Upper Body Injuries in Golfers
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGolf is a sport that can be played by an athlete of any age, which enhances its popularity. Each golfer ’s swing is unique, and there is no “right” way to swing the golf club; however, the professional golfer often has more of a consistent swing as opposed to an amateur golfer. A collaborative, team approach involving the golfer with a swing coach, physical therapist, and physician often can be informative on how to prevent golf injury, but also how to treat golf injury if it occurs.Recent FindingsAs a rotational sport, the golfer needs to be trained and treated with respect for how the body ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 5, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Outcomes in Pediatric Hip FAI Surgery: a Scoping Review
This article examines its efficacy through a review of hip arthroscopy outcomes in the contemporary orthopaedic literature.Recent FindingsMorphologic changes in the acetabulum and proximal femur seen in FAI can be attributed to a multitude of etiologies —including idiopathic FAI, Legg-Calve-Perthes, and slipped capital femoral epiphysis. In general, arthroscopic treatment of FAI secondary to these conditions leads to statistically significant improvements in pain and patient-reported outcomes in the short and long term. In the pediatric athlete, repetitive stress on the hip perpetuates FAI and can drastically hinder perf...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 2, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries in Contact Athletes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this article is to review medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries in contact athletes. UCL injuries in overhead throwing athletes are typically chronic attenuation due to repetitive valgus stress on the elbow during the throwing motion. As such, UCL reconstruction is commonly performed for these athletes. In contrast, UCL injuries in contact athletes are usually acute ligament tears or avulsions of a ligament with otherwise normal tissue. Nonoperative treatment is typically the first-line treatment for partial injuries. UCL repair may work well for acute complete injuries and...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 2, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Common Upper Extremity Injuries in Pediatric Athletes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this study is to review the most recent literature on common upper extremity injuries in pediatric athletes and discuss their diagnosis, management, and outcomes. We also highlight ultrasound as a tool in their evaluation.Recent FindingsShoulder conditions presented include little league shoulder, glenohumeral rotation deficit, acute traumatic shoulder dislocation, and multidirectional shoulder instability. Elbow conditions include capitellar OCD, medial epicondyle avulsion fracture, and medial epicondylitis. We also review scaphoid fractures and gymnast wrist. Not all physeal injuries l...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 1, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Lower Extremity Muscle Injuries in the Overhead Athlete
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLower extremity (LE) injuries are a common source of disability and time-loss for overhead athletes, and muscles have been found to be the predominant soft tissue structure affected. The current review highlights the orthopaedic literature examining lower extremity muscle injuries in overhead athletes in regard to epidemiology, diagnosis, and conventional and emerging treatment measures.Recent FindingsThe hamstring muscles have been found to be the most commonly injured lower extremity muscle group in professional baseball, followed by the adductors, quadriceps, iliopsoas, and gastrocnemius-soleus ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - August 1, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Current Role of Biologics for Meniscus Injury and Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThere is little doubt that the consensus has changed to favor preservation of meniscal function where possible. Accordingly, the indications for meniscal repair strategies have been refocused on the long-term interest of knee joint health. The development and refinements in surgical technique have been complemented by biological augmentation strategies to address intrinsic challenges in healing capacity of meniscal tissue, with variable effects.Recent FindingsA contemporary approach to meniscal healing includes adequate surgical fixation, meniscal and synovial tissue stimulation, and management of ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 26, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Returning Athletes to Sports Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to discuss treatment options, rehabilitation protocols, return-to-play criteria, and expected outcomes after non-operative and operative treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears among an athletic population.Recent FindingsNon-operative treatment may be a viable option for some athletes with an ACL tears but can be difficult to predict “copers,” and those that resume to sports return at lower performance level and/or less intense activities. Most studies assessing function after ACL reconstruction demonstrate favorable outcomes using patient-reported outc...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 26, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Correction to: Treatment, Return to Play, and Performance Following Meniscus Surgery
(Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine)
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 26, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Malunion of Pediatric Forearm Shaft Fractures: Management Principles and Techniques
We present the preoperative evaluation, including imaging, and discuss surgical indications and contemporary approaches to manage such patients, including an illustrative case.Recent FindingsWhile advances in three-dimensional (3D) simulation, modeling, and patient-specific instrumentation have expanded the surgical armamentarium, their impact on long-term outcomes compared to traditional methods remains unknown.SummarySuccessful outcome following surgical correction of malunion following a both-bone forearm fracture can be achieved with careful patient selection, appropriate indications, and a well-planned surgical execut...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 25, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Upper Extremity Injuries in CrossFit Athletes —a Review of the Current Literature
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCross-discipline fitness, or CrossFit, has exploded in popularity during the last two decades. During this time, there have been a high volume of patients presenting to clinicians with a wide range of associated injuries. Given the high intensity, high repetition, and competitive nature of CrossFit training and competition, athletes are vulnerable to injury, particularly upper extremity injury. The rate of injury to the shoulder, elbow, and wrist in CrossFit is higher when compared to traditional weight-training and more comparable to elite-level gymnastics and Olympic-style lifting. Due to the gro...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 22, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Etiology of Failed Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: a Scoping Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRecent literature was reviewed to identify and summarize the etiology of primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) failure reported.MethodsThe databases Embase, PubMed, and Medline were searched on March 10, 2022, for English-language, clinical studies that reported on the etiology of failure of primary ACLR. The studies were systematically screened in duplicate and data abstracted.Recent FindingsForty-three studies were identified that reported mode of failure in primary ACLR. Trauma (43 studies), technical error (11 studies), and biology (9 studies) remain the most reported e...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 19, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Anterolateral Tibial Bowing and Congenital Pseudoarthrosis of the Tibia: Current Concept Review and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCongenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare condition closely associated with neurofibromatosis type I. Affected children are born with anterolateral bowing of the tibia which progresses to pathologic fracture, pseudarthrosis, and high risk of refracture even after initial union has been attained. There is currently no consensus on the classification of this disease or consensus on its treatment. The purpose of this review is to (1) review the clinical presentation, etiology, epidemiology, classification, and natural history of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia and (2) review the ex...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 16, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Intraoperative Assessment of Reduction of the Ankle Syndesmosis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPostoperative malreduction of the ankle syndesmosis is common, poorly defined, and its assessment is controversial. In the absence of a gold standard method to evaluate the ankle syndesmosis, a variety of techniques have been described. As the knowledgebase expands, data illustrating caveats for such techniques has become available. The purpose of this review is to highlight literature-sourced technical pearls and their related caveats for the intraoperative assessment of the ankle syndesmosis.Recent FindingsAlthough numerical criteria are commonly used to assess syndesmotic reduction, anatomical v...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 13, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Scoping Review on ACL Surgery and Registry Data
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo present an overview of registry-based anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) research, as well as provide insight into the future of ACL registries.Recent FindingsDuring the past decades, the ACL registries have had an important role in increasing our understanding of patients with ACL injuries and their treatment. The registry data has deepened our understanding of factors that have been associated with an increased risk of sustaining an ACL injury and for evaluation of treatment factors and their impact on patient-related outcomes. Recently, registry-based ACL research using artificial intelligence ...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 13, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

Achilles Tendon Ruptures and Repair in Athletes —a Review of Sports-Related Achilles Injuries and Return to Play
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAchilles tendon ruptures (ATR) are detrimental to sports performance, and optimal treatment strategy and guidelines on return to play (RTP) remain controversial. This current review investigates the recent literature surrounding nonoperative versus operative management of ATR, clinical outcomes, and operative techniques to allow the athlete a successful return to their respective sport.Recent FindingsThe Achilles tendon (AT) is crucial to the athlete, as it is essential for explosive activities such as running and jumping. Athletes that sustain an ATR play in fewer games and perform at a lower leve...
Source: Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine - July 9, 2022 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research