
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGiven the touted clinical and patient-reported outcomes of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in improving pain and restoring function, shoulder surgeons are rapidly expanding the indications and utilization of RTSA. Despite its increasing use, the ideal post-operative management ensuring the best patient outcomes is still debated. This review synthesizes the current literature regarding the impact of post-operative immobilization and rehabilitation on clinical outcomes following RTSA including return to sport.Recent FindingsLiterature regarding the various facets of post-operative rehabilitation...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - March 3, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Management of Shoulder Instability in Patients with Underlying Hyperlaxity
This article provides a review of the current literature regarding optimal management of patients suffering from shoulder instability with concomitant hyperlaxity of the shoulder, from isolated shoulder joint hyperlaxity to congenital hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD).Recent FindingsCurrent research shows specialized physiotherapy protocols focused on strengthening of periscapular muscles and improvement of sensorimotor control are a promising non-surgical therapeutic avenue in certain patients, which can be augmented by device-based intervention in select cases. If surgical treatment is warranted, arthroscopic techni...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - February 23, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Proximal Hamstring Ruptures: Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Return to Play
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo assess the current literature surrounding the treatment and rehabilitation strategies surrounding proximal hamstring rupture injuries, along with comparative return to sport and patient-reported outcomes.Recent FindingsA high degree of variability exists in protective and rehabilitation strategies after both operative and non-operative proximal hamstring rupture management. Acceptable outcomes after both operative and non-operative management have been observed but may vary greatly with injury chronicity, severity, and surgical technique.SummaryThe high complication rates observed after surgical...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - February 9, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Influence of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Implant Design on Biomechanics
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAs reverse total shoulder arthroplasty indications have expanded and the incidence of its use has increased, developments in implant design have been a critical component of its success. The purpose of this review is to highlight the recent literature regarding the effect of implant design on reverse total shoulder arthroplasty biomechanics.Recent FindingsImplant design for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty has evolved considerably from the modern design developed by Paul Grammont. The Grammont design had a medialized center of rotation and distalized humerus resulting from a 155 ° humeral neck ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - February 3, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Diagnosis and Management of Lunotriquetral Ligament Injuries
This article provides a review of the anatomy, pathomechanics, evaluation, and ultimately treatment of lunotriquetral ligament injuries.Recent FindingsAlthough lunotriquetral ligament injuries can occur in isolation, injuries to the lunotriquetral ligament are often viewed as a component of other injury patterns to the intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments of the wrist. Static volar intercalated segment instability typically occurs when the dorsal radiocarpal ligament is also compromised. If nonoperative treatment fails, arthroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis even with improving imaging modalities. Recently, authors ha...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - January 23, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Avascular Necrosis and Posttraumatic Arthritis After Proximal Humerus Fracture Internal Fixation: Evaluation and Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAvascular necrosis (AVN) and posttraumatic arthritis (PTA) are common complications following both conservative treatment and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of proximal humerus fractures (PHFs). Despite the frequent utilization of ORIF, information regarding these leading causes of failure is limited. This review includes a discussion of incidence, risk factors, and evaluation of AVN and PTA following PHF. The mechanisms of treatment options and associated outcomes are also reviewed.Recent FindingsRecent best available evidence demonstrates significant rates of AVN and PTA following OR...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - January 13, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Role of Intramedullary Nailing for Proximal Humerus Fractures: What Works and What Does Not
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe evaluation of proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) should be aimed to answer the following four questions: (1) does the fracture need surgery in each particular patient? (2) if surgery is recommended, is it better to proceed with internal fixation or shoulder arthroplasty, (3) if internal fixation is recommended, what is the ideal fixation device strategy, and (4) how can outcomes be optimized? This review article tries to answer these questions and provides some clarity regarding what works and what does not in PHFs treated with intramedullary nailing.Recent FindingsAccording to published article...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - January 10, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Effect of Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome on Spine Surgery Outcomes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiabetes and metabolic syndrome are highly prevalent in patients undergoing spine surgery. This review aims to capture both the findings of recently published literature investigating the effects of diabetes and metabolic syndrome on spine surgery outcomes and the current best practices in patient management.Recent FindingsDiabetes and metabolic syndrome both contribute to worse outcomes in patients undergoing spine surgery. Although patients with diabetes are at greater risk of complications, those with uncontrolled diabetes experience increased healthcare costs and greater odds of postoperative c...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 28, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Factors that Increase Elbow Stress in the Throwing Athlete: a Systematic Review of Biomechanical and Motion Analysis Studies of Baseball Pitching and Throwing
AbstractPurpose of ReviewElbow pain poses a unique challenge in the throwing athlete. Due to the high levels of elbow stress during the throwing motion, elbow injuries are common in throwers of all ages. There are several postulated factors believed to contribute increased stress to the throwing elbow. A detailed review of the published biomechanical studies evaluating the stresses experienced by the throwing elbow is needed. Here, we review these biomechanical studies to extrapolate the contributing factors that increase stress, the modifications that may reduce such stress, and the post-injury rehabilitation that optimiz...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 27, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Evaluation, Treatment, and Outcomes of Batter ’s Shoulder
This article reviews the incidence of batter ’s shoulder, the relevant biomechanics that predispose the lead shoulder to a posterior instability event, the evaluation and workup of posterior labral injury, the surgical technique for arthroscopic posterior labral repair, the postoperative rehabilitation process, and the clinical outcomes and return to sport after treatment of batter’s shoulder.Recent FindingsNew epidemiological studies have demonstrated the relatively low incidence of batter ’s shoulder at the professional baseball level with 85% of the injured players successfully returning to the sport with nonopera...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 24, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Conservative Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fractures: When, How, and What to Expect
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe key question to answer during the decision-making process for proximal humerus fractures (PHF) is whether the amount of displacement of a specific fracture pattern will be acceptable taking into account the anticipated demands on the patient. The aim of this review article was to provide some clarity regarding the features that contribute to poor clinical outcomes when PHF are treated non-operatively and to review the reported outcomes of conservative treatment.Recent FindingsConservative treatment for non-displaced or minimally displaced fractures leads to good outcomes in 80% to 90% of patien...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 23, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Role of Preoperative Vitamin D in Spine Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewVitamin D is an essential micronutrient for human bone health and maintenance. Patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery with hypovitaminosis D may be at greater risk for worsened clinical outcomes. This narrative review aims to compile the current literature studying the effects of low preoperative vitamin D on spine surgery outcomes, creating a resource that clinicians can use to inform their practice.Recent FindingsVitamin D deficiency predisposes to worse outcomes following spine surgery. Vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial in reducing the risk for adverse postoperative events; however, t...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 20, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Impact of Social Determinants of Health in Spine Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSocial determinants of health (SDH) are factors that affect patient health outcomes outside the hospital. SDH are “conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.” Current literature has shown SDH affecting patient reported outcomes in various specialties; however, there i s a dearth in research relating spine surgery with SDH. The aim of this review article is to identify connections between SDH and post-operative outcomes in spine surgery. These are importan...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 14, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Common Hand Injuries in the Baseball Player
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThe list of potential hand and wrist injuries among baseball players is numerous and includes fractures, dislocations, strains, and sprains. The purpose of this review, however, is to highlight injuries to the hand and wrist which are either particularly common or unique to professional baseball players with an emphasis on diagnostic pearls and treatment principles.Recent FindingsFor many baseball-related hand and wrist injuries, descriptions of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment options are based on single institution case series. With the implementation of Major League Baseball ’...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 12, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Hypothyroidism and Spine Surgery: a Review of Current Findings
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHypothyroidism is a common medical comorbidity and has been linked to adverse surgical outcomes. However, its effect on spine surgery outcomes is less clear. The aim of this review is to compile current literature to serve as a guide for spine surgeons when treating patients with hypothyroidism.Recent FindingsIn both the cervical and lumbar spine, patients with hypothyroidism are at increased risk of postoperative medical complications. Consequently, patients with hypothyroidism experience increased healthcare costs and readmission rates. However, there are some contradictory findings with some stu...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - December 10, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research